Transient Flow and Inclusion Removal in Gas Stirred Ladle during Teeming Process

A water model of a typical 150t ladle was designed and constructed to determine the flow characteristics. A kind of organic emulsion was selected to model nonmetallic inclusion particles with the purpose of studying the inclusion removal effect under gas blowing in a teeming ladle. The presented modeling method for inclusion particles in the teeming process is different from those under steady condition. The numerical simulation was performed by using commercial software with the Eulerian‐Eulerian multiphase model applied to a model gas blown through a ladle. The numerical component of this study was conducted aiming at exploring the transient flow characteristics in teeming ladle corresponding to the physical experimental condition. Under the present conditions the authors came to the conclusion that soft gas blowing (2.7～4.0 × 10^?6 m³/s) was favourable to float inclusion particles into the slag layer. It is suggested to end the gas blowing when the drainage percentage reaches 50%.     

Simulations of the Ladle Teeming Process and Verification With Pilot Experiment

The ladle teeming process was investigated by 2D axis‐symmetrical mathematical models and a pilot‐plant experiment. Different turbulence models, including the low Reynolds number k–ε model and the realizable k–ε model both with an enhanced wall treatment (EWT) and a standard wall function (SWF), were used to simulate this process. All of these turbulence model predictions generally agreed well with the experimental results. The velocity distributions in the nozzle were also predicted by these turbulence models. At the late stage of the teeming process, the drain sink flow phenomenon was studied. The combination of an inclined ladle bottom and a gradually expanding nozzle was found to be an effective way to alleviate a drain sink flow.     

Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer in the Ladle during Teeming

A two dimensional axisymmetric model was developed to predict the heat flux in a steelmaking ladle during the teeming process. The model predicts dynamically the flow fields in both liquid phase and gas phase along with the movement of the liquid upper surface. The model also predicts the temperature distributions in the liquid metal, gas phase and all layers in the ladle wall. Industrial measurements using infrared radiation camera inside the ladle after teeming and at the wall outside the ladle during the whole process were carried out. The model predictions were found to be in agreement with the measured data. It was found that the heat transfer to the surrounding atmosphere and the conductivity of the highly insulating layer were the most important factors for the heat loss. The decrease of the thickness of the working lining was found to have limited effect on the total heat flux.     

耐火浇注料在轧钢加热炉上的应用

轧钢炉窑用耐火浇注料的使用寿命与材质，组合配比，炉体设计，施工，烘炉诸因素有关，在进行炉体设计时，应视现场使用条件正确选用浇注粒料；炉顶采用柔性吊持及合理的扼注注下要用，采用格式浇注工艺，可收到节能，降低工程旨用与延长炉顶寿命的效果。     

钢锭疏松,缩孔的因素分析及对策

本文就舞多在特厚钢板的生产中,钢锭出现的疏松、缩孔问题展开了深入的分析和讨论,了钢锭存在疏松、缩孔的宏观及微观因素,阐述了为减轻乃至消除这些缺陷所采取的工艺手段和实际效果。     

喂线技术在转炉冶炼车轴坯钢中的应用

在包钢８０ｔ转炉冶炼车轴坯钢时进行的钢包喂人Ｃａ－Ｓｉ怨芯线的工业试验表明：采用钢包喂线技术可减少夹杂物数量,并使Ａ１２Ｏ３和ＭｎＳ夹杂明显变性,因而提高了钢的质量。     

Influence Factors Analysis of Fe-C Alloy Blocking Layer in the Electromagnetic Induction-Controlled Automated Steel Teeming Technology

In the electromagnetic induction-controlled automated steel teeming(EICAST) technology of ladle,the height and location of the blocking layer are critical factors to determine the structure size and installation location of induction coil.And,they are also the key parameters affecting the successful implementation of this new technology.In this paper,the influence of the liquid steel temperature,the holding time and the alloy composition on the height and location of the blocking layer were studied by numerical simulation.The simulation results were verified by 40 t ladle industrial experiments.Moreover,the regulation approach of the blocking layer was determined,and the determination process of coil size and its installation location were also analyzed.The results show that the location of the blocking layer moves down with the increase in the liquid steel temperature and the holding time.The height of the blocking layer decreases with the increase in the liquid steel temperature;however,it increases with the increase in the holding time.The height and location of the blocking layer can be largely adjusted by changing the alloy composition of filling particles in the upper nozzle.When the liquid steel temperature is 1550℃,the holding time is 180 min and the alloy composition is confirmed,the melting layer height is 120 mm,and the blocking layer height is 129 mm,which are beneficial to design and installation of induction coil.These results are very important for the industrial implementation of the EICAST technology.     

INFLUENCE OF CASTING FLOW DEVIATION ON FLUID FLOW IN CASTING BILLET MOLD

ＩＮＦＬＵＥＮＣＥＯＦＣＡＳＴＩＮＧＦＬＯＷＤＥＶＩＡＴＩＯＮＯＮＦＬＵＩＤＦＬＯＷＩＮＣＡＳＴＩＮＧＢＩＬＬＥＴＭＯＬＤ￥ＺＨＡＮＧＪｉｏｎｇｍｉｎｇ（ＡｎｓｈａｎＩｒｏｎａｎｄＳｔｅｅｌＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅ,Ａｎｓｈａｎ,Ｌｉａｏｎ...     

梅山钢厂连铸坯非金属夹杂物成因及行为研究

对梅山钢厂现有生产工艺条件下钢中非金属夹杂物的来源及其演变状况进行了系统研究，找出了其演变规律。调查了夹杂物的控制水平。     

步进电机在真空注型机中应用

本文介绍了ZK-400真空注型机的原理及功能，并重点介绍了通过控制步进电机的脉冲频率达到调节真空注塑机搅拌速度的目的。