初生空化与液体抗拉强度的关系

自1983年开始以液体的抗拉强度作为其空化临界压强研究初生空化的比尺效应以来,该方法已得到进一步的应用和完善。本文就研究中遇到的一些问题,如关于空化灵敏度仪的校正,“零抗拉强度”的概念,试验设备中液体抗拉强度的动态变化以及在空化试验中使用该方法的技术和意义等作详细的阐述。     

露天矿山深-浅耦合台阶爆破方法研究及应用

爆破大块率高一直是困扰国内外众多露天矿山的技术难题,银山矿露天采矿场由于采区地质条件复杂,爆破大块率高的现象尤为明显。为此,针对露天采矿场岩性复杂易产生大块的区域,基于岩石的物理力学性质,计算出千枚岩和斑岩爆破区域需增设的短孔孔位。为减少爆破大块的产生率,提出了中深孔爆破方法—深-浅耦合台阶爆破方法。在银山矿露天采矿场实施深-浅耦合台阶爆破方法后,爆破大块率得到有效控制并取得了显著的社会及经济效益。     

Q390高强抗震钢板残余应力检测方法对比及分析

利用盲孔法、X-Ray法、中子衍射法和超声法对Q390高强抗震板及U形弯曲件进行残余应力检测,并对这4种方法测试得到的应力结果进行分析研究。结果表明,以上4种检测方法均要考虑其特定的检测应用范围,X-Ray法针对钢板表面下微米级深度的微米级晶格尺度范围局部点应力进行检测,中子衍射法可在毫米级尺度局部区域进行应力检测,盲孔法反映的是因毫米尺度钻孔导致的钢板表面孔周边的应力变化,超声法则可以通过连续扫描检测整个钢板残余应力的宏观分布变化。因此,对于工业钢板,超声法测试残余应力更加科学、合理、准确。同时,通过U形试样建立稳定的应力应变场,利用超声设备使用不同参考态对Q390高强抗震板弯曲件及退火弯曲件进行测试,结果表明,测试参考态的选取对应力测试结果影响很大,材料各向异性的影响对应力测试结果不可忽视。     

注射模分型面设计中靠破孔的研究

针对应用Pro／E软件进行注射模分型面设计中出现的靠破孔问题，以阿尔卡特的OT535手机为例，归纳总结了设计分型面时填补破孔的基本思路和主要方法，解决了分型面设计中的关键问题。     

Abrasion erosion of concrete by water-borne sand

Hydraulic concrete structures frequently experience long-term abrasive erosion by water-borne sand, resulting in surface damage and eventually limiting their service life. In this study, the investigation of abrasion erosion tests on concrete with various water to cementitious material ratios (w/cm) was performed. The effects of the constituent materials on concrete structure abrasion erosion resistance were studied. The test results show that: (1) reduction in the w/cm ratio increases the tested concrete abrasion resistance; (2) the splitting tensile strength is a viable indicator for concrete abrasion resistance; (3) high permeability concrete exhibits weak abrasion resistance; and (4) concrete and low strength concrete made with coarser aggregate exhibit greater abrasion resistance.     

应力交变下微型土压力计的标定及应用

为了研究土压力计在不同应力状态下的敏感系数,利用镶嵌有微型土压力计的模型桩,按照两种方式设计应力交变加载模式进行标定:(a)从初始零应力状态分级加载—卸载至零;(b)从初始零应力状态加载到应力最大值,分级卸载—加载,逐渐到零应力状态。研究结果表明:初始应力为零的加载曲线线性较好,敏感系数可用线性函数进行拟合;初始应力不为零的加载曲线线性也较好,敏感系数也可用线性函数进行拟合;而卸载曲线包含显著的非线性和滞后效应,此时敏感系数就不是一个固定值,可采用指数曲线来进行拟合。将获取的标定系数应用于水平受荷模型桩的桩身应力分析中,在加载过程中3.5D~5.5D深处桩身应力一直变大,且变化幅度最大。研究成果可为水利工程中板桩、抗滑桩等水平受荷桩桩身截面尺寸及配筋设计提供参考。     

Tensile Stress Relaxation of Alumina at High Temperature

The development of a tensile testing methodology for ceramics which enables a stress vs strain-rate response to be measured at high temperature is described. The test involves a carefully controled stress relaxation test at constant total strain using an experimental procedure and phenomenological analysis previously developed for metallic materials. It is demonstrated here with preliminary tests on alumina at 1050° and 1150°C. This offers, with further development, the possibility of establishing design stresses associated with low strain-rate behavior for structural applications. The results demonstrate that data covering four decades of strain rate may be generated in tests lasting a few hours. The inelastic strain consists of substantial anelastic recoverable strain in addition to a permanent creep strain.     

Propagation of the Chain Explosive‐Decomposition Reaction in Silver Azide Crystals

The velocity of the chain explosivedecomposition reaction in silver azide whiskes has been measured (1500 m/sec). The measured velocity is identified as the propagation velocity of the diffusion front of holes generated in the course of explosive decomposition.     

试析钻孔灌注桩基础施工技术在桥梁工程中的应用

通过以某桥梁工程为例,探析了钻孔灌注桩基础施工技术在桥梁工程中的具体应用,并为类似桥梁工程的基础施工人员提供了一定的参考和依据。     

锦屏一级水电站左岸底层灌浆平洞深孔帷幕灌浆施工

锦屏一级水电站作为世界第一高的拱坝,在超高的水头和复杂的地质条件下,在底层灌浆洞中进行了超过170 m的深孔帷幕灌浆。施工中克服了各种不利条件,解决了多种非常规的施工技术难题,其经验可为其他类似工程提供参考。