Beyond correlational analysis of the Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills (DIBELS): A classification validity study.

This study investigated the classification validity of the Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills (DIBELS) using a sample of kindergarteners (N = 177). Results indicated the cutoff scores for determining at-risk status on the DIBELS produced substantial false negative rates. Cutoff scores identifying students as at some risk produced substantial false positive rates. At both levels of risk status, the DIBELS showed low positive predictive power, but high negative predictive power, indicating it was far better at identifying students with adequate reading skills than those with inadequate reading skills. Recommendations for appropriate use of the DIBELS for reading screening and suggestions for future research are provided. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Understanding pregnant women's decision making concerning prenatal screening.

Objective: This study is aimed at enhancing understanding prenatal screening decision making through testing a hypothesized decision model based on decision theory and health behavior theory. Design: We obtained questionnaires from 1,666 pregnant women who were offered prenatal screening for Down's syndrome. Path analysis (using LISREL) resulted in a final model with reasonable model fit, which was verified by split-sample cross-validation. Main outcome measures: These included perceived probability, perceived severity, attitude toward termination, response efficacy, attitude toward prenatal screening, subjective norm, child-related anxiety, and intention to undergo prenatal screening. Results: Attitude toward termination of pregnancy, perceived test efficacy, and subjective norm regarding the desirability of having prenatal screening determined a woman's attitude toward having a prenatal test. Anxiety was influenced by perceived risk and perceived severity of having a child with Down's syndrome, and by subjective norm, but this appeared to be a weak predictor of intention to test. Pregnant women with a positive attitude toward prenatal screening, and who perceived a subjective norm in favor of undergoing prenatal screening, showed a greater intention to have prenatal screening done. Conclusion: These findings suggest that more attention should be paid toward the values and social context of pregnant women during the counseling process. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

舞钢市某磁选精矿提质降杂选矿试验研究

河南舞钢市某矿业公司选矿厂磁选精矿铁品位较低，为63.50%左右，而二氧化硅含量高达10% 左右。为提高产品质量，对该磁选精矿进行了多种选别工艺的提质降杂实验室小型试验。根据小型试验结果，采用细筛分级、筛上再磨弱磁选流程进行扩大连续试验，获得了产率为91.94%、铁品位为68.20%、SiO₂含量为3.44%、铁回收率为97.81%的精矿产品，达到了精矿铁品位＞68%的目标，试验结果可作为选矿厂生产流程优化改造的技术依据。     

Temporal framing and the decision to take part in type 2 diabetes screening: Effects of individual differences in consideration of future consequences on persuasion.

Reliable individual differences in the extent to which people consider the long- and short-term consequences of their own behaviors are hypothesized to influence the impact of a persuasive communication. In a field experiment, the time frame of occurrence of positive and negative consequences of taking part in a proposed Type 2 diabetes screening program was manipulated in a sample of 210 adults with a mean age of 53 years. Individual differences in consideration of future consequences (CFC; A. Strathman, F. Gleicher, D. S. Boninger, & C. S. Edwards, 1994) moderated (a) the generation of positive and negative thoughts and (b) the persuasive impact of the different communications. Low-CFC individuals were more persuaded when positive consequences were short term and negative consequences were long term. The opposite was true of high-CFC individuals. Path analyses show that net positive thoughts generated mediated the effect of the CFC × Time Frame manipulations on behavioral intentions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Gap detection deficits in rats with tinnitus: A potential novel screening tool.

The study describes a novel method for tinnitus screening in rats by use of gap detection reflex procedures. The authors hypothesized that if a background acoustic signal was qualitatively similar to the rat's tinnitus, poorer detection of a silent gap in the background would be expected. Rats with prior evidence of tinnitus at 10 kHz (n = 14) exhibited significantly worse gap detection than controls (n = 13) when the gap was embedded in a background similar to their tinnitus. No differences between tinnitus and control rats were found with 16 kHz or broadband noise backgrounds, which helped to rule out explanations related to hearing loss or general performance deficits. The results suggest that gap detection reflex procedures might be effective for rapid tinnitus screening in rats. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Fast screening of municipal wastewater components by reversed-phase chromatography coupled to ultraviolet-diode array detection

