PP/PA6/OMMT纳米复合材料的非等温结晶动力学

采用熔融插层法制备了聚丙烯(PP)/尼龙6(PA6)/蒙脱土(OMMT)纳米复合物材料,并用差示扫描量热法(DSC)对体系的非等温结晶动力学进行了研究.结果表明,PA6和OMMT的加入,对PP有异相成核的作用,能提高PP的结晶速率和结晶度;运用莫志深方法处理纯PP和PP/PA6/OMMT复合材料的非等温结晶动力学,结果...     

尼龙612的等温结晶动力学

用差示扫描量热(DSC)研究了尼龙612的等温结晶动力学.实验结果表明,在所研究的等温结晶温度范围内(184℃、186℃、188℃、190℃、192℃),尼龙612达到最大结晶速率时的时间、半结晶期和动力学结晶速率常数分别为:O.12min、0.19 min、0.22 min、0.29 min、0.59 min;0.1...     

Thin films of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 and ordered vacancy compound prepared by thermal crystallization and their photovoltaic applications

Thin films of Cu–In–Ga–Se alloy system with various composition were prepared by thermal crystallization from In/CuInGaSe/In precursor. Electron probe microanalysis and X-ray diffraction study revealed that these samples were assigned to chalcopyrite Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ or ordered vacancy compound Cu(In,Ga)₂Se_3.5. Solar cell with ZnO:Al/i–ZnO/CdS/Cu(In,Ga)Se₂/Mo/soda-lime glass substrate structure was fabricated by using thermal crystallization technique, and demonstrated a 9.58% efficiency without AR-coating.     

Enhanced Performance Consistency in Nanoparticle/TIPS Pentacene‐Based Organic Thin Film Transistors

In this study, inorganic silica nanoparticles are used to manipulate the morphology of 6,13‐bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)‐pentacene (TIPS pentacene) thin films and the performance of solution‐processed organic thin‐film transistors (OTFTs). This approach is taken to control crystal anisotropy, which is the origin of poor consistency in TIPS pentacene based OTFT devices. Thin film active layers are produced by drop‐casting mixtures of SiO₂ nanoparticles and TIPS pentacene. The resultant drop‐cast films yield improved morphological uniformity at ～10% SiO₂ loading, which also leads to a 3‐fold increase in average mobility and nearly 4 times reduction in the ratio of measured mobility standard deviation (μ_Stdev) to average mobility (μ_Avg). Grazing‐incidence X‐ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopy as well as polarized optical microscopy are used to investigate the nanoparticle‐mediated TIPS pentacene crystallization. The experimental results suggest that the SiO₂ nanoparticles mostly aggregate at TIPS pentacene grain boundaries, and 10% nanoparticle concentration effectively reduces the undesirable crystal misorientation without considerably compromising TIPS pentacene crystallinity.     

分子印迹固相萃取/毛细管电泳法同时测定水中酚

采用悬浮聚合方法合成了分子印迹高分子微球,建立了分子印迹固相萃取/毛细管电泳同时测定水样中苯酚、间苯二酚和对硝基苯酚的新方法。在优化的固相萃取条件下,模板分子获得了95%的吸附率和较高的富集倍数(33倍)。在一定浓度范围内3,种酚均呈现良好的线性关系(r≥0.999 2),方法检出限为0.048 8～0.809μg/kg,回收率为87.2%～100.4%,日内(n=5)、日间(n=3)精密度(RSD)分别为(1.89%～5.63%)(、6.91%～8.14%)。该方法简便、快速、准确,适用于环境水中酚类物质的测定。     

动压作用下敏化剂对乳化炸药析晶量的影响

利用水下爆炸测试系统,对乳化炸药药包进行动压加载,测出动压作用前后乳化炸药药包水中爆炸冲击波压力大小,计算出压力减敏程度,并利用水溶法测量了乳化炸药在动压作用前后析晶量的大小,用析晶量的大小来表征乳化炸药的破乳程度,分析了敏化剂的含量和类型对乳化炸药破乳程度的影响。实验结果表明：在相同的动压作用下,乳化炸药的析晶量随着...     

