乙酸苄酯的合成新工艺研究

报道了合成乙酸苄酯的新工艺 ,以有机溶剂丙酸丁酯作为反应介质 ,三乙胺为催化剂 ,合成了乙酸苄酯。产品收率可达 99 1%,产品纯度 >99 5 %,溶剂可反复回收使用。     

一种合成二烃基硒醚的新方法

在固体氢氧化钠存在下，卤代烃及硼氢化钠与硒粉作用，在乙醇溶液中制得二烃基硒醚。     

End-capped polystyrene with 8-hydroxyquinoline group by ATRP method

8-Hydroxyqunioline end-capped polystyrene was prepared through atom transfer free radical polymerization (ATRP) with 8-(5-chloromethyl) quinolyl acetate as initiator. The results indicated that this polymerization is a first order reaction with respect to monomer conversion. The molecular weight increased linearly with monomer consumption and very narrow distribution of molecular weight was obtained (polydispersity index less than 1.2). The FT-IR and NMR results show that the 8-hydroxyquinloine group was chemically bonded to the polymer end and there is nearly one 8-hydroxyquinoline group in per polymer chain. All those data show that polymerization of styrene at such conditions displayed living characters. The polymer with 8-hydroxyqquinoline end group reacted with triethylaluminum to form polymeric light-emitting complex and single layer LED was prepared by common spin-coating method. The peak wavelength of LED based on synthesized polymeric complex was around 570 nm.     

过硼酸钠在有机合成中新的应用

介绍了过硼酸钠在有机合成中的一些新的应用。综述了过硼酸钠与芳胺、芳酰胺、有机硼化物、醛等化合物的氧化,取代、酯化反应。     

N,N′-乙撑双[N(乙磺酸钠)-十二酰胺]的合成与性能评价

以乙二胺、2-氯乙基磺酸钠、月桂酸等为原料合成了N,N′-乙撑双[N(乙磺酸钠)-十二酰胺](简记为DTM-12)。以IR和1HNMR对其结构进行了初步表征。该目标产物水溶液的CMC(0.5 mmol/L)分别是十二烷基硫酸钠和十二烷基磺酸钠的1/16和1/20,γCMC(29.7 mN/m)低8~9 mN/m。DTM-12分别与十二烷基三甲基溴化铵(DTAB)和辛基酚聚乙氧基醚9-10EO(Triton X-100)组成的复配体系在摩尔比为3∶7时,CMC达到0.106和0.049 mmol/L,γCMC达到25.4和31.7 mN/m,优于十二烷基磺酸钠组成的复配体系。DTM-12还具有良好的起泡性和稳泡性。     

固体超强酸S_2O_8~(2-)/Fe_2O_3—CoO催化合成乙酸异戊酯

制备固体超强酸催化剂S2O82-/Fe2O3—CoO,并用于乙酸异戊酯合成反应。用该催化剂通过正交试验合成乙酸异戊酯的最佳条件为:醇酸物质的量比为1.5,催化剂用量为0.8 g(以0.2 mol乙酸为准),带水剂用量为10 mL,反应时间为2.5 h,其酯化率可达98%以上。     

无机物——聚醋酸乙烯复合乳液粒子结构及主要性能

本文对均聚醋酸乙烯乳液及其与无机物的混合物,无机物——聚醋酸乙烯复合乳液的粒子结构进行了比较,阐述了复合乳液的主要性能。     

Catalytic hydrogenation of nitrile rubber using palladium and ruthenium complexes

The catalytic hydrogenation of acrylonitrile‐butadiene copolymer (nitrile rubber, NBR) using Pd(OAc)₂ or RuCl₂(PPh₃)₃ catalysts has been investigated in order to produce a totally saturated nitrile rubber. The hydrogenation of NBR is effective with both catalysts and achieved total conversion under the appropriate reaction conditions. In the case of palladium the effects of reaction parameters such as reaction temperature, pressure, time, catalyst concentration, and NBR concentration have been investigated. Even though both ruthenium‐ and palladium‐based catalysts are effective in the production of HNBR, the former requires harsh reaction conditions and has the drawback of gel formation under high conversion, motivating the migration to RuCl₂ (PPh₃)₃ as an alternative catalyst. The degree of hydrogenation was determined by IR and NMR spectroscopy. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007     

采用变压精馏回收共沸剂的正丙醇-水共沸精馏模拟研究

本文研究了一种分离正丙醇-水的新型共沸精馏工艺,通过变压精馏的方法对夹带剂乙酸乙酯进行回收。本研究采用Aspen—Plus软件中的RADFRAC精馏模块,以NRTL活度系数方程和Hayden-O'connell逸度方程为热力学模型对本工艺流程进行模拟,讨论了塔板数、进料位置、进料量、回流比和进料温度等参数对产物精馏和共沸剂回收的分离效果的影响,优化得出最佳工艺参数。结果表明,当精馏塔的塔板数为40块,进料位置为34板,回流比为8,夹带剂与进料比为0.9:常压回收塔的塔板数为20块,进料位置为4板,回流比为0.1,减压回收塔和常压回收塔的压力分别设定为0.2 aim和1 atm时,产物正丙醇的纯度为99.22 mol%,回收的共沸剂纯度达到99.87 mo1%,本文对正丙醇的工业生产具有一定指导意义。     

Thermal decomposition behavior of γ‐irradiated poly(vinyl acetate)/poly(methyl methacrylate) miscible blends

Miscible polymer blends based on various ratios of poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were prepared in film form by the solution casting technique using benzene as a common solvent. The thermal decomposition behavior of these blends and their individual homopolymers before and after γ‐irradiation at various doses (50–250 kGy) was investigated. The thermogravimetric analysis technique was utilized to determine the temperatures at which the maximum value of the rate of reaction (T_max) occurs and the kinetic parameters of the thermal decomposition. The rate of reaction curves of the individual homopolymers or their blends before or after γ‐ irradiation displayed similar trends in which the T_max corresponding to all polymers was found to exist in the same position but with different values. These findings and the visual observations of the blend solutions and the transparency of the films gave support to the complete miscibility of these blends. Three transitions were observed along the reaction rate versus temperature curves; the first was around 100–200°C with no defined T_max, which may arise from the evaporation of the solvent. The second T_max was in the 340–380°C range, which depended on the polymer blend and the γ‐irradiation condition. A third transition was seen in the rate of reaction curves only for pure PVAc and its blends with PMMA with ratios up to 50%, regardless of γ‐ irradiation. We concluded that γ‐irradiation improved the thermal stability of PVAc/PMMA blends, even though the PMMA polymer was degradable by γ irradiation. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 99: 1773–1780, 2006