水轮发电机推力轴承甩油的处理

针对小山电站2号机组推力漏油问题,通过加大稳油板尺寸、加装挡油圈内挡油板、改变油位等方法进行了综合性的处理,弥补了推力轴承甩油导致碳刷打火这一重大缺陷,保证了机组的安全稳定运行.     

高架桥声屏障高度对高速列车气动特性的影响

针对现代高速铁路建设中大量采用高架桥的现况,为保证列车安全、舒适、环保运行,给高速铁路建设工程提供参考数据,研究行驶在高架桥上的高速列车气动特性.利用FLUENT模拟单线高架桥声屏障高度对高速列车气动特性的影响.将声屏障分为6种不同高度,不考虑横向风且列车运行速度为200 km/h.地面和高架桥均设为移动壁面边界条件,...     

Thin‐film barriers using transparent conducting oxides for organic light‐emitting diodes

Abstract— This study covers thin‐film barriers using inorganic barriers of transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) such as zinc oxide (ZnO) and indium tin oxide (ITO). The TCOs were fabricated using a sputtering method with a process gas of pure argon at room temperature. ITO showed better properties as a barrier than the ZnO and exhibited the electronic performance necessary to perform additional functions. The ITO has superior barrier performance because it has a lower crack density due to its partial amorphous phase. For organic/inorganic multilayer barriers, the organic underlayer decreased the water‐vapor transmission rate (WVTR) more than the organic upper layer, indicating that the planarization effect was important in reducing the WVTRs. The results of this organic/ITO multilayer barrier study are expected to be useful in finding a practical solution to OLED encapsulation.     

Digital sound broadcasting: Satellites or Terrestrial Networks?

When European laboratories decided to develop a digital sound broadcasting system (DSB), they specified three main conditions to fulfil:

• quality improvement up to the level of ‘CD’ sound, even in difficult reception conditions (mobile vehicles, etc)
• additional significant digital data transmissions in order to transform sound broadcasting into a really new service
• the possibility of a common system for satellite and terrestrial transmissions.

It is on these bases that the European project ‘Eureka 147’ defined the system called DAB (digital audio broadcasting). In 1992, the ITU Conference WARC 92 allocated 40 MHz to DSB in the L-band in the configuration of complementary terrestrial and satellite networks; nevertheless, the present state of technical possibilities makes such mixed networks almost unfeasible and the lack of available spectrum in VHF bands led a significant number of countries to envisage L-band for T-DAB. The situation could turn to a competition between terrestrial and satellite networks, especially because the bandwidth in L-band is not that large! France belongs to the countries facing this problem. L-band alone is intended to be used by T-DAB, and broadcasters taking part in the work of ‘Club DAB’ estimated that 20 MHz would be a minimum to ensure the success of T-DAB introduction. It is half of the DSB band. Splitting this band into two parts has already been decided by CEPT, but in the proportion of 1/3 for T-DAB. This organization intends to arrange a European planning meeting for T-DAB in July 1995, and, shortly after, several countries are ready to start the implementation of the terrestrial networks. At the same time, international broadcasters wonder whether satellite transmission could present an alternative to HF.     

微通道板BeO防离子反馈膜粒子阻透率的模拟研究

带有防离子反馈膜的微通道板是第三代微光像增强器件中的核心部件。文章阐述了防离子反馈膜的电子透过、离子阻止特性,利用Monte-Carlo模拟方法计算了氧化铍和三氧化二铝防离子反馈膜电子透过率和离子阻止率在不同条件下的变化曲线。模拟结果表明,氧化铍薄膜比三氧化二铝薄膜的电子透过特性好,而三氧化二铝薄膜比氧化铍薄膜的离子阻止本领好,证实了氧化铍作为防离子反馈膜的可行性。     

混响噪声下声源定位与跟踪的多特征自适应IMM粒子滤波算法EI北大核心CSCD

针对混响噪声下声源定位精度低和鲁棒性弱等问题,提出了多特征自适应IMM粒子滤波算法.该算法以麦克风接收信号的多特征作为观测信息,采用空时相关和迭代滤波建立了时延选择机制和波束输出能量优化机制,并在两者的基础上构建了似然函数以获得合理的声源位置信息.考虑到说话人运动的随机性,给出了自适应IMM算法,通过在线粒子集生成并将不同过程方差的模型进行交互来拟合说话人的不同运动模式,改善了说话人跟踪系统的稳健性.仿真和实测结果表明,所提算法利用了多特征定位信息的互补性,降低了观测误差不确定性对声源位置估计的影响,增强了随机运动声源跟踪系统的鲁棒性,提高了系统的定位精度.     