利用同步晶化法制备的镍纳米晶的电荷存储特性

快速退火纳米晶化法是目前常用的金属纳米晶制备方法,但其后续600~900℃高温退火会降低器件的电学特性和可靠性。本文提出了热预算低的金属纳米晶制备的新方法—沉积过程中的同步金属薄膜原位纳米晶化法,可以省掉后续单独的退火处理工艺,使金属薄膜同步产生纳米晶化,降低工艺热功耗及简化工艺,从而有效地改善上述薄膜沉积后退火纳米晶化法的不足。在不同衬底温度（250~325 ?C）下,利用同步纳米晶化法制备镍纳米晶存储器。随着生长温度的增加,其存储窗口先增加到最大值再降低。衬底温度为300 ?C时,其存储窗口（2.78 V）最大。与快速热退火法镍纳米晶存储器相比较,同步纳米晶化法制备镍纳米晶存储器具有更强的电荷存储能力。另外,研究了不同操作电压和脉冲时间下器件的平带电压偏移量,当操作电压增加到±10 V时出现了较大的平带电压偏移量,这表明器件发生了大量的载流子（电子和空穴）注入现象。最后,模拟了金属纳米晶存储器的载流子（电子和空穴）注入和释放过程。     

Properties and applications of α-galactosidase in agricultural waste processing and secondary agricultural process industries

Agriculture products form the foundation building blocks of our daily lives. Although they have been claimed to be renewable resources with a low carbon footprint, the agricultural community is constantly challenged to overcome two post-harvest bottlenecks: first, farm bio-waste, a substantial economic and environmental burden to the farming sector, and second, an inefficient agricultural processing sector, plagued by the need for significant energy input to generate the products. Both these sectors require extensive processing technologies that are demanding in their energy requirements and expensive. To address these issues, an enzyme(s)-based green chemistry is available to break down complex structures into bio-degradable compounds that source alternate energy with valuable by-products and co-products. α-Galactosidase is a widespread class of glycoside hydroxylases that hydrolyzes α-galactosyl moieties in simple and complex oligo and polysaccharides, glycolipids, and glycoproteins. As a result of its growing importance, in this review we discuss the source of the enzyme, production and purification systems, and enzyme properties. We also elaborate on the enzyme's potential in agricultural bio-waste management, secondary agricultural industries like sugar refining, soymilk derivatives, food and confectionery, and animal feed processing. Insight into this vital enzyme will provide new avenues for less expensive green chemistry-based secondary agricultural processing and agricultural sustainability. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.     

基质固相分散-气质联用法测定荞头中多种拟除虫菊酯类农药残留量

试样中加入石墨化碳黑-XAD-2担体（质量比1：1），分散混匀，再用丙酮-正己烷（体积比1：2）提取，提取液浓缩后用GC-MS测定，外标法定量。当添加水平为0．025mg／kg-1.0mg／kg时，方法回收率在72．1％-127．8％之间。RSD为1．5％-16．6％，检出限是0．025mg／kg-0．060mg／kg。采用保留时间和选择监视离子丰度比对阳性样品进行确证。该法简便、快速、灵敏，各项技术指标均满足残留检测的要求。     

添加Mo元素对Fe40Co40Zr9B10Ge1合金晶化过程和磁性能影响

采用单辊快淬法制备Fe40Co40Zr9B10Ge1和Fe40Co40Zr5Mo4B10Ge1两种非晶合金,并在不同温度下对其进行热处理。利用XRD和VSM两种仪器对合金的微观结构和磁性能进行测试分析,研究Mo添加对Fe40Co40Zr9B10Ge1合金晶化过程和磁性能的影响。结果表明,两种合金在晶化初期均有α-Fe(Co)相从非晶基体析出,但高温热处理后的晶化产物不同,Mo添加减少了高温金属化合物的含量。低于675℃热处理,Mo添加降低了合金晶化过程中析出α-Fe(Co)相的晶粒尺寸和合金的矫顽力。