共熔法在玻璃中生长的半导体量子点的电偶极矩

理论分析了共熔法在玻璃中生长的CdSe0.9S0.1半导体量子点在恒定外场作用下的电偶极矩.由于玻璃介质与量子点的互溶,共熔法在玻璃中生长的量子点是球形梯度量子点,其相对介电常数沿径向的变化可以采用指数函数模拟.在球坐标系中通过分离变量法求解电势满足的方程,得到球形梯度量子点的电偶极矩与量子点体积成正比,以及与半导体和玻璃介电常数的定量关系.     

并行高阶矩量法分析大型阵列天线的辐射特性

随着计算机多核技术和计算机集群技术的发展,并行高阶矩量法可以解决复杂大型目标的电磁特性。文中首 先对单个天线单元在高阶矩量法与有限元方法下的结果进行对比,验证了本文方法的正确性和可行性,然后给出了一 个36×12 单元的伞形印刷振子天线阵列的方向图结果,从而说明了本文方法可以处理实际工程中的大规模挑战性问 题。     

High‐Performance Piezoelectric,Pyroelectric, and Triboelectric Nanogenerators Based on P(VDF‐TrFE) with Controlled Crystallinity and Dipole Alignment

Poly(vinylidenefluoride‐co‐trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF‐TrFE)), as a ferroelectric polymer, offers great promise for energy harvesting for flexible and wearable applications. Here, this paper shows that the choice of solvent used to dissolve the polymer significantly influences its properties in terms of energy harvesting. Indeed, the P(VDF‐TrFE) prepared using a high dipole moment solvent has higher piezoelectric and pyroelectric coefficients and triboelectric property. Such improvements are the result of higher crystallinity and better dipole alignment of the polymer prepared using a higher dipole moment solvent. Finite element method simulations confirm that the higher dipole moment results in higher piezoelectric, pyroelectric, and triboelectric potential distributions. Furthermore, P(VDF‐TrFE)‐based piezoelectric, pyroelectric, and triboelectric nanogenerators (NGs) experimentally validate that the higher dipole moment solvent significantly enhances the power output performance of the NGs; the improvement is about 24% and 82% in output voltage and current, respectively, for piezoelectric NG; about 40% and 35% in output voltage and current, respectively, for pyroelectric NG; and about 65% and 75% in output voltage and current for triboelectric NG. In brief, the approach of using a high dipole moment solvent is very promising for high output P(VDF‐TrFE)‐based wearable NGs.     

Synchronization based on preamble symbol for DVB-T2 system

DVB-T2（digita1 video broadcasting-second generation terrestria1）system adopted a preamb1e,with a specia1 C-A-B structure,to accomp1ish time-frequency synchronization.A11 existing preamb1e based synchronization a1gorithms on1y uti1ized the corre1ation between C and A or B and A,neg1ecting the conjugate symmetry character within A.By using this character,a new synchronization method was proposed to make detection probabi1ity higher and synchronization error sma11er.Monto Car1o simu1ations were carried out in AWGN（addictive white Gaussian noise）channe1 and TU6（typica1 urban）channe1 with ve1ocity of 30 km/h.Compared with existing synchronization methods,both higher detection probabi1ity and sma11er mean square error in time-frequency synchronization is achieved.     

不对称金纳米结构的光致热增强效应的调控研究

提出了一种产生光致热增强效应的不对称的人工金 纳米结构,建立了物理模型并进行了计算。采用离散偶极近似(DDA)方法计算水介质环境中 该结构及其不对称性改变后对吸收光谱及近区电磁场分布的影响,进而 利用傅里叶热传导定律数值模拟了该结构产生的热增强效应。结果表明:改变纳米结构的不 对称程度会明显影响结 构的光谱吸收位置、线型和峰值强度;同时,通过调节纳米结构的不对称性也可以有效地将 磁场能转化为热能,并 在结构周围形成高度限定的局域热增强现象。本文提出的纳米结构可在较大的近红外波段范 围内调控温度,可作为纳米尺度 下精确控制光致热效应的温度和设计热等离子纳米器件之参考。     

旋转对称目标双基地一维距离像特性分析

双基地雷达成像研究中通常直接采用了单基地散射中心模型,忽略了双基地几何配置引起散射中心位置变化的这一事实。该文研究了旋转对称目标的双基地散射特性,采用几何绕射理论求解了锥体目标底面边缘双基地散射中心的位置,为入射波方向与散射波方向的夹角角平分线与目标对称轴构成的平面与底面边缘的交点,并据此建立了宽带双基地雷达目标回波模型,进而获得双基地1维距离像。最后,通过电磁计算软件获得了锥体目标的双基地1维距离像,计算结果与理论分析相一致,证明了理论分析的正确性。该文揭示的目标双基地散射中心的位置为旋转对称目标的宽带双基地雷达回波模拟、成像、特征提取与识别等应用提供了准确的数学模型。     

基于相位信息和主成分分析的对称性检测方法

对称性检测在图像分析与模式识别中具有重要意义。该文提出一种基于相位信息和主成分分析的对称性检测方法。首先在不同尺度、不同方向上计算相位对称性,其次在每个方向上将所有尺度的相位对称性进行融合,再次利用主成分分析提取各个方向的主要特征,最后利用非极大值抑制和自适应滞后阈值处理得到最终的对称性检测结果。实验证明：该文方法可直接对原始图像进行处理,不需要图像的任何先验知识,对于多目标图像不需分割等任何预处理;可以同时检测亮目标和暗目标的镜像对称、旋转对称、曲线对称;对图像亮度和对比度不敏感。     

Reinforcing the Built‐In Field for Efficient Charge Collection in Polymer Solar Cells

The collection efficiency of photogenerated charges in polymer solar cells (PSCs) is strongly influenced by the built‐in field (E_in) that develops across the photoactive materials. Here, by investigating the E_in‐development regimes in PSCs by introducing two types of interlayers, electric dipole layers (EDLs) and charge transport layers (CTLs), the device architecture is optimized to result in a larger E_in. By incorporating a pair of EDLs on both sides of the photoactive layer, the E_in is modulated by shifting the vacuum energy at each metal–semiconductor interface, providing a larger E_in than that in conventional PSCs using typical CTLs, such as metal oxides and/or conducting polymers. These devices using paired EDLs exhibit an average PCE of 9.8%, which far surpasses the average PCE of ≈8.5% for paired CTLs.     

高辐射强度的带THz扼流圈的偶极天线阵列模拟分析

为了提高太赫兹辐射强度, 设计了带THz扼流圈的偶极天线阵列.模拟结果表明, 增加直线阵的阵元数对平均匹配效率影响很小, 却能线性增加相干辐射强度.加入THz扼流圈可减小进入到传输线的交流分量, 进而减小共振频率的偏移, 使平均匹配效率提升了两倍.相比于网格排列的平面阵, 交错排列的阵元在垂直方向上具有更小的耦合, THz发射谱更窄.通过使用聚酰亚胺透镜代替硅透镜, 可有效提高输入电阻, 并将总效率由25%提高到35%.     

边缘检测中小波选取问题研究

小波的选取对边缘检测结果有直接的影响.本文分析和研究了小波的对称性、收敛性、平滑性及小波消失矩的内在联系及这些特性对边缘检测的影响,提出了边缘检测中小波选取原则.实验选取了三种具有不同特性的典型小波对选取原则进行了验证,实验结果证明了本文提出的小波选取原则的正确性.