碎石、沸石和页岩陶粒构建人工湿地的除磷效果

由碎石、页岩陶粒、沸石3种基质和芦苇构建4个潜流湿地处理单元,研究不同处理单元对污水中磷的去除效果。在设计水力停留时间3d,连续进出水的情况下,结果表明碎石单元对污水中总磷的去除效果最好．页岩陶粒单元次之,沸石单元效果最差。栽种芦苇碎石单元对磷去除效果优于不栽种芦苇碎石单元．当进水中磷含量较低时,总磷的去除率随质量浓度升高而升高,总磷的质量浓度升高至一定程度时,去除率开始下降。     

Fabrication of integrated arrays of ultrahigh density magnetic nanowires on glass by anodization and electrodeposition

Integrated nanowire arrays of Fe-Pt, Co-Pt, and Ni-Pt alloys were successfully fabricated on glass substrates by successive anodization and electrodeposition. Porous alumina films, which were formed from an aluminum layers sputter-deposited on glass substrates covered with transparent oxide conductive films, were used as template-electrodes to deposit various magnetic alloys (Fe-Pt, Co-Pt, and Ni-Pt) in the nanopores by a cathodic electrodeposition, thus leading to integrated nanowire arrays with ultrahigh densities of (0.6-2.1) × 10¹⁵ wire m⁻². The as-deposited nanowires of Fe-Pt, Co-Pt, and Ni-Pt alloys are polycrystalline and composed of fine crystals (4-7 nm across) of chemically ordered tetragonal FePt, CoPt, or NiPt phase. The integrated nanowire arrays may be the promising candidate materials for ultrahigh density perpendicular magnetic recording media in terabits per square inch regime, due to the predictable enhanced perpendicular magnetic performance after appropriate annealing.     

激光打孔技术在光伏背板玻璃上的应用

双玻光伏组件以其抗PID性强、防隐裂、防水汽透过、抗蜗牛纹、可靠性优异、轻量化等诸多优点,在晶硅太阳能组件市占比逐步提高。双玻光伏组件用背板玻璃一般需要预留出线孔,光伏背板玻璃的出线孔主要有两种打孔方式:金钢钻上下同步钻孔的模式和激光打孔。激光打孔以其易维护、可异形孔加工、效率高、生产成本低等优势得到各大玻璃厂的认可。通过分析在实际生产中激光打孔出现的打孔缺陷问题,提出了改善措施,有助于工厂的降本增效。     

柔性表面增强拉曼散射基底分析检测农残进展

表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)是基于探针分子的指纹信息(分子振动、转动信息等),可应用于具有灵敏度和特异性分子结构研究的分析技术.SERS借助具有优异的等离子体性能的贵金属纳米材料作为基底,可对单组分或复杂多组分的痕量农药残留物进行分析检测.其中,柔性SERS基底具有孔隙率高、制备成本低、柔韧可折叠弯曲等特点,在复杂样品...     

热处理对钛基体表面电泳沉积GO/HA生物活性涂层的影响

采用电泳沉积法在钛基体表面制备氧化石墨烯(GO)/羟基磷灰石(Ca₁₀(PO₄)₆(OH)₂, HA)复合涂层,通过XRD和SEM等测试手段对不同热处理条件下得到的GO/HA涂层进行表征。研究结果表明,热处理有助于促进涂层中HA结晶度的提高,600℃和800℃的热处理温度并没有导致HA发生热分解,但有可能破坏了涂层中GO的有序晶体结构。GO/HA涂层具有优异的生物活性,但随热处理温度的升高,涂层的润湿性和生物活性下降。热处理过程有利于涂层致密,加强涂层与基体的结合,800℃热处理后的涂层结合强度高达25.31 MPa。     

Concentration dependence of physical properties of low temperature processed ZnO quantum dots thin films on polyethylene terephthalate as potential electron transport material for perovskite solar cell

Colloidal Zinc oxide quantum dots (ZnO QDs) prepared with varying concentrations through precipitation method were deposited on flexible ITO/PET substrates using spin-coating technique. Various characterization tools were utilized to investigate the morphological, structural, electrical and optical properties of the films. The crystallinity of the films was found to improve with increasing ZnO QD concentration (ZQ_C) as evident from the X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) studies. Crystallographic and optical parameters were evaluated and explained in depth. The average nanograin size and bandgap were increased and decreased respectively, from ～5 nm to ～8 nm and 3.29 eV–3.24 eV with an increase in ZQ_C from 10 mg/mL to 70 mg/mL. Columnar structure growth of the films is revealed by AFM results. The films showed decent optical transparency up to 81%. All the ZnO films exhibited n-type semiconducting property as indicated by the electrical measurements with carrier mobility and low resistivity of 12.21–26.63 cm²/Vs and 11.84 × 10^?3 to 13.16 × 10^?3 Ω cm respectively. Based on the experimental findings, ZnO QD nanostructure film grown at 50 mg/mL is envisaged to be a potential candidate for flexible perovskite photovoltaic application.     

基材温度对铟锡氧化物膜结构与电性能的影响

采用阴极磁控溅射法,在不同基片温度条件下镀覆铟锡氧化物（ＩＴＯ）透明导电膜,由Ｘ射线衍射分析试样结构随温度的变化,并测试了样品的方块电阻,电阻率,Ｈａｌｌ迁移率,载流子浓度等电性能和膜层的可见光透过率。     

微波等离子体化学气相沉积工艺对透明金刚石膜质量的影响

在自制的２４５０ＭＨｚ／５ｋＷ不锈钢谐振空型微波等离子体学气相沉积装置中研究了基片预处理和工艺参数对微波等离子体化学气相沉积金刚石膜质量的影响,研究了提高成核密度和沉积速率的方法,用ＳＥＭ,ＸＲＤ,ＦＴＩＲ,Ｒａｍａｎ和ＡＦＭ分析了金刚石膜的质量,结果表明：用纳米金刚石粉研磨单晶基片,在沉积气压６．０ｋＰａ,ＣＨ４／Ｈ２的体积流量比为０．７５％时,可 出红外透光率达６８％,表面粗糙度为１１４．１０     

The Adhesion of Irregularly-shaped 8 μm Diameter Particles to Substrates: The Contributions of Electrostatic and van der Waals Interactions

The forces needed to remove irregularly-shaped, 8 μm diameter, polyester particles from a polyester substrate were measured using an ultracentrifuge. Measurements were also made on a second set of similar particles where nanometer-size silica clusters had been placed on their surfaces. These silica clusters acted as spacers, reducing direct contact between the particle and the substrate. It was found that the separation forces for the bare particles were consistent with predictions of the JKR theory of adhesion, but were much larger than could be accounted for from simple electrostatic interactions associated with either uniformly-charged particles or particles with localized charged patches. It was found, however, that the forces needed to effect separation decreased with increasing silica concentration. For particles with 2% by weight silica clusters on their surfaces, the separation force was only about 5% of the separation forces of the bare particles. At this concentration of silica, the estimates of the separation forces obtained from JKR theory, from the uniformly-charged model, and from the localized-charged-patch model are all about equal. The numerical estimates are consistent with the experimentally-obtained values.