Drug self-assembly: A phenomenon at the nanometer scale with major impact in the structure–biological properties relationship and the treatment of disease

Under water-rich conditions, small amphiphilic and hydrophobic drug molecules self-assemble into supramolecular nanostructures. Thus, substantial modifications in their interaction with cellular structures and the ability to reach intracellular targets could happen. Additionally, drug aggregates could be more toxic than the non-aggregated counterparts, or vice versa. Moreover, since self-aggregation reduces the number of effective “monomeric” molecules that interact with the target, the drug potency could be underestimated. In other cases, the activity could be ascribed to the non-aggregated molecule while it stems from its aggregates. Thus, drug self-assembly could mislead from drug throughput screening assays to advanced preclinical and clinical trials. Finally, aggregates could serve as crystallization nuclei. The impact that this phenomenon has on the biological performance of active compounds, the inconsistent and often controversial nature of the published data and the need for recommendations/guidelines as preamble of more harmonized research protocols to characterize drug self-aggregation were main motivations for this review. First, the key molecular and environmental parameters governing drug self-aggregation, the main drug families for which this phenomenon and the methods used for its characterization are described. Then, promising nanotechnology platforms investigated to prevent/control it towards a more efficient drug development process are briefly discussed.     

负梯度声速下特征声线与传播时间快速求解方法

求解特征声线最直接的方法是采用"扫描-插值-迭代"的声线跟踪法,过程较复杂,计算速度较慢。将负梯度声速环境下特征声线的起始掠射角表示为声速、海水深度、声源与接收点相对位置的方程,通过采用量子粒子群算法求解方程直接获得掠射角,进而确定特征声线和传播时间。与声线跟踪法相比,所提出的方法由于不存在数值累计误差和角度插值误差,因此精度更高,另外速度也更快,适合浅海负梯度环境下特征声线与传播时间的快速求解。     

EVA-g-GMA的制备及其对PLA/PHBV共混物性能的影响

通过熔融聚合法先制备了乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(EVA-gGMA),采用红外光谱仪和核磁共振对EVA-g-GMA的结构进行了表征。然后将不同质量分数的EVA-g-GMA加入到聚乳酸/聚(3-羟基丁酸酯-co-3-羟基戊酸酯)(PLA/PHBV)共混物中,对共混物的性能进行研究。结果表明:GMA成功接枝到EVA上,随着EVA-g-GMA加入量的增加,PHBV与PLA的Tg升高,结晶度逐渐下降;分散相在PLA基体中的分散逐渐均匀,粒径减小,相界面渐渐模糊;在EVA-g-GMA加入后,共混物粘度升高,断裂伸长率和冲击强度分别可达290.9%和43.5KJ·m-2,三元共混物的水蒸气阻隔性相对于PLA/PHBV略有下降。综合考虑各种因素,EVA-g-GMA的加入使得PLA/PHBV的整体性能得到极大改善。     

燃气热循环下7YSZ热障涂层的微结构演变与阻抗谱特征

在1250℃燃气热循环条件下,测试热障涂层抗冷热冲击性能,以模拟发动机叶片的启动升温与关闭降温循环过程。采用电化学阻抗谱测试和扫描电镜(SEM)系统研究热循环过程中热生长氧化物(TGO)生长与YSZ陶瓷层微结构演变。结果表明:随着热循环次数增加,热障涂层内TGO不断生长变厚,在中频阶段的阻抗谱响应越来越显著。YSZ陶瓷层内部经历了微裂纹的萌生与扩展两个阶段。经过100次热循环后的YSZ层表现出与喷涂态涂层相似的阻抗特征,表明高温下烧结会使YSZ层产生的微裂纹在短时间内愈合。但经过300次热循环后的YSZ层表现出与喷涂态完全不同的阻抗谱,并随热循环次数增加,YSZ颗粒间隙阻抗值不断增加,表明YSZ内层产生了不可愈合的微裂纹,是导致YSZ层最终失效的主要因素。