The screening of ingredients in municipal wastewater samples was studied, by reverse‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography (RP‐HPLC) implemented with a ultraviolet (UV)‐diode array detector, in an effort to establish a quick screening method for finding the main UV‐absorbing components of the wastewater that enters the biological treatment plant. For the purposes of direct comparison of the chromatograms obtained, a single sample taken from the inlet of municipal biological treatment plant was used for all experimental tests and the optimal elution conditions were established by detailed investigation through isocratic and gradient elution techniques. The optimal column resolution was reached by testing a broad range of capacity and selectivity factor values. The criterion used for validating the complete separation of solutes was based on the spectral purity of eluted chromatogram peaks and on the stability of retention time of a peak in real‐time chromatograms taken at different wavelengths during the elution process. From this research work, it was found that the overall chromatogram peak pattern was sensitive to the mobile phase composition and solvent system but under fixed elution conditions, the pattern of the major peaks was stable and depended on the composition of the wastewater sample. By testing different types of elution modes, it was found that the best column resolution was obtained under programmed isocratic‐gradient elution using a binary mobile phase. Finally, a relatively high column resolution method is reported for fragmentation of municipal wastewater samples.     

Screening for marital and relationship discord.

Based on recent findings suggesting that marital discord is taxonic (i.e., that couples in discordant relationships differ qualitatively, and not just quantitatively, from couples in nondiscordant relationships), this study was designed to develop a brief screening measure for detecting the relationship discord taxon. A national, representative sample of 1,020 married couples completed the Marital Satisfaction Inventory—Revised. Data from this sample were used to create a 10-item screening measure. Using the cut scores from the original study that found evidence of taxonicity as a point of reference, the 10-item screen demonstrated good diagnostic performance in assessing the relationship discord taxon. Taxon classification based on the brief scale demonstrated good short-term stability. The scale is easily administered and scored, making it appropriate for use in clinical and research settings. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

肝癌靶点的筛选与验证

肝癌是临床上具有高致死率的常见恶性肿瘤之一，发现新靶点、开发新药对于疾病的治疗至关重要。本文从生物功能和网络的角度分析了与肝癌发生、发展相关的差异表达基因，旨在筛选出肝癌早期诊断的分子标志物和免疫治疗靶点。首先对两组肝癌相关基因表达数据进行差异表达筛选；然后通过GO（Gene ontology）功能和KEGG（The kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes）通路分析，得到同时在主要功能和信号通路上显著富集的128个目标基因；最后通过基因调控网络探讨目标基因的相互作用规律，找出10个关键基因并进行生存分析验证。结果表明，得到的CYP3A4、CYP3A5、CYP2C9和CYP2C8这4个基因适合作为肝癌标志物或靶向治疗靶点。本文为肝癌发生、发展的机制研究，肿瘤标志物的筛选及药物靶点选择提供了参考，为进一步开展相关的功能研究提供了基础。     

乳腺癌筛查中乳腺X射线摄影两种标准体位及乳腺压迫厚度与平均腺体剂量的关系北大核心CSCD

为了使乳腺X射线摄影在乳腺癌筛查中的应用达到最优化,本文回顾性分析了在我院行乳腺X射线摄影和乳腺彩色多普勒超声检查,并取得病理结果的患者共132人、139个病灶,比较乳腺头尾位(craniocaudal view,CC)、内外侧斜位(medial lateral oblique view,MLO)、乳腺压迫厚度、乳腺密度与被检者接受的平均腺体剂量(average glandular dose,AGD)的关系及两种体位上病灶检出情况。结果显示:(1)乳腺压迫厚度及乳腺密度都是AGD的独立影响因素,并呈正相关,且乳腺压迫厚度对AGD的影响比乳腺密度大;(2)曝光参数管电压及管电流随着乳腺压迫厚度的增加有增加趋势,致使AGD增大;(3)同一乳腺CC及MLO的压迫厚度及AGD未发现特定规律,但均数±标准差CC位(2.49±0.84)>MLO位(2.27±0.81),且MLO比CC更易显示病灶。只拍摄乳腺MLO联合乳腺彩色多普勒超声检查具有很大优势,不仅保证了诊断需要,更降低了被检者的AGD值,且被检者乳腺压迫厚度及乳腺密度越大,AGD降低越多。