载银活性炭/超滤组合技术去除溶解性有机物

为了强化水中溶解性有机物的去除效果,采用载银粉末活性炭与超滤( ultrafiltraction,UF)组合工艺处理微污染原水,研究了溶解性有机炭( dissolved organic carbon,DOC)和紫外吸光度( ultraviolet absorbance,UV254)的去除效果、三维荧光特性、影响因素以及膜污染控制的影响.研究结果表明：与常规粉末活性炭相比,载银活性炭对DOC和UV254的去除效果有较显著改善;在载银量0.10%、0.50%、1.00%和投炭量50、60、80、100 mg/L的条件下,随着活性炭载银量和投炭量的增加, DOC和UV254去除率呈现增加的趋势;单位质量的载银活性炭对UV254和DOC的去除率随投炭量的增加而下降,投炭量80 mg/L、载银量0.50%符合出水水质要求;载银粉末活性炭可以更有效地去除紫外区类腐殖质物质;吸附时间20 min时达到吸附平衡,活性炭在酸性条件下更有利于对有机物的吸附.载银活性炭对膜污染的控制较好,超滤膜经反洗后膜通量恢复较好,膜污染指数增长缓慢.     

两墨辊对滚过程中相邻墨区间的影响

对两墨辊的对滚转动进行了模拟仿真分析,旨在研究相邻墨区之间的相互作用,以及主动辊的串动对油墨流动特性的影响.为此,以相邻5个墨区进行仿真分析.对中间墨区墨量等于、小于和大于相邻墨区3种情况下墨辊的对滚转动模拟仿真,以对比分析相邻墨区对中间墨区的影响.分析得出,在两墨辊对滚转动的过程中,相邻墨区之间相互作用,使得墨辊上油墨流场的压力、轴向速度、墨层厚度都受到影响.对主动辊有轴向串动时,分析中间墨区的压力、轴向速度、墨层厚度可知,主动辊的串动增大了相邻墨区之间的相互影响.     

育果袋纸生产工艺改造及成本分析

与传统育果袋纸生产方法相比,采用印刷法生产育果袋纸具有生产效率高、环境友好等特点.在前期研究基础上,本文探讨了印刷法生产育果袋纸工艺设备的改造方案,可实现育果袋纸原纸生产与后续印刷过程连续化的目的.此外,还对以不同原料采用传统生产工艺——层合法制备育果套袋纸和以OCC为原料采用印刷法制备育果套袋纸的生产成本进行了比较.改造结果表明:无论采用圆网纸机或长网纸机,通过对设备进行简单地调整或增加印刷单元,即可实现印刷法育果套袋纸工艺的连续化生产;原料成本核算结果表明:以废旧瓦楞纸板纸浆为原料采用印刷法制备育果袋纸,其成本虽与传统方法相当,但却提高了生产效率,降低了环境污染.因此,若在今后的研究中,能够研究开发出适合育果袋纸生产的低成本油墨,对于育果袋纸产业而言具有较大的借鉴意义.     

胶体微球墨水的pH值与自组装结构生色的相关性研究

研究胶体微球墨水的pH值对自组装结构生色和墨水稳定性能的影响。采用三维视频显微镜、DigiEye数慧眼系统、场发射扫描电镜（FE-SEM）和纳米粒度及分子量分析仪分别对胶体微球自组装产生的结构色、光子晶体结构的规整性以及胶体微球墨水的存放稳定性进行表征,并就相关影响因素进行分析。结果表明,胶体微球墨水的pH对自组装结构生色及墨水的存放稳定性均有显著影响,在pH为7~8时,胶体微球墨水具有较好的稳定性,且自组装光子晶体结构色的色彩艳丽。     

Surface plasmon resonance-induced Ag-BaTiO3 composites for catalytic performance

Ferroelectric BaTiO₃ was combined with Ag nanoparticles for piezocatalytic and photocatalytic viewpoints. Microstructural characterization (X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy images) revealed that the Ag was successfully bounded with BaTiO₃. X-ray photoelectron spectrum also confirmed the presence of Ag. Further, its performance was examined for dye degradation under visible light (for photocatalysis) and ultrasonication (for piezocatalysis). In both the catalysis processes, there was a significant improvement in Ag-loaded BaTiO₃ sample-based catalytic reactions. Catalytic performance was evaluated for multiple cycles and was found consistent. Scavenger tests were also performed to understand catalytic reactions.     

