基于机器人的石化监测系统的设计与实现

在石化行业中,管道、罐体、塔体等介质的监测一直是课题研究热点。基于机器人的石化监测系统采用ARM处理器控制智能移动机器人,深入到人员不便进入的介质中,全方位、多角度监测介质的内部情况,准确地监测重要指标的数据,并能及时对图像、指标等数据进行处理。监测人员可在远离现场的地方查看现场情况,监测灵活、便捷。现场测试准确性高,有很高的推广价值。     

Motion control algorithms based on the dynamic modelling of kinematically redundant hybrid parallel robots

This paper discusses the motion control problem of kinematically redundant hybrid parallel robots that were recently proposed. The kinematic and dynamic models are firstly reviewed. It is pointed out that the robot can be decomposed into two parts and that each part can be analysed independently. A new hybrid approach is proposed based on this property of the robot. This approach includes an adapted computed-torque control scheme for the legs that operates in the joint space as well as a compensation of the errors of the platform applied in the Cartesian space. The convergence of this proposed approach is also verified using the Lyapunov stability theory. Two example architectures of kinematically redundant robots are built and experiments are conducted. Finally, the results are compared and analysed in order to validate the improvements provided by the proposed control method. It is shown that the proposed control scheme significantly reduces the position error. Potential extensions of this work are also discussed.     

一种小型智能割草机器人的设计与实现

针对传统割草机污染高、噪音大和需要人工长时间操作等弊端,结合市场需求,研制了一款小型的可预约工作、自主回充的智能割草机器人。硬件上,系统以STM32为核心,由控制系统、动力系统、传感系统、通信系统和人机交互系统5部分组成;算法和软件上,采用自主回充方案,实现预约模式下机器人多次工作,减少人工操作;为解决机器人在斜坡上无法直线行进问题,设计了一种坡度补偿算法;同时为提高机器人的割草效率,提出了一种自主寻草算法。系统符合国际安全设计指标,经过长时间测试,机器在预约模式、自主回充模式均能稳定可靠的工作。     

关于足球机器人系统工作模式及RoboCup仿真比赛机制的研究

机器人足球比赛是一个有趣且复杂的新兴人工智能研究领域,他融合了实时视觉系统、机器人控制、无线通讯、多机器人控制等多个领域的技术,为人工智能和智能控制的理论学习与研究及多种技术的集成应用提供了相当好的实验平台。对足球机器人系统的2种主要工作模式进行了比较和分析,并讨论了RoboCup仿真比赛的机制,对于分布式人工智能理论的研究具有重要意义。     

大型喷浆机器人机械结构研究

介绍了大型喷浆机器人的机械结构和功能。并阐述了大型喷浆机器人的使用情况 ,实践证明 ,该机械人机构结构设计合理、简单 ,操作方便 ,易于维修 ,可靠性高     

Teleoperation via computer network

In a teleoperation system, providing force information to a human operator can improve task performance. When a communication block between a master and a slave has a transmission delay, the system is easily destabilized. Anderson and Spong guaranteed passivity in the communication block by using scattering transformation and overcame this instability caused by the time delay. But this method can be applied to the communication block with a constant time delay. In a traditional teleoperation system, its communication block has a constant time delay. But time delay irregularly changes in a computer network because many users share telecommunication lines. This paper shows that the variable time delay destabilizes bilateral master-slave manipulator with scattering transformation and a new compensation method which keeps the time delay constant. This new compensation method has been implemented in a single-axis master-slave manipulator.     

Static Stiffness Analysis of a New Type 6-DOF Micro-manipulation Robot

A 6-DOF micro-manipulation robot based on a 3-PPTTRS mechanism is proposed in this paper. Its static stiffness is an important index to evaluate load capacity and positioning accuracy. However, it is insufficient to consider the static stiffness only when the robot is in its initial pose. The stiffness in different positions and poses in its work space must be analyzed also. Thus a method to analyze the relationship between static stiffness and poses in the whole work space is presented. A static stiffness model is proposed first, and the relationship between structural parameters and static stiffness in different poses is discussed. The static stiffness analysis provides foundation for structural parameter design.     

基于自适应模糊滑模控制的机器人轨迹跟踪算法

针对控制参数的不确定性以及存在未知外部扰动情况下移动机器人的轨迹跟踪问题,提出一种基于光滑非线性饱和函数的自适应模糊滑模轨迹跟踪控制算法。通过建立不确定非线性移动机器人运动控制模型,利用自适应模糊逻辑系统构建自适应模糊滑模控制器。为了增强轨迹跟踪控制算法对随机不确定外部扰动适应能力的同时削弱滑模控制算法中的输入抖振现象,利用有界输入有界输出(BIBO)稳定的方法,通过带有自适应调节算法的模糊系统对滑模控制律中非线性函数项进行自适应逼近,并设计了模糊系统中可调参数的自适应控制律,保证了控制系统的稳定与收敛。实验结果表明,所设计的控制器对系统参数不确定性和外界扰动均具有较强的轨迹跟踪性能和鲁棒性。与传统的滑模控制算法相比,该算法不仅能有效减小输入抖振而且轨迹跟踪控制精度提高了18.89%。     

外骨骼助力机器人研究现状与关键技术分析

根据研究工作积累和查阅相关文献资料,对外骨骼助力机器人国内外的研究现状进行了总结,对外骨骼助力机器人所涉及的机械结构技术、驱动技术、传感控制技术、能源技术以及安全性技术等关键技术进行了分析,并对外骨骼助力机器人在军事领域、医疗领域和工业领域的应用前景进行了展望。     

多关节外骨骼助力机器人发展现状及关键技术分析

外骨骼助力机器人突破了传统运载工具易受地形条件影响的限制,在军用领域和民用领域都展现了巨大的应用前景,是当前各国研究的热点。从负重外骨骼助力机器人和康复外骨骼助力机器人两个方面,综述了国内外多关节外骨骼助力机器人的发展现状。重点分析了人机匹配性设计、驱动方式、步态检测、人机协同行走控制策略以及助力效果评估等关键技术,并对多关节外骨骼助力机器人今后的研究方向及研究重点进行了展望。