AIN陶瓷烧结技术研究进展

氮化铝（AIN）因其具有高热导率，作为基片材料在电子元器件中得到日益重视。本文主要论述了氮化铝陶瓷制备过程中各种烧结参数，包括烧结助剂、烧结气氛、保温时间、常压烧结、热压烧结、微波烧结和等离子烧结等对氮化铝陶瓷性能的影响。并指出可通过合适的AIN粉体制备技术，结合快速烧结方法可得到具有晶粒细小、结构均匀、高致密度和高导热率的AIN陶瓷。     

Measurement of zeolite,silicate, and phosphate in laundry detergent products by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry

This paper reports the development of a method for simultaneously measuring zeolite, silicate, and phosphate in laundry detergent products by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. A sample is decomposed under alkaline oxidative conditions to decompose zeolite, silicate, phosphate, and organic substances. Then hydrochloric acid is added to the decomposed solution to dissolve aluminum hydroxide precipitate before analysis. This sample preparation procedure was investigated by using a total organic carbon analyzer and was confirmed to be applicable to simultaneous measurements of zeolite, silicate, and phosphate. Relative standard deviation for the analysis is less than 2.1%, recovery is more than 99.0%, and the calibration curve gives a correlation coefficient ofR=1.000. The detection limit of this method for aluminum and silicon is 0.1%, and for phosphorus, 0.2% by weight in the product. This method is applicable to various laundry detergent products that contain zeolite, silicate, or phosphate and is five times faster than the three wet chemical methods.     

不同助烧结剂及造孔剂对SiC多孔陶瓷的影响

采用真空烧结方法制备了SiC多孔陶瓷，研究了不同助烧结剂Al2O3-Y2O3、Si以及不同造孔剂丙烯酰胺聚合物、羧甲基纤维素（CMC）对SiC多孔陶瓷形貌和气孔率的影响。结果表明：与Si相比较，Al2O3-Y2O3更有利于促进SiC的烧结；以Al2O3-Y2O3为助烧结剂的试样比以Si为助烧结剂的试样具有较高的气孔率。     

自分散法低温烧成镁铝尖晶石制品的研究

采用金属铝粉氧化大量放热的自分散法与MgO合成镁铝尖晶石和在低温下直接制成高纯镁铝尖晶石制品进行了研究。结果表明：在1400℃温度下可制成镁铝尖晶石制品。     

烧结法制备微晶玻璃过程中晶化和致密化两种典型的关系

以钢渣和粉煤灰为主要原料,采用烧结工艺,制得以透辉石为主晶相的微晶玻璃;通过热分析、X射线衍射、收缩率、扫描电镜等分析方法,阐述了烧结过程中晶化和致密化的关系;详细说明了由于在微晶玻璃热处理过程中二者发生的先后顺序不同,而使微晶玻璃结构和性质不同。     

Reducing the Sintering Temperature for MgO–Al2O3Mixtures by Addition of Cryolite (Na3AlF6)

The preparation of near stoichiometric spinel and alumina-rich spinel composites from Al₂O₃and MgO powders with the addition of Na₃AlF₆up to 4 wt% in the temperature range 700°–1600°C was studied; 98 wt% spinel containing 72 wt% Al₂O₃can be produced from the mixture of 72 wt% (50 at.%) Al₂O₃+ 28 wt% (50 at.%) MgO powders with the addition of 1 wt% Na₃AlF₆fired at 1300°C for 1 h. Spinels containing 81–85 wt% Al₂O₃can be produced from either the mixture of 90 wt% (78 at.%) Al₂O₃+ 10 wt% (22 at.%) MgO or the mixture of 95 wt% (88 at.%) Al₂O₃+ 5 wt% (12 at.%) MgO powders with the addition of 4 wt% Na₃AlF₆in the temperature range 1300°–1600°C by using a torch-flame firing for 3 min, followed by quenching in water, while the same system under slow cooling in a furnace results in spinel containing 74–76 wt% Al₂O₃. Microscopic studies indicate that the alumina-rich spinel composites consist of a continuous majority spinel phase and an isolated minority corundum phase, regardless of slow cooling in a furnace or quenching in water.     

