Microscopic and Macroscopic Growth Rates of Fatigue Cracks in Steels and Alloys under the Influence of Crack Closure

On the basis of the experimental data, we show that the difference between the macroscopic and microscopic fatigue crack growth rates in the second section of the kinetic diagram of fatigue fracture is caused by the effect of crack closure within the limits of its existence. We establish the relationships between the macroscopic and microscopic fatigue crack growth rates and the structure of the material in the second section of the diagram for various values of the load ratio with regard for the effect of crack closure and propose a procedure of examination of the fracture processes in structural materials based on the analysis of microscopic and macroscopic fatigue crack growth rates.     

影响掺矿渣的钢纤维砼强度的主要因素

研究结果表明 :水胶比、胶凝材料用量、钢纤维掺量、矿渣代水泥量对钢纤维砼强度影响显著。当矿渣取代水泥 10 %时 ,钢纤维砼强度最高。经试验选择出一个具有良好和易性和较高强度 (118MPa)的钢纤维砼配合比 ,为掺磨细矿渣的中含量超短异形钢纤维砼的设计和施工提供了试验依据     

无功补偿对远距离供电节能降耗的分析

本文从理论上分析了在不同功率因数下不同供电距离的能耗对比及近年来进行无功补偿的情况,从而说明了无功补偿对远距离供电节能降耗的重要意义。     

佛山市中心组团桥梁群对河道影响的数值分析

在不同频率流量和阻水程度条件下,采用一维明渠非恒定流网河数学模型,分析规划中的佛山市桥梁群对区间河道洪季行洪、枯季水环境的影响,计算洪季不同频率洪峰流量下规划桥梁群对区间河道行洪洪水位、分流比的影响,枯季时规划桥梁群对区间河道过流量、分流比的影响,结果表明,利用一维网河数学模型计算佛山市中心组团规划桥梁群对区间河道断面平均水位、流量和流速的影响,结果有足够的数值精度,是可信的。     

Precision equipment for symmetrical bending— Part 1. The loading system

The design and performance of precision bending equipment for testing straight beams with constant rectangular section under a pure bending moment is described. Part 1 deals with the loading arrangements and Part 2 with the rig for measuring beam deflection. The methods for recording deflection of strain gauges applied on the beam have been described elsewhere.^1–4
The reactions to the deadweight gravity loads are taken via ball bearings. The total bending moment inaccuracy, i.e. the sum of estimated systematic errors and random errors, the latter expressed as the 2Ga confidence interval about the mean (2G_cim), is about ± 25 x. 10^-4%, for 23 tests with a steel beam with 15 mm × 75 mm cross sectional dimensions, loaded to 1-1.5 mm/m strain.
The measuring rig stands on the beam via hardened and polished spherical segment feet and uses a capacitive transducer system with less than 5nm resolution. Various application tasks are described. The total inaccuracy of the measured deflection, i.e. apart from bending moment inaccuracy, is about ± 35 times 10^4% for about 10 reproduced, not repeated, tests with the same steel beam. The deflection for such a beam is of the order of 2 to 4 mm.     

Random errors caused by temperature in magnitude of principal strains evaluated ith 3-element strain gauge rosettes

The effects of the uncertainties associated ith the apparent strain and gauge factor data, given by the manufacturer, in the evaluation of principal strains are examined. Principal strains are obtained by a reduction of the strains measured ith electrical resistance strain gauge rectangular or delta rosettes. The theoretical analysis points out the relevance of the effects caused.     

碾压混凝土穿透型诱导缝不同扩展阶段的强度指标试验研究

在不同削弱度碾压混凝土轴拉试件的穿透型诱导缝周围粘贴了应变片，得到在不同应力状态下诱导缝应变发展规律为：在加载初期，离缝端不同距离的应变发展较为均匀，数值上相差不突出；随着荷载的增加，应变开始出现不均匀发展，离缝端越远，应变变化越缓慢；当接近最大荷载的阶段，缝端应变急速发展，试件瞬间断裂。应变从均匀发展变为不均匀发展，实质上隐含了诱导缝起裂、稳定发展、失稳断裂的整个过程，针对这一试验现象，结合断裂力学理论，建立了诱导缝不同开裂阶段的远场温度应力强度指标模型。     

Production and structural features of a water-soluble polysaccharide from a mutant strain of Agrobacterium sp.

We have developed a mutant strain derived from Agrobacterium sp. ATCC 31750, which produces a water-soluble polysaccharide having potential utility to the food, feed, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. A high concentration of product (15 g/L) is obtained by 48 h cultivation of the mutant strain under optimized fermentation conditions. The water-soluble polysaccharide obtained from cultures of the mutant strain beta82 has Glc:Man:Gal in approximate molar ratios of 5.8:6.7:1.0. The molecular weight of the polysaccharide was determined to be approximately 1000 kDa by HPSEC analysis. Linkage analysis contained 3-Glcp, 3-Manp, terminal Glcp and terminal Manp, as well as a small proportion of 3- and 3,4-Galp, and 4,6-Manp residues. Based on analyses using FT-IR and ¹³C NMR spectrometers, most glycosidic bonds joining these sugar residues are of the α-type, and acetyl groups are apparently attached to the polymer chain at random.     

Formation of composites fabricated by exothermic dispersion reaction in A1-TiO2-B2O3 system

The formation of aluminum matrix composites fabricated by exothermic dispersion reaction in A1-TiO2-B2O3 system was investigated. The thermal analysis results show that the reactions are spontaneous and exothermic. The Gibbs free energy of α-Al2O3 is the lowest among all the combustion products, followed by TiB2 and Al3Ti. It is noted that when the B2O3/TiO2 mole ratio is below 1, the reaction products are composed of particle-like α-Al2O3, TiB2 and rod-like Al3Ti. The α-Al2O3 crystallites, resulting from the reaction between A1 and TiO2 or B2O3, are segregated at the grain boundaries due to a lower wettability with the matrix. SEM micrographs show that rod-like Al3Ti phase distributes uniformly in the matrix. When the BEO3/TiO2 mole ratio is around 1, the Al3Ti phase almost disappears in the composites, and the distribution of α-Al2O3 particulates is improved evidently.     

小波包变换压缩与地震数据处理

探讨了地震数据经小波包变换压缩后对后续处理过程的影响,以及经过某些处理后的数据会对小波包变换压缩产生什么影响等问题。将小波包变换压缩地震数据的结果与快速傅里叶变换压缩地震数据的结果进行了对比,其结果表明:应用小波包变换压缩地震数据,有效信号的损失非常小,压缩比大于快速傅里叶变换的压缩比。在大批量地震数据处理中可以使用小波包变换压缩地震数据。