Simulation of Fe-Al compounds developed during single superphosphate manufacture

In order to analyse iron phosphate complexes and gel-like phases encountered in the single superphosphate process, experiments were performed with a free-Al, Fe apatite crystal of Durango from Mexico phosphate rock and sulfuric acid. Reaction products were studied by X-ray diffraction and surface analysis methods namely X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Results show that in a free Al, Fe-system, part of the Ca(H₂PO₄ )₂.H₂O (MCPM) forms before precipitation of any CaSO₄(CS) and gel-like phase such H₂SO₄.yH₃PO₄.xH₂O is formed. When iron is added, the precipitation rate of (CS) and (MCPM) increases and Fe₃(H₃O)H₈(PO₄)₆.6H₂O is formed. When Fe and Al are added, a gel-like phase is quickly formed with a molar ratio that changes with time and develops into crystalline compounds. The composition of this gel may be represented as a mixture of two phases: H₂SO₄.yH₃PO₄.xH₂O and a gel containing Al-Fe-Si.     

超声波对沉淀二氧化硅的分散解聚研究

研究了超声波对沉淀二氧化硅的分散解聚效果，实验证明，当频率为40kHz，功率密度达到1．8W/cm^2时，沉淀二氧化硅浆料可以获得极佳的分解效果，二氧化硅聚集体小于77．6nm的颗粒数量达98．9％。     

Fischer–Tropsch synthesis over Co–SiO2 catalysts prepared by the sol–gel method

Fischer–Tropsch synthesis was carried out in slurry phase over uniformly dispersed Co–SiO₂ catalysts prepared by the sol–gel method. When 0.01–1 wt.% of noble metals were added to the Co–SiO₂ catalysts, a high and stable catalytic activity was obtained over 60 h of the reaction at 503 K and 1 MPa. The addition of noble metals increased the reducibility of surface Co on the catalysts, without changing the particle size of Co metal significantly. High dispersion of metallic Co species stabilized on SiO₂ was responsible for stable activity. The uniform pore size of the catalysts was enlarged by varying the preparation conditions and by adding organic compounds such as N,N-dimethylformamide and formamide. Increased pore size resulted in decrease in CO conversion and selectivity for CO₂, a byproduct, and an increase in the olefin/paraffin ratio of the products. By modifying the surface of wide pore silica with Co–SiO₂ prepared by the sol–gel method, a bimodal pore structured catalyst was prepared. The bimodal catalyst showed high catalytic performance with reducing the amount of the expensive sol–gel Co–SiO₂.     

聚酰亚胺/二氧化硅杂化膜的制备与介电性能的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了BTDA-ODA聚酰亚胺/SiO2杂化膜,利用红外分光光度计（FTIR）、热重分析仪（TGA）和透射电镜（TEM）研究了杂化膜的微观结构和热性能,并对杂化膜的介电常数（e）和介电损耗（tand）随SiO2粒子含量和电场频率的变化进行了分析和讨论。结果表明：杂化膜的介电常数和介电损耗随SiO2粒子含量的增加而增大,随电场频率的升高而逐渐降低,用考虑到粒子的形状因素和两相间相互作用的EMT模型可以预测聚酰亚胺/SiO2杂化膜的介电常数。     

Solubility of Si3N4 in Liquid SiO2

The nitrogen solubility in the SiO₂-rich liquid in the metastable binary SiO₂-Si₃N₄ system has been determined by analytical TEM to be 1%–4% of N/(O + N) at 1973–2223 K. Analysis of the near edge structure of the electron energy loss peak indicates that nitrogen is incorporated into the silicate network rather than being present as molecular N₂. A regular solution model with a positive enthalpy of mixing for the liquid was used to match the data for the metastable solubility of N in the presence of crystalline Si₃N₄ and to adjust the computed phase diagram. The solubility of Si₃N₄ in fused SiO₂ is far less than reported in liquid silicates also containing Al, Mg, and/or Y. Apparently, these cations act as modifiers that break anion bridges in the silicate network and, thereby, allow further incorporation of Si₃N₄ without prohibitive amounts of network cross-linking. Finally, indications emerged regarding the diffuse nature of the Si₃N₄-SiO₂ interface that leads to amorphous regions of higher N content.     

整形美容外科用新材料—─瘢痕软化用硅胶纱布膜

本文研究了硅胶纱布膜的制备方法和治疗效果。在增生性瘢痕的治疗中，硅凝胶能较快地软化和减轻瘢痕，其治疗时间要比加压疗法短。目前，对硅凝胶的作用机理尚未完全明了，但一般认为水化和封闭是治疗作用的主要基础     

高效乙烯聚合催化剂的制备——I．催化剂的制备规律

研究了新型含镁络合物的结构、性质及其用于制备高效乙烯聚合催化剂的制备规律。结果表明：将镁、有机醇以及不与镁发生“格式反应”的卤代烷相互作用可迅速发生反应形成新型含镁络合物溶液。该络合物在溶液中可析出结晶。具有特定的化学结构．可以均匀承载于多孔硅胶的孔隙中，负载TiCl4后制备出形态良好的球形高效乙烯集合催化剂。     

Preparation of ketoprofen‐loaded high‐molecular‐weight poly(vinyl alcohol) gels

High‐molecular‐weight atactic poly(vinyl alcohol) (a‐PVA) gels loaded with (R,S)‐2‐(3‐benzoylphenyl)propionic acid (ketoprofen) were prepared from 5, 6, 7, and 8 g/dL solutions of a‐PVA with a number‐average degree of polymerization of 4000 in an ethylene glycol/water mixture with an aging method to identify the effect of the initial polymer concentration on the swelling behavior, morphology, and thermal properties of a‐PVA gels. Then, the release behavior of ketoprofen from a‐PVA gels was investigated. As the polymer concentration decreased, the ability for network formation decreased, and the degree of swelling of the a‐PVA gels increased. In addition, the enthalpy increased with an increase in the a‐PVA concentration, but the melting temperatures of the gels prepared at different initial polymer concentrations were the same; this indicated that tighter gel networks would be formed by a higher polymer chain density. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

改性压实水泥抗压强度影响因素的研究

采用ＤＳＰ原理和压实技术相结合，掺加硅灰和ＣａＣＯ３等细颗粒矿物外加剂改变压实水泥材料基质。研究了成型压力、细粉掺量、养护制度等因素对压实水泥强度的影响。结果表明，掺加适量硅灰和提高成型压力可显著提高压实水泥的抗压强度，掺加ＣａＣＯ３对强度无明显影响；压实水泥存在最佳养护龄期，超过此龄期强度倒缩。