基于数据转换服务实现卷烟吸阻达标率的计算

针对吸阻达标率计算过程复杂,操作步骤繁多的问题,提出运用SQL Server工具DTS(Data Transformation Service数据转换服务)计算卷烟吸阻达标率,其实现过程包括数据库连接、数据表建立、视图创建、DTS包设计、代码编写、JOB作业建立和Excel透视表建立等步骤。结果证明吸阻达标率计算程序的开发不仅为达标率的实际应用提供技术支撑,还有助于企业更好地控制产品质量,提高生产工艺水平。     

基于似人特性的机器人拟人臂自主抓取动作规划

针对拟型服务机器人在家庭环境中的自主抓取任务,提出了一种强调运动姿态似人特性的机器人手臂动作的运动规划方法.该方法基于人体工程学中的快速上肢评估准则评价机器人运动姿态的似人特性,并在此基础上以机器人传速速率最优为目标规划机器人持物动作的姿态构型.最后以Motoman SDA10D拟人双臂机器人为例,具体介绍了该方法的应用和规划的结果,规划结果证明了该方法的可行性和有效性.     

由振动台试验结果反推原型结构地震反应注记

由结构模型的振动台试验结果来考察真实结构的动力特性,是研究工程结构地震反应的试验研究方法之一,如何正确处理试验模型与原型的相似关系以及如何由模型反应正确推导原型反应是很重要的问题。通过对15层框-桁架结构的振动台试验模型的地震反应,采用2种方法反推原型结构地震反应并加以对比,从而考察和探讨模型与原型相似关系的准确性,指出了由模型反推原型结构地震反应的注意事项和建议。     

柔软热收缩材料的研制

总结了经共混和辐射交联制备柔软耐老化的热收缩材料的研制过程。测得了不同乙丙橡胶含量和不同辐照剂量下的共混物的力学性能和凝胶含量，确定了共混物辐射交联的合适剂量。此外，还测试了ＥＰＤＭ和ＰＥ共混物经辐照后的耐油性能。在此基础上，制得了手感柔软的热收缩管材。     

Hybrid systems in seawater desalination—practical design aspects, present status and development perspectives

Ever since seawater desalination has been applied on an industrial scale, and particular in the countries of the Arabian Gulf, the application of desalination processes in dual-purpose facilities—water and power—as a hybrid configuration has been discussed in many feasibility investigations and also planning concepts. It is above all the combination of reverse osmosis with thermal processes that has found increasing interest with the aim of ensuring, as economically as possible, uniform water supplies under the specific, greatly varying load conditions in the Gulf countries. Such design concepts for hybrid configurations encompass straightforward structures with a low degree of coupling between membrane and thermal desalination processes, but range up to very complex configurations with strong interconnections on both the water side and thermally, as well as with several desalination processes connected in series or in parallel. Classical hybrid concepts in which the permeate from an RO desalination component is mixed with distillate from thermal desalination have already been implemented in Saudi Arabian dual-purpose plants, like Jeddah and Yanbu-Medina. Although hybrid systems of greater complexity have been addressed in many design studies and publications, up to now none has been brought to fruition. Coming into consideration asthe design basis for determining the capacity shares of the various desalination processes operated in a hybrid configuration are: arrangement of thermal cycle of the power plant component; water/power ratio of the dual-purpose seawater desalination and power plant; provision of undiminished water production of the desalination plant as electricity generation varies; provision of a specified drinking water quality with regard to composition and salt content; combination of all these aspects. Also gaining in importance are concerns of environmental pollution and sustainable development when selecting seawater desalination and power plant configurations, as well as their optimization when considering desalination and electricity generation as a whole. In the practical design of hybrid membrane and thermal systems, aspects come to light, though, that restrict linking of the two systems and joint utilization of facilities, as conceived in studies and conceptual design investigations. This applies both for common utilization of intakes and the use of heated up cooling water from thermal processes as a feed stream for the RO part of the desalination process. Additionally, requirements of drinking water composition, particularly chloride content, TDS and compliance with a specific residual content of boron, influence specifically the design of the membrane process part and its share in the total desalination capacity. Such practical aspects have greatly influenced the design and configuration of the Fujairah hybrid plant for which, from a total desalination capacity of 100 MIGD (454,600 m³/d), the share of 37.5 MIGD (170,500 m³/d) makes its seawater RO plant the biggest currently being constructed anywhere in the world. From the findings of the engineering of this plant and the idea that, by increasing interconnection between the two processes on the water side, it is possible to advance a hybrid configuration of this type with regard to cost optimization in the membrane installation, but also by joint utilization of the intake equipment, perspectives result for applied research efforts over the near and long terms, for example: long-term behavior of membranes at elevated temperatures; tendency for biofouling in membrane process with common utilization of cooling water and brine; influences of such interconnections on the overall availability of the facility. But also for the operation and maintenance organization of such large facilities, consequences can be foreseen for the future development of hybrid plants, particularly for operation management and organisation of the interplay of the different power plant and desalination systems, monitoring of SWRO membrane replacement and cleaning, as well as controlling water quality.     

