马来酸酐接枝SEBS对热塑性聚酯弹性体发泡性能的影响

以过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)为引发剂,采用双螺杆熔融挤出技术将马来酸酐(MAH)接枝到氢化聚苯乙烯-聚丁二烯-聚苯乙烯三嵌段共聚物(SEBS)分子链上,通过傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)确定了挤出过程中有SEBS-g-MAH生成,采用酸碱滴定法测定了SEBS-g-MAH的接枝率。通过单螺杆熔融挤出法制备了热塑性聚酯弹性体(TPEE)发泡片材,研究了SEBS-g-MAH对TPEE发泡片材性能的影响。结果表明,接枝物的加入对TPEE的熔体流动速率有显著的降低作用;SEBS-g-MAH对TPEE发泡制品力学性能和表观密度有明显的影响;发泡制品的压缩永久形变和断裂伸长率随着接枝物含量的增多而下降,当接枝物含量加到4份后,压缩永久形变和断裂伸长率都趋于稳定,发泡材料的泡孔大小均匀,分布均一。     

轮胎胶应力诱导脱硫化及PE-HD动态交联热塑性弹性体制备

采用在废旧轮胎胶粉(GTR)与高密度聚乙烯(PE-HD)的熔融挤出过程中提高双螺杆挤出机螺杆转速的高剪切应力诱导方法,研究了双螺杆挤出机的螺杆转速、挤出反应温度及脱硫促进剂仲丁醇、烷基酚多硫化物(420或450)和正丁胺对轮胎胶脱硫共混物的凝胶含量、熔体流动速率、溶胶红外吸收光谱及轮胎胶脱硫共混物/三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)动态交联热塑性弹性体力学性能的影响。结果表明:高转速同向双螺杆挤出机的高剪切作用可诱发废旧轮胎胶共混物中交联网络的断链和解交联反应,引起脱硫共混物凝胶含量的下降、未熔融凝胶颗粒尺寸的减小及熔体流动速率的增加;4种促进剂均具有明显促进脱硫反应的作用,其中450或正丁胺的促进脱硫效果较好,并引起脱硫共混物凝胶含量下降、熔体流动速率上升及动态交联热塑性弹性体力学性能的明显改善;当以正丁胺为脱硫促进剂时,最佳脱硫反应条件(240℃和1000r/min)下,脱硫共混物/EPDM动态交联热塑性弹性体的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别达到12.5MPa和440.6%。     

国外纤维增强热塑性塑料发展概况(Ⅲ)

纤维增强热塑性塑料（FRTP）因其重量轻,抗冲击性和疲劳韧性好,成型周期短,可循环利用等诸多优点,近年在稳定发展,已进入汽车、轨道交通、运输、航空航天、能源、基础设施、建筑、电气电子、防卫、船艇、工业、医疗、体育娱乐等多种应用市场。有关厂商为之研发了各种形式的FRTP材料、产品和FRTP最终制品的成型工艺。     

Poly(trimethylene terephthalate‐block‐tetramethylene oxide) elastomer/single‐walled carbon nanotubes nanocomposites: Synthesis,structure, and properties

Nanocomposites based on poly(trimethylene terephthalate)‐block‐poly(tetramethylene oxide) (PTT‐PTMO)‐segmented copolymer and COOH‐functionalized single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were prepared by in situ polymerization method. The obtained nanocomposites were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), DMTA, wide‐angle x‐ray scattering (WAXS), small‐angle X‐ray scattering, and tensile testing. The nanocomposites with low SWCNTs loading (<0.5 wt %) shows uniform dispersion of CNT in polymer matrix. As the SWCNTs loading in the nanocomposites increase, the significant improvement of thermo‐oxidative stability was observed. It was found that the nanocomposites have slightly higher degree of crystallinity (determined by DSC and WAXS) of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) hard phase than neat PTT‐PTMO copolymer. The melting point of PTT hard phase and glass transition temperature of poly(tetramethylene oxide)‐rich phase were not affected by the presence of CNTs in polymer matrix. The SWCNTs played a role as nucleating agent in PTT‐PTMO matrix, which led to increase in the crystallization rate. Tensile tests showed that the tensile strength of the nanocomposites with 0.05–0.3 wt % loading of SWCNTs have improved tensile strength in comparison to the neat PTT‐PTMO copolymer without reduction elongation at break. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

