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我国的西气东输工程从新疆塔里木油田到上海，管线长度达4000公里，为确保对长江三角洲地区安全稳定的供气，就必须在长江三角洲地区建设地下储气库，从而保证在管线故障期间应急供气，同时利用地下储气库调节冬季和夏季用气量的差异，保证长输管线的高效、平稳运行。在长江三角洲地区经地库址选择，目前准备将常州盆地的金坛盐矿用以建设地下储气库。盐穴地下储气库主要选择在盐层或盐兵上，利用水溶方式形成地下溶腔进行储气，选择合适的建库地址要结合地质、水、工程等诸多因素，造腔过程中需要采取一系列控制技术，在造腔过程中还要及时采取声纳测井技术进行跟踪监测，造腔过程的检测及腔体完成后的密封安全性检测是气库能否投入运行的关键。     

Nodally exact Ritz discretizations of 1D diffusion–absorption and Helmholtz equations by variational FIC and modified equation methods

This article presents the first application of the Finite Calculus (FIC) in a Ritz-FEM variational framework. FIC provides a steplength parametrization of mesh dimensions, which is used to modify the shape functions. This approach is applied to the FEM discretization of the steady-state, one-dimensional, diffusion–absorption and Helmholtz equations. Parametrized linear shape functions are directly inserted into a FIC functional. The resulting Ritz-FIC equations are symmetric and carry a element-level free parameter coming from the function modification process. Both constant- and variable-coefficient cases are studied. It is shown that the parameter can be used to produce nodally exact solutions for the constant coefficient case. The optimal value is found by matching the finite-order modified differential equation (FOMoDE) of the Ritz-FIC equations with the original field equation. The inclusion of the Ritz-FIC models in the context of templates is examined. This inclusion shows that there is an infinite number of nodally exact models for the constant coefficient case. The ingredients of these methods (FIC, Ritz, MoDE and templates) can be extended to multiple dimensions     

Enhancement effect of organic solvents on the line intensity of lower power argon ICP-AES：Part I On the nebulization procedure

The procedure of nebulization was studied with the introduction of ethanol into a lower power argon ICE It was found that as ethanol introduced, the physical properties of solutions changed, which results in an improvement on the nebulization efficiency. An empirical relationship between the concentration of the aerosol and the solution properties ( viscosity, density, and surface tension) is presented.     

Electrochemical noise analysis for estimation of corrosion rate of carbon steel in bicarbonate solution

We have investigated the electrochemical noise behavior of carbon steel in fully deaerated aqueous bicarbonate solutions, and discussed the optimum conditions of the noise analysis for estimating corrosion rate of the steel. Noise of the potential difference and of the short-circuit current between two identical steel coupons were successfully measured. The time-series noise patterns were transformed into frequency domain by fast Fourier transformation, and then their power spectrum densities (PSDs) at a frequency were determined to be compared with the corrosion rate. The PSDs of the potential and of the current varied with changing environmental factors of bicarbonate concentration, pH, and immersion time. The factors also controlled the corrosion rate of the steel. The PSDs were associated with the corrosion rate, and then it was found that the PSDs of the potential and of the current showed linear correlation with the corrosion rate in log-log scale. There was also linear relationship between the corrosion rate and a spectral noise resistance obtained from the PSDs of the potential and the current. The linearities of the three correlations were better at a lower analyzed frequency. Furthermore, the PSDs of the current and the noise resistance indicated more linear correlation with the corrosion rate than that of the potential. As the simplicity of the measurement system is additionally considered, it is concluded that the PSD of the current noise at an analyzed frequency of 3 mHz is the optimum conditions for estimating the corrosion rate from 10⁻² to 10⁰ A m⁻² in this study.     

佛尔哈德法测定氯化除汞上清液中的氯量

控制pH4-6，用锌粉还原氯化除汞上清液中的汞（Ⅱ）离子，取置换后液加入过量的硝酸银标准溶液，以硫酸铁铵溶液作指示剂，用硫氰酸钾标准滴定溶液滴定来测定氯量。该方法的检出限：0．25mg／100mL，回收率：98％-101％。     

带化学反应的膛口温度场方程分歧解

提出膛口系统是一种准耗散结构，并分析了符合耗散结构的条件，在分析分歧解线性稳定性的基础上，使用高维定态投影解定态分歧解，分歧解与实验结果吻合较好。     

Effect of chloride ions on immersion plating of copper onto porous silicon from a methanol solution

The effect of chloride ions (Cl⁻) during the immersion plating of copper onto porous silicon (PS) from a methanol (MeOH) solution has been studied. The presence of Cl⁻ in the Cu²⁺ solution was found to slow down the rate of copper deposition, as confirmed by inductively coupled argon plasma emission spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements. The threshold concentration of Cl⁻ at which the deposition of copper is very severely diminished was found to be 0.1 M. The inhibition effect is discussed on the basis of the rest potential values of PS and polarization curve measurements. They revealed that the rest potential of PS upon dipping in these solutions appears to direct the metal deposition. Current density-potential curves show that at Cl⁻ concentrations higher than 0.1 M, the reduction of Cu ions proceeds in two steps; the reduction of Cu(II) to Cu(I) followed by the reduction of Cu(I) to Cu(0). This suggests that Cu(I) species in MeOH solution can be stable over a certain potential range and this stability of Cu(I) is responsible for the inhibition of metal deposition. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were also performed to investigate the structural changes and characterizations of PS samples after the plating process.     

从氯化铅渣中回收铅铋的研究

本文以柿竹园有色金属矿粗铋火法精炼、气化除铅产出的铅渣为原料，在常压下采用氯化钠水溶液进行浸出处理，有效地分离了铅和铋，并将铅制成了化工产品黄丹及硫酸铅     

Exact solution of elasto-plastic stresses in a metal-matrix composite beam of arbitrary orientation subjected to transverse loads

An analytical elasto-plastic stress analysis is presented for a metal-matrix composite beam of arbitrary orientation subjected to a single transverse force applied to the free end of the beam and a uniformly distributed load. The material is assumed to be perfectly plastic in the elasto-plastic solution. A composite consisting of stainless-steel-reinforced aluminum was produced for this work. Sample problems are given for various orientation angles. Elastic, elastoplastic and residual normal and shear stresses are calculated. The location of the elasto-plastic boundary of the beam is obtained according to the x coordinates of the beam.     

Hastelloy B-2封头加工

HastelloyB - 2是哈氏合金中最难制造和加工的镍基合金之一 ,尤其是化工容器中的封头 ,其制作工艺过程较复杂 ,这种材料较昂贵 ,目前在国内化工行业应用很少 ,因此掌握这种材料的制造技术具有重要的意义 ,本文阐述了HastelloyB - 2封头的坯料焊接、旋压成形、固溶处理及酸洗等工艺过程。