Combustion of a gasoline-hydrogen-air mixture in a reciprocating internal combustion engine cylinder and determining the optimum gasoline-hydrogen ratio

This paper reports results of an analysis of experimental data on the combustion of a gasoline-hydrogen-air mixture in a reciprocating internal combustion engine cylinder. The completeness of combustion of the mixture is shown to depend on the amount of hydrogen in the fuel mixture and the composition and physicochemical properties of the mixture. In particular, the conditions of addition of hydrogen to the gasoline-air mixture with active chemical action on the combustion process and the action of hydrogen as an additional fuel component are determined. A dimensionless universal relation is proposed that allows one to uniquely determine the initial composition of the fuel mixture (hydrogen to gasoline ratio) to accomplish combustion of the fuel mixture at the lean combustion limit. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 43, No. 4, pp. 8–14, July–August, 2007.     

Impregnation of X Zeolite with Alkaline Hydroxide During the Synthesis

Enhancement of the basic properties of the X zeolite with FAU framework has been carried out during synthesis, without further treatment such as ion-exchange or impregnation. Control of the washing stage enables retention of the optimum amount of alkaline hydroxides, which increases the basic catalytic activity of X zeolite in the alkylation of toluene. This alkaline hydroxides neither affect the FAU framework nor the silicon/aluminium molar ratio of the X zeolite. The optimum (Na + K)/Al molar ratio of the improved catalyst was 1.06 corresponding to a washing volume of 200 mL. This X zeolite presented better catalytic activity than a cesium-zeolite prepared by ion-exchange. The presence of hydroxysodalite impurity in the X zeolite increased the amount of impregnated alkaline hydroxides but not the catalytic activity. The present study shows that it is possible to increase the basic properties of the X zeolite directly in the synthesis process.     

Characterization of polyisoprene-clay nanocomposites prepared by solution blending

The effects of clay dispersion and the interactions between clays and polymer chains on the viscoelastic properties of polymer/clay nanocomposites are investigated using oscillatory shear rheology, X-ray diffraction (XRD), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Four different montmorillonite silicates of natural clays, plasma-treated clays, and organically modified clays (OCs) have been used in this study. For the polyisoprene (PI)/clay nanocomposites, the exfoliation of the OC dispersed in the PI matrix is confirmed with XRD and SAXS although TEM images show both exfoliated and non-exfoliated nanoclay sheets. In contrast aggregation or intercalation is obtained for the other PI/clay composites studied here. Additionally, the effective maximum volume packing fraction of OC for the exfoliated nanocomposites is determined from the overlapping of dynamic viscosity at low frequency regime, in which the effective maximum volume packing fraction is larger than the percolation threshold determined from the storage modulus of the nanocomposites.     

双阳煤在PKM气化炉试烧总结

介绍了在PKM气化炉中弱粘结性双阳煤的试烧情况,并给出了主要工艺参数控制范围。试烧结果表明:依兰煤中配入50%双阳煤,汽氧比6.0:1时,气化炉工况良好。