Influence of Types of Towpreg (Number of Tows and Matrices) in Woven Thermoplastic Composite Behavior-Part 1

Abstract

Textile or woven composite structures are an important material in many engineering applications. However, in many instances these structures are confined to those of thermoset matrices. The last decades or so saw the emergence of thermoplastic composites which exhibit several obvious advantages compared to those of thermoset. These include amongst others, easy processing, versatile end properties, especially damage tolerance, better working environment, etc. Morever, woven composites are always referred to those derived from fabrics, either preimpregnated or otherwise. However in the present study, a different approach in producing woven thermoplastic composite has been made. Namely, these woven thermoplastic composites were made by using the preimpregnated towpregs or prepregs, prepared usually in unidirectional tape form, instead of those derived from fabrics. The effect of different types of towpregs such as number of tows and matrices on the composite properties was examined. In short, the woven composite properties are clearly dependent on the towpregs properties. In addition, the advantages in handling, control and designing in attaining the desired composites properties were noted.     

DYNAMICALLY VULCANIZED THERMOPLASTIC ELASTOMER BLENDS OF NATURAL RUBBER AND POLYPROPYLENE

Dynamic vulcanization of a soft grade of thermoplastic natural rubber (TPNR) was carried out using several concentrations of Hexamethylene N, N′ bis (tert-butyl peroxy carbamate) (HBTP). The blends were melt mixed in a Brabender plasticorder. The effectiveness of dynamic vulcanization was investigated using the Brabender plastograms, swelling index measurements, rheological behavior by means of a capillary rheometer, dynamic mechanical properties, and tensile testing. It was found that varying the HBTP concentration had a great influence on the rheological behavior as well as the dynamic and tensile properties of the material. The increase of HBTP dosage resulted in an increase of the extent of crosslinking and caused an increase of the elastic modulus and a reduction of the loss modulus. The ultimate tensile strength and elongation at break also increased with increasing HBTP loading. The rheograms indicated that the blends exhibit a pseudoplastic behavior.     

聚烯烃类弹性体导电复合材料的制备与性能研究

将炭黑(CB)和碳纤维(CF)导电粒子加入到新型聚丙烯弹性体(Vistamaxx)与聚丙烯(PP)基体树脂中,共混制备导电复合材料。通过体积电阻率测试、力学性能测试和加工流变性能测试,得到了体积电阻率最低为0.47Ω.cm,拉伸强度为6.6 MPa,断裂伸长率为250%,具有良好加工性能的导电复合材料。     

改性热塑性酚醛树脂的制备及残炭率的影响因素

在苯酚和甲醛原料中加入一定量的SiO2粉体改性剂,可成功制备出改性热塑性PF(酚醛树脂)。以热塑性PF的残炭率为考核指标,采用单因素试验法优选出制备硅改性PF的最优方案。结果表明,当m(苯酚)∶m(甲醛)=(1.30～1.36)∶1时,硅改性PF的残炭率较高且变化不大;当w(SiO2粉体)=0.9%、反应温度为90℃和反应时间为3 h时,改性热塑性PF的残炭率相对较高;此时,Si元素已均匀分布在PF基体树脂上,掺杂的SiO2有助于提高热塑性PF的耐热性能。     

连续纤维增强聚环状对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯复合材料的研究进展

介绍了环状对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(CBT)树脂的合成机理及其开环聚合机理,对比了聚环状对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PCBT)与聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)的性能并介绍了纤维增强聚环状对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯复合材料的力学性能,综述了聚环状对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PCBT)基复合材料制备工艺的研究进展。     

HGB/TPU复合泡沫材料的制备及泡孔结构研究

采用空心玻璃微珠（HGB）填充热塑性聚氨酯（TPU）,制备了