三层结构的氧化锆陶瓷整体烧结研究

对三层结构的ZrO2陶瓷的整体烧结行为进行了较深入的研究,提出了提高三层结构的ZrO2陶瓷整体烧结的措施。研究结果表明:对于三层结构的ZrO2陶瓷,通过采取波浪型界面结构,改进表面层配方,降低升温速率等手段能获得整体烧结性能良好,抗弯强度达到682MPa,硬度15.56GPa的力学性能优良的复合陶瓷材料。     

Feeding rats with liposomes or fish oil differently affects their lipid metabolism

Two n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)‐rich diets differing in their chemical and physical forms were given to rats during 2 wk. Liposomes [phospholipids (PL) organized in bilayer structures] made from a natural marine lipid extract or a mixture of fats containing fish oil [similar fatty acids esterified in triacylglycerols (TAG)] were used. The influence of n‐3 PUFA dietary sources on plasma parameters, i.e. TAG, cholesterol and PL concentrations, was investigated. A similar hypotriglyceridemic effect of n‐3 PUFA from liposomes or fish oil was observed. In contrast, feeding rats with liposomes led to different PL and cholesterol patterns. In the plasma of rats fed liposomes, total cholesterol amounts were positively correlated with PL levels. Liposome and fish oil feedings caused a marked increase in the amounts of n‐3 PUFA, which occurred mainly at the expense of n‐6 PUFA. However, the enrichment in n‐3 PUFA in the different plasma lipid classes differed substantially when ingested in the form of fish oil or liposomes. These results were interpreted in terms of different lipid bioavailability and metabolic fate during the digestive steps and in the liver, with the dietary source.     

Application of pulse discharge sintering (PDS) technique to rapid synthesis of Ti3SiC2 from Ti/Si/C powders

To synthesize Ti₃SiC₂ samples, pulse discharge sintering (PDS) technique was utilized to sinter elemental powders of Ti/Si/C with stoichiometric and off-stoichiometric ratios in a temperature range of 1200–1500 °C. The results showed that high purity Ti₃SiC₂ could not be obtained from the Ti/Si/C powder with molar ratio of 3:1:2, and Ti₃SiC₂ preferred to form at relatively low sintering temperature for a short time. When 5Ti/2Si/3C and 3Ti/1.5Si/2C powders were sintered for 15 min, the TiC content was respectively decreased to 6.4 and 10 wt.% at 1250–1300 °C. The corresponding relative density of the samples sintered from 5Ti/2Si/3C powder was calculated to be as high as 99% at the temperature above 1300 °C. It is suggested that low-temperature rapid synthesis of Ti₃SiC₂ would be possible through the PDS technique, provided that the composition of the starting powders should be adjusted to be off-stoichiometric ratio from 3:1:2.     

Surface modification and physical properties of various UHMWPE‐fiber‐reinforced modified epoxy composites

Two surface modification methods—plasma surface treatment and chemical agent treatment—were used to investigate their effects on the surface properties of ultrahigh‐molecular‐weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibers. In the analyses, performed using electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis, changes in weight, and scanning electron microscope observations, demonstrated that the two fiber‐surface‐modified composites formed between UHMWPE fiber and epoxy matrix exhibited improved interfacial adhesion and slight improvements in tensile strengths, but notable decreases in elongation, relative to those properties of the composites reinforced with the untreated UHMWPE fibers. In addition, three kinds of epoxy resins—neat DGEBA, polyurethane‐crosslinked DGEBA, and BHHBP‐DGEBA—were used as resin matrices to examine the tensile and elongation properties of their UHMWPE fiber‐reinforced composites. From stress/strain measurements and scanning electron microscope observations, the resin matrix improved the tensile strength apparently, but did not affect the elongation. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 655–665, 2007