光伏组件作为建筑表皮时的美学语言

以建筑美学作为了解光伏建筑设计的切入点,利用设计学三大构成分析光伏组件的美学特性,进行运用形式美规律分析组件与建筑设计的一些处理手法,以期为涉足光伏建筑领域的设计师提供参考。     

圆锥形中空夹层钢管约束混凝土短柱轴向局压力学性能分析

为研究圆锥形中空夹层钢管约束混凝土短柱在轴向局压下的力学性能,建立有限元计算分析模型,并得到试验验证。在此基础上分析钢管与夹层混凝土的组合作用及短柱的破坏形态,同时研究各重要参数对其荷载-位移曲线的影响。     

利用皮肤模型研究不同分子量透明质酸的抗刺激作用

将十二烷基硫酸钠(SLS)和不同分子量的透明质酸(HA)共同作用于人永生化表皮细胞(HaCaT)和3D皮肤模型,作用24 h后通过MTT比色法检测细胞活性,利用ELISA方法检测培养液中人白细胞介素(IL-1α)的水平,并进行组织学观察细胞形态。研究在不同实验模型中,不同分子量HA影响SLS对细胞的损伤和释放IL-1α的差异。结果表明,皮肤模型可用于HA的体外抗皮肤刺激作用的研究,实验结果更接近人体实际使用情况以及能提供更多的机制信息。     

Development and Validation of an Artificial Mechanical Skin Model for the Study of Interactions between Skin and Microneedles

Microneedles are small needle‐like structures that are almost invisible to the naked eye. They have an immense potential to serve as a valuable tool in many medical applications, such as painless vaccination. Microneedles work by breaking through the stratum corneum, the outermost barrier layer of the skin, and providing a direct path for drug delivery into the skin. A lot of research has been presented over the past two decades on the applications of microneedles, yet the fundamental mechanism of how they interact, pressure, and penetrate the skin in its native state is worth examining further. As such, a major difficulty with understanding the mechanism of microneedle–skin interaction is the lack of an artificial mechanical human skin model to use as a standardized substrate. In this research news, the development of an artificial mechanical skin model based on a thorough mechanical study of fresh human and porcine skin samples is presented. The artificial mechanical skin model can be used to study the mechanical interactions between microneedles and skin, but not diffusion of molecules across skin. This model can assist in improving the performance of microneedles by enhancing the reproducibility of microneedle depth insertions for optimal drug delivery and biosensing.

     

Influence of furfuryl moulding sand on flake graphite formation in surface layer of ductile iron castings

The influence of the use of moulding sand with furan resin, prepared both with fresh sand and reclaimed matrix, on the formation of a flake graphite formation at the surface layer of ductile iron castings has been investigated. A series of experimental heats of ductile iron cast in moulds made of moulding sand characterised by different levels of surface active elements (sulphur, oxygen) were performed. The effect of the wall thickness and the initial temperature of the metal in the mould cavity on the formation of flake graphite in the surface layer of the casting is shown in the paper. Investigations carried out by means of scanning electron microscopy (energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and wavelength dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) showed concentration of gradient profiles of surface active elements in the castings surface layer, which are responsible for their quality. Finally, it has been shown that there exists a significant effect of the quality of the sand on the formation of the flake graphite layer and the surface characteristics of ductile iron castings.     

Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis: Pathogenesis,Genetic Background,Clinical Variants and Therapy

Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) is a severe, usually drug-related reaction, characterized by an acute onset of mainly small non-follicular pustules on an erythematous base and spontaneous resolution usually within two weeks. Systemic involvement occurs in about 20% of cases. The course is mostly benign, and only in rare cases complications lead to life-threatening situations. Recent studies highlight the importance of genetic variations in interleukin-36 receptor antagonist gene (IL-36RN) in the pathogenesis of this disease. The physiopathology of AGEP remains unclear, but an involvement of innate and acquired immune cells together with resident cells (keratinocytes), which recruit and activate neutrophils via production of cytokines/chemokines such as IL-17, IL-36, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 8 (CXCL8)/IL-8, has been postulated. Treatment is based on the removal of the causative drug, supportive care, infection prevention and use of potent topical or systemic steroids.     

复方甘草酸苷对PPD患者抗菌肽LL-37的表达及临床预后的影响

目的:观察复方甘草酸苷对着色紫癜性皮肤病（pigmented purpuric dermatosis,PPD）患者抗菌肽LL-37的表达及其对患者临床预后的影响。方法:选取本院2015年4月到2018年4月间收治的54例PPD患者为研究对象,随机抽签将其分为观察组和对照组,每组27例,另外选取30例正常受试者作为正常组。对照组口服甲泼尼龙片、皮损处涂抹氟芬那酸丁酯软膏进行治疗;观察组在此基础上给予口服复方甘草酸苷片治疗;正常组不做任何治疗处理,1个月后进行观察评价。比较观察组和对照组患者的疗效、不良反应发生率及复发率,比较三组血清中LL-37水平与皮损处LL-37水平以及三组血清TNF-α、IL-6、IL-17炎性因子水平。结果:治疗前,观察组和对照组患者血清LL-37水平、皮损处LL-37水平以及血清TNF-α、IL-6、IL-17水平比较无明显差异（P>0.05）,治疗后,两组患者血清LL-37水平、皮损处LL-37水平与血清TNF-α、IL-6、IL-17水平均显著降低（P<0.05）,且观察组血清LL-37水平、皮损处LL-37水平与血清TNF-α、IL-6、IL-17水平均明显低于对照组（P<0.05）。观察组治疗有效率为70.37%,显著高于对照组51.85%（P<0.05）;观察组不良反应发生率为18.52%,略低于对照组33.33%,但差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;观察组复发率为11.11%,略低于对照组18.52%,但差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论:复方甘草酸苷能够降低PPD患者体内抗菌肽LL-37的表达水平,减轻炎性反应,同时不良反应发生率和复发率更低,疗效及安全性更佳,值得临床推广。     

间充质干细胞源性外泌体及其在创面修复中的研究进展

外泌体（exosomes）是细胞分泌的膜性囊泡,其作为干细胞旁分泌因子参与了创面修复。该文对近年间充质干细胞外泌体促进创面修复的研究进展进行综述,外泌体通过调控炎症反应、促进细胞增殖及血管再生、调控细胞外基质重塑及抑制瘢痕形成等多种途径全面地参与了创面修复。工程化干细胞可提高其外泌体功效和产量,为外泌体临床应用带来了巨大的潜力和优势。     

一种新的电磁轨道炮电感梯度计算方法

针对现有文献对速度趋肤效应影响下的电磁轨道炮电感梯度研究不足的问题,从毕奥-萨伐尔定律出发,提出一种新的电感梯度计算方法。指出文献给出的4种电感梯度计算方法的缺点与不足,将轨道中电流假设为均匀分布于轨道的内表面及上、下表面,采用文中方法与文献给出4种计算方法对电感梯度进行分析,并将其计算值与ANSYS仿真及实验得到的电感梯度值进行对比。结果表明:该方法与文献给出4种计算方法所得计算值的变化趋势较为一致,但方法得到的电感梯度值较为接近,具有形式简单、计算准确的优点。