管壳式换热器强化传热研究进展

随着对节能减排重视程度的提高,换热器的强化传热问题得到了越来越深入的研究,本文介绍了近年来管壳式换热器强化传热研究的一些相关成果,列举了几种应用于管壳式换热器中管程与壳程强化传热的典型元件和结构,为下一步研究工作的开展奠定了基础.     

辊式挤压成型机机架设计与有限元分析

介绍辊式挤压成型机的工作原理和产品特点,重点阐述了机架设计中的要点与细节问题,并以φ800 mm×340 mm挤压成型机为例计算得到侧臂支架的应力与变形分布,验证了机架结构设计的合理性。     

Synthesis and characterization of organo‐soluble poly(ether ether ketone)s and poly(ether ether ketone ketone)s containing pendant pentadecyl chains

Poly(ether ether ketone)s and poly(ether ether ketone ketone)s containing pendant pentadecyl chains were synthesized by polycondensation of each of the two bisphenol monomers viz, 1,1,1‐[bis(4‐hydroxyphenyl)‐4′‐pentadecylphenyl]ethane and 1,1‐bis(4‐hydroxyphenyl)‐3‐pentadecyl cyclohexane with activated aromatic dihalides namely, 4,4′‐difluorobenzophenone, and 1,3‐bis(4‐fluorobenzoyl)benzene in a solvent mixture of N,N‐dimethylacetamide and toluene, in the presence of anhydrous potassium carbonate. Polymers were isolated as white fibrous materials with inherent viscosities and number average molecular weights in the range 0.70–1.27 dL g^?1 and 76,620–1,36,720, respectively. Poly(ether ether ketone)s and poly(ether ether ketone ketone)s were found to be soluble at room temperature in organic solvents such as chloroform, dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, and pyridine and could be cast into tough, transparent, and flexible films from their solutions in chloroform. Wide angle X‐ray diffraction patterns exhibited a broad halo at around 2θ = ～ 19° indicating that the polymers containing pentadecyl chains were amorphous in nature. In the small‐angle region, diffuse reflections of a typically layered structures resulting from the packing of pentadecyl side chains were observed. The temperature at 10% weight loss, obtained from TG curves, for poly(ether ether ketone)s and poly(ether ether ketone ketone)s were in the range 416–459°C, indicating their good thermal stability. A substantial drop in glass transition temperatures (68–78°C) was observed for poly(ether ether ketone)s and poly(ether ether ketone ketone)s due to “internal plasticization” effect of flexible pendant pentadecyl chains. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

车联网中路边设施的分布式调度策略的研究

为了降低碳排放量和部署成本,利用太阳能给车联网路边设施(Road Side Unit, RSU)供电是一个可行的方法.本文针对太阳能供电的RSU,提出了两个分布式的在线调度策略,旨在最大化服务车辆数.在基于Markov链的调度策略中,采用Markov链表述RSU能量状态,并通过对动作的奖励最大化服务的车辆数;在基于阈值的调度策略中,RSU计算服务车辆时所消耗的能量,并结合自己的能量状态,选择服务的车辆.仿真结果表明,本文提出的在线调度策略增加了服务车辆数.     

车联网基于信任度的RSU识别及资源分配算法

在车联网中,由于部分路侧单元（RSU）的位置比较偏远,无法得到网络管理员的及时维护,可能遭到攻击,变为不可信任的路侧单元,降低了车辆的通信质量和网络能效.为了有效地识别RSU的可靠性,提出了一种基于信任度的路侧单元识别及资源分配算法,将路侧单元识别、传输模式的选择和功率分配联合建模为网络能效的优化问题,并分成3个子优化问题,分别求解.首先,采用基于信任度的RSU识别算法,识别出可信任和不可信任的路侧单元;其次,优化车辆资源块配置和链路选择;最后,通过次梯度算法优化传输功率,最大化网络能效.理论分析和仿真结果表明,所提算法具备较低的复杂度,可以达到较高的路侧单元识别准确度,并有效地提升网络总能效.     

关于中国潜在经济增速存在下滑趋势的讨论

近期关于中国经济存在下降趋势甚至会步入“中等收入陷阱”的讨论非常热烈。一种观点认为,当经济赶超型国家人均收入达到11000国际元之后,经济增速会出现明显回落,而我国正处于这样的增长阶段;另一种观点认为,我国正处在城市化的“中场休息”阶段,巨大的城市化潜力和后发优势还将使中国经济保持20年以上超过8％的增长。本文以总量平衡式的供给侧为研究角度,对上述问题做出分析和判断,重点分析我国近几年经济增速“异常”下降的原因,并提出政策建议。     

一种用于探边机的光电开关电路

本文介绍用于纺织、印染机器中探边机的光电开关电路及其工作原理。     

双曲壳的样条有限条分析方法

采用曲面单元,给出双曲壳问题的样条有限条分析方法,通过计算表明,本方法精度高.     

Notwendigkeit und Vermarktung von Flexibilitätsoptionen im Energiesystem der Zukunft

Demands on production, distribution and consumption of electrical energy change fundamentally with the energy revolution. Energy purchasing costs for inflexible consumers are rising and proceeds of inflexible producers are sinking. Companies are able to reduce costs by marketing operational flexibility options. This article sets out the need of flexibility in the energy system and the new marketing options. Flexibility potentials within infrastructure plants of a chemical park are analyzed, evaluated regarding marketing and activated in the presented research project FlexChemistry.     

一种两性聚羧酸减水剂对水泥净浆及混凝土早期性能的影响

通过引入2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)和甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)两种小单体,并采用相对分子量较大的甲基烯丙基聚氧乙烯醚(HPEG)大单体,合成了一种两性聚羧酸减水剂ZQ-3,使用红外光谱对其结构进行了确证.将该减水剂与另外三种聚羧酸减水剂进行了性能对比研究.水泥净浆实验结果表明:减水剂ZQ-3具有良好的分散性及分散性经时保持性能,对净浆的凝结时间影响不大;混凝土实验及XRD分析表明:减水剂ZQ-3能够促进水泥的早期水化,明显提高混凝土蒸养脱模强度和早期强度.