Process improvement in healthcare: overall resource efficiency

This paper aims to develop a unifying and quantitative conceptual framework for healthcare processes from the viewpoint of process improvement. The work adapts standard models from operation management to the specifics of healthcare processes. We propose concepts for organizational modeling of healthcare processes, breaking down work into micro processes, tasks, and resources. In addition, we propose an axiological model which breaks down general performance goals into process metrics. The connexion between both types of models is made explicit as a system of metrics for process flow and resource efficiency. The conceptual models offer exemplars for practical support in process improvement efforts, suggesting to project leaders how to make a diagrammatic representation of a process, which data to gather, and how to analyze and diagnose a process's flow and resource utilization. The proposed methodology links on to process improvement methodologies such as business process reengineering, six sigma, lean thinking, theory of constraints, and total quality management. In these approaches, opportunities for process improvement are identified from a diagnosis of the process under study. By providing conceptual models and practical templates for process diagnosis, the framework relates many disconnected strands of research and application in process improvement in healthcare to the unifying pursuit of process improvement. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

迭代最小斜度单型sigma采样UPF算法

针对condensation算法以状态转移作为建议分布从而导致权值蜕化的问题,提出了以迭代最小斜度单型sigmaUKF建立建议分布的UPF算法．以最小斜度单型UKF产生统计线性误差项,再对IEKF推导产生不依赖于系统非线性映射Jacobian矩阵的迭代式,以此对状态均值、协方差进行迭代修正,以近似0残差使状态收敛到MA...     

涟钢1720冷轧电工钢生产工艺优化

从2007年试生产电工钢以来,冷轧产品存在焊缝断带、同板差偏大等问题,严重影响到了生产的稳顺和公司的信誉.为解决这些问题,采用6 sigma的研究方法,通过单因子和交互因子试验,分别对焊机和轧机两个重点设备的参数进行优化,得出了一套适合于电工钢大规模生产的工艺参数.     

含钨超级双相不锈钢连续冷却过程中的析出相

利用Gleeble 3800热模拟试验机对含钨超级双相不锈钢进行了连续冷却试验,利用金相显微镜和扫描电镜电子背散射模式（SEM-BSE）分析了冷却速率对含钨超级双相不锈钢σ析出相的影响。结果表明：冷却速率越小,σ相的析出量越多;在相同冷却速率下,变形后钢中σ相的析出量比未变形情况有所增加;冷却速率超过5.0 ℃/s时可阻止含钨超级双相不锈钢析出σ相。     

采用精益六西格玛管理降低氯乙烯合成反应气中乙炔的含量

利用精益六西格玛管理找出影响氯乙烯合成反应气中乙炔含量的各种因子,其中显著因子为热水槽温度、混合气脱水温度、混合气预热温度,并确定各显著因子最佳控制范围为:热水槽温度88～91℃、混合气脱水温度-12～-11℃、混合气预热温度83～85℃.经过试运行后,氯乙烯合成反应气中乙炔体积分数由原来的3.31%下降到1.38%,...     

αN-Acetyl β-Endorphin Is an Endogenous Ligand of σ1Rs That Regulates Mu-Opioid Receptor Signaling by Exchanging G Proteins for σ2Rs in σ1R Oligomers

The opioid peptide β-endorphin coexists in the pituitary and brain in its ^αN-acetylated form, which does not bind to opioid receptors. We now report that these neuropeptides exhibited opposite effects in in vivo paradigms, in which ligands of the sigma type 1 receptor (σ1R) displayed positive effects. Thus, ^αN-acetyl β-Endorphin reduced vascular infarct caused by permanent unilateral middle cerebral artery occlusion and diminished the incidence of N-methyl-D-aspartate acid-promoted convulsive syndrome and mechanical allodynia caused by unilateral chronic constriction of the sciatic nerve. Moreover, ^αN-acetyl β-Endorphin reduced the analgesia of morphine, β-Endorphin and clonidine but enhanced that of DAMGO. All these effects were counteracted by β-Endorphin and absent in σ1R^−/− mice. We observed that σ1Rs negatively regulate mu-opioid receptor (MOR)-mediated morphine analgesia by binding and sequestering G proteins. In this scenario, β-Endorphin promoted the exchange of σ2Rs by G proteins at σ1R oligomers and increased the regulation of G proteins by MORs. The opposite was observed for the ^αN-acetyl derivative, as σ1R oligomerization decreased and σ2R binding was favored, which displaced G proteins; thus, MOR-regulated transduction was reduced. Our findings suggest that the pharmacological β-Endorphin-specific epsilon receptor is a σ1R-regulated MOR and that β-Endorphin and ^αN-acetyl β-Endorphin are endogenous ligands of σ1R.     

一种自学习模糊神经网络多变量自适应控制器

本文在将文（６）的参数学习算法推广到多变量系统和对爬山法加以改进的基础上,提出了一种新的基于Ｐｉ－ｓｉｇｍａ混合型自适应模糊神经网络的多变量的自适应控制器。该控制器能在不需过多先验知识的情况下在线自学前件和后件参数,仿真结果表明,该控制器有效的。     

Effect of molybdenum additions on the microstructures and corrosion behaviours of 316L stainless steel-based alloys

Alloys were made by alloying 5, 10, 15, 17.5 and 20?wt-% Mo with Type 316L stainless steel. Sigma phases containing 21–29?wt-% Mo formed along the austenite grain boundaries with the addition of 5?wt-% Mo and increased with additions up to 15?wt-% Mo, but they decreased with further additions. Laves phases containing 33–40?wt-% Mo co-precipitated at additions of 10?wt-% Mo which increased with further Mo increases. The corrosion resistance, assessed by potentiodynamic polarisation in a 10?mM NaCl solution adjusted to pH 4, increased relative to Type 316L for alloys made with 5 and 10?wt-% added Mo, but decreased with further additions due to preferential corrosion of the Laves phase. The alloy made with 10?wt-% added Mo had the highest corrosion resistance due primarily to the high Mo content of the austenite.     

6σAND SOLID-STATE POLYMERIZATION

An industrial application of data-driven modeling to a solid-state polymerization process is presented. The goal is to predict the exit IV (intrinsic viscosity) given a set of independent variables. The problem is interesting in that it involves a distributed parameter system with numerous inputs and many hours of time delays. High-fidelity delay-free predictions allow for the adjustment of independent variables for improved quality control. The problem is analyzed from the increasingly popular six sigma perspective for a comparative assessment between modeling, advanced control, and optimization and six sigma.