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11.
Cl^—致脆对不锈钢磨蚀的影响及其判据研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
测定了AISI304不锈钢在不同Cl^-浓度的1mol/LH2SO4溶液中的静态腐蚀率及腐蚀损率。同时利用单摆冲击划痕实验机测定了不同条件下材料表面划痕的长度随冲击能耗的变化及其比能耗值,证明了随Cl^-浓度的增加,材料表面的比能耗下降,即腐蚀及腐蚀磨损作用加剧原因系材料的表面变脆。 相似文献
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目的 揭示钨合金在超声辅助磨削加工下的材料去除行为。方法 通过超声辅助划擦试验与有限元仿真相结合的方式,分析超声振动作用对材料表面形貌、截面轮廓、划擦力、温度、塑性应变及应变率的影响,探究超声振动作用下的材料去除和表面创成机理。结果 钨合金在划擦过程中发生严重的塑性变形,在划痕两侧出现由耕犁作用而形成的隆起现象。超声辅助划擦形成的划痕表面鳞刺更少且未出现犁沟现象,且划痕深度相较于普通划擦增大14.1%,划痕宽度增大39%。随着划擦深度的增加,试验划擦力与仿真划擦力均线性增大,且仿真值与试验值误差为18.1%,验证了有限元仿真模型的有效性。超声振动作用下的划擦力呈周期性变化特征,使平均划擦力降低了43.2%。此外,仿真结果表明,超声辅助划擦相较于普通划擦,温度最高降低50%,表面塑性应变最高降低20%,超声冲击过程中材料的塑性应变率相较于普通划擦提高1个数量级,分离过程中塑性应变率最大降低2个数量级。结论 超声振动作用可以有效降低划擦过程中的划擦力和划擦区域温度,增大冲击过程中材料的瞬时应变率,改善压头的切屑黏附现象,从而抑制划擦表面鳞刺的生成和犁沟的形成,改善表面质量。此外,超声振动作... 相似文献
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María Dolores Bermúdez Francisco José Carrión-Vilches Juan José Cervantes 《Polymer》2005,46(2):347-362
We have studied in turn: polystyrene (PS), styrene/acrylonitrile (SAN) and Polyamide 6 (PA6), adding each time to the polymer 1, 3, 5, 7 or 10 wt% of 4,4′-dibutylazobenzene (LC1) which is a monomer liquid crystal (MLC). LC1 reduces both static and dynamic friction of PS and SAN against stainless steels or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). By contrast, friction values are lower for pure PA6 than for PA6 modified with various MLCs or with MoS2.Multiple scratching tests were carried out with a micro scratch tester on every system between 2.5 and 15 N. The presence of LC1 in PS reduces penetration depth and residual depth and increases the viscoelastic recovery. So far PS was the only polymer, which does not show strain hardening in multiple scratching. The present results confirms this, but it also shows that only 1 wt% of LC reduces the brittleness of PS so that strain hardening appears. This effect is maintained at all higher concentrations of LC1 investigated as well. For SAN or PA6, additions of LC1 reduce penetration depth values with respect to pure polymers, but do not have a significant effect on viscoelastic recovery. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to study the deformation and wear mechanisms, and to relate the data obtained in multiple scratch sliding wear tests. For PS we see in SEM that increasing the LC1 concentration causes a more ductile behavior, with less crack nucleation. For SAN the debris accumulation in sliding wear is mitigated by the presence of the liquid crystalline lubricant. No debris formation is observed in PA6, with or without a lubricant. 相似文献
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Corrosive wear of materials is a complicated surface failure process. The synergism of wear and corrosion involves both the wear-accelerated corrosion and the corrosion-accelerated mechanical failure. In this work, attempts were made to determine mass losses from these two processes using an electrochemical scratch technique. 340 stainless steel and a cast iron were studied as sample materials. For both the materials, the wear-accelerated corrosion was significantly higher than the static corrosion, due to the failure of passive film or adsorption layer. Regarding the corrosion-accelerated wear, 304 steel showed higher resistance, attributed to its passivation capability and associated protective passive film. 相似文献
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缓蚀剂对原子力显微镜探针刮擦铜镍合金加速溶解的作用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
金属材料在缓蚀剂中受到刮擦会加速溶解,产生相应的腐蚀.采用原子力显微镜(AFM)探针刮伤技术研究了缓蚀剂对探针诱导铜镍合金加速溶解作用的影响.结果表明:在750 nN负载条件下,AFM探针在接触模式下对铜镍合金表面持续扫描,可以加速样品在1.5 mol/L NaCl溶液中的溶解,探针刮擦区域有蚀坑;作为缓蚀剂添加的有机化合物十二胺和无机盐铬酸钠能抑制探针刮擦引起的铜镍合金的加速溶解. 相似文献
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Although a large number of studies have examined self-directed behaviors (SDBs) such as scratching and self-grooming as nonverbal leakage of negative emotional arousal in humans, few studies have investigated the informative function of SDBs in nonhuman primates. The present study investigated whether viewing another monkey scratching itself elicited negative arousal from conspecific observers in Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata). An experimental situation was created in which the target monkey watched a stranger through a small peephole and the observer monkey(s) watched the target in turn. Scratching spread when conspecific observers watched the target scratching itself while performing monitoring behavior. The author proposes that the possible contagion of scratching by monkeys observing another's scratching may involve transmission of a psychological state, a primitive style of empathy. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
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分析了宝钢 1 42 0冷轧酸轧机组 4#机架后的测张辊在正常轧制中产生的划伤问题 ,通过对测张辊的表面状态、辊径、安装高度以及轴承的改进 ,彻底解决了因测张辊表面划伤而直接导致带钢表面划伤的产品质量问题。 相似文献