基于绿色再制造的火车车钩裂纹激光修复和表面强化

车钩是铁路车辆的关键部件之一,钩尾销孔承载面产生的裂纹是其主要失效形式.为了实现对车钩的绿色再制造,文中通过实验研究了激光熔覆技术在车钩裂纹修复方面的应用,并分析了熔覆材料的硬度分布、耐磨性、低温冲击韧性以及结合区域的微观组织特征.实验结果表明,熔覆材料与基体实现了冶金结合,硬度分布合理,耐磨性和低温冲击韧性都比母材有了较大提高,为开展产业化的绿色再制造奠定了基础.为了防止新造车钩出现裂纹,提出了一种新的激光淬火工艺,替代原有的中频淬火工艺,实验结果表明,激光淬火的硬度和耐磨性都比中频淬火有较大提高,而且兼顾了车钩总体的力学性能,可以在实际生产中应用.     

利用改进单分类支持向量机提升舰船尾流目标的检测准确率

舰船在航行过程中会在尾部产生一段包含大量气泡的湍流区域,通过对尾流的声学检测可以有效地跟踪船舶。基于一种改进单分类支持向量机（OCSVM）算法,利用无尾流情况下回波信号作为训练集的一个最优分类器,用于尾流回波信号模式判断。对回波信号进行降噪处理,进而提出一种自适应特征提取方法对回波信号进行处理;将特征提取作为输入,使用两层决策边界的双阈值OCSVM算法进行尾流检测。仿真结果表明,与常规OCSVM算法相比,改进算法在不同信噪比下的检测准确率均有提升,检测准确率最高可达96.27%,具有较好的工程应用价值。     

高强度耐候钢Q355对接接头多次焊修力学行为研究

通过焊接工艺评定试验以及疲劳试验,分析高强度耐候钢Q355GNHD正常对接接头和3次焊修接头的显微组织、常规力学性能以及疲劳结果差异。结果表明:3次焊修接头熔合良好,显微组织未见马氏体;3次焊修焊接接头和正常焊接接头的拉伸、弯曲及硬度等常规力学性能未见明显差异;3次焊修接头过热区组织粗大,冲击功有所降低,但均满足标准规定的焊接接头技术条件;两种焊接接头的疲劳性能相近,符合设计要求。     

星载海洋监视雷达系统

文中在比较星载海洋监视设备特点的基础上,指出了雷达用于海洋监视的独特优势,并对假设的星载海洋监视雷达系统的工作波段、工作模式、威力覆盖、检测能力进行了具体讨论,分析了星载海洋监视雷达的关键技术。最后指出随着技术的发展,雷达必将成为下一代星载海洋监视的首选设备。     

Magnetic Assembly of a Multifunctional Guidance Conduit for Peripheral Nerve Repair

Nerve growth conduits are designed to support and promote axon regeneration following nerve injuries. Multifunctionalized conduits with combined physical and chemical cues, are a promising avenue aimed at overcoming current therapeutic barriers. However, the efficacious assembly of conduits that promote neuronal growth remains a challenge. Here, a biomimetic regenerative gel is developed, that integrates physical and chemical cues in a biocompatible “one pot reaction” strategy. The collagen gel is enriched with magnetic nanoparticles coated with nerve growth factor (NGF). Then, through a remote magnetic actuation, highly aligned fibrillar gel structure embedded with anisotropically distributed coated nanoparticles, combining multiple regenerating strategies, is obtained. The effects of the multifunctional gels are examined in vitro, and in vivo in a 10-mm rat sciatic nerve injury model. The magneto-based therapeutic conduits demonstrate oriented and directed axonal growth, and improve nerve regeneration in vivo. The study of multifunctional guidance scaffolds that can be implemented efficiently and remotely provides the foundation to a novel therapeutic approach to overcome current medical obstacles for nerve injuries.     

基于绿色再制造的多层激光送丝堆焊

作为再制造工程的关键技术之一的激光送丝堆焊技术,在重要零件的修复中起到独特的作用,本文通过在45号钢上用大功率CO2 激光束和自动送丝机构进行激光堆焊工艺试验研究,就这一技术的特点、工艺控制方法以及组织性能等方面做了考察,结果显示:优化的工艺范围为比能量Es=100-130J/mm2、送丝速度应高于激光扫描速度(ΔV=1.5~2.5 mm/s);与氩弧堆焊相比激光堆焊层组织明显细化,硬度提高70%,过渡区狭小,激光堆焊层显维组织随Es增加而逐渐粗大,同时,热影响区易出现过热组织;激光堆焊层体现出良好的抗磨性能,比高速钢的耐磨性提高42.6%。     

基于1(1)/(2)维谱的舰船辐射噪声低频线谱成分提取

分析了1(1)/(2)维谱具有的几个特殊性质,即抑制高斯噪声和对称分布噪声;加强信号的基频分量以及剔除非耦合相位的谐波分量.通过计算实际舰船噪声的1(1)/(2)维谱,并利用它所具有的特征参数,对舰船信号进行了分类与识别,达到了较好的识别效果, 为进一步开展水下目标探测与识别研究打下了良好基础.     

动力定位系统应用技术研究

动力定位系统是深海作业的船舶配套关键技术。文中介绍了海洋工程船舶动力定位系统的发展和目前我国海洋工程船舶的动力定位系统现状,同时分析了动力定位系统的控制技术和基本构架,并对动力定位控制技术的发展难点做了初步分析和展望。     

Carbon Fiber Reinforced Thermoset Composite with Near 100% Recyclability

Both environmental and economic factors have driven the development of recycling routes for the increasing amount of composite waste generated. This paper presents a new paradigm to fully recycle epoxy‐based carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites. After immersing the composite in ethylene glycol (EG) and increasing the temperature, the epoxy matrix can be dissolved as the EG molecules participate in bond exchange reactions (BERs) within the covalent adaptable network (CAN), effectively breaking the long polymer chains into small segments. The clean carbon fibers can be then reclaimed with the same dimensions and mechanical properties as those of fresh ones. Both the dissolution rate and the minimum amount of EG required to fully dissolve the CAN are experimentally determined. Further heating the dissolved solution leads to repolymerization of the epoxy matrix, so a new generation of composite can be fabricated by using the recycled fiber and epoxy; in this way a closed‐loop near 100% recycling paradigm is realized. In addition, epoxy composites with surface damage are shown to be fully repaired. Both the recycled and the repaired composites exhibit the same level of mechanical properties as fresh materials.     

前视红外舰船图像的模糊分割算法研究

由分析海面舰船及其背景红外辐射特性入手，对前视海面舰船红外图像提出了一种新的自适应阈值张弛模糊分割算法，对目标进行图像分割．对本文提出的算法用实际红外图像进行仿真实验，取得令人满意的效果．表明本算法是可行和实用的．