One pot synthesis of nano Ag in calcium alginate beads and its catalytic application in p‐Nitrophenol reduction with kinetic parameter estimation and model fitting

In this work, one step process of synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Agnp) embedded in insitu formed calcium alginate (CA) beads is stated. CA, formed from the reaction between sodium alginate and calcium hydroxide, acts as reducing and stabilizing agent as well as support for nanoparticles. The reaction mechanism for the formation and stabilization of Agnp is proposed where the vicinal dihydroxy groups of alginate are assumed to act as the reducing agent for Ag⁺ to Ag°. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), x‐ray diffraction (XRD), UV‐vis spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) were used to characterize the Agnp. The formation of spherical nanoparticles with average size range of 4‐5 nm was confirmed by TEM. Catalytic activity of this nano silver‐calcium alginate (Agnp‐CA) composite was evaluated in the reduction of p‐nitrophenol. Concentrations of sodium alginate, calcium hydroxide, and AgNO₃ are found to be the parameters that critically affect the synthesis of Agnp. The efficacy of the catalyst is expressed on the basis of suitable reaction parameters. Both pseudo‐homogeneous and heterogeneous kinetic models are proposed for the reaction to find the best model and the Eley‐Riedel model is found to fit well with the experimental data. The novelty of this work is that the tandem process of CA bead formation, Agnp formation, and Agnp entrapment in CA have been transformed into a single‐step process. Moreover, elaborations of each step of the ionic mechanisms of Agnp formation and p‐NP reduction with Agnp and the establishment of a heterogeneous kinetic model for the reaction are reported for the first time here.     

Removal behavior and mechanism of silver from low concentration wastewater using cellulose aerogel modified by thiosemicarbazide

Due to the low concentration of silver in water, most of the cellulose adsorbents exhibited low removal efficiency, which greatly limited their practical applications. Herein, a cellulose aerogel modified by thiosemicarbamide (CAT) was fabricated for reducing and adsorbing silver ions from low concentration wastewater. The characterization results concluded that CAT owned a three-dimensional spongy structure with many circular microspheres and a better specific surface area (19.37 m² g⁻¹), as well as the functional groups of ─C═N⁺─H and ─(C═S)─N. The static batch adsorption experiments demonstrated that CAT could reached the maximum removal percentage of 94.94% and adsorption capacity of 42.12 mg g⁻¹ under the initial concentration of Ag(I) was 15 mg L⁻¹ and the pH value was 7. Meanwhile, the adsorption of Ag(I) on CAT was second-order reaction, and the Langmuir model could better fit the adsorption process. In addition, CAT exhibited wide pH values (1–9) adaptability and excellent adsorption performance for silver through electrostatic interaction, chelation, and reduction. This study probably provides a new method as well as important experimental data and theoretical reference for the removal of silver ions and other metals.     

直流电弧等离子体法制备超细Ag粉研究

采用自行研制的高真空双枪直流电弧金属纳米粉连续制备设备,制备了高纯度的超细银粉,并采用正交试验的方法研究了各工艺参数对粉体产率及粒径分布的影响。利用X射线衍射（XRD）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）和相应选区电子衍射（SAED）以及Simple PCI软件对样品的成分、形貌、晶体结构和粒径分布进行了分析。结果表明：所得银粉纯净无污染,属多晶型结构,平均粒径在38-220nm范围内,粒径分布窄;最大产率比同类研究结果提高了近17倍;电流和充气压力分别是影响产率和粒径分布的显著性因素。     

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND MICROSTRUCTURES OF Al-Mg-Li-Zr ALLOYS-CONTAINING SILVER

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PREPARATION OF SILVER POWDER FOR CONDUCTIVE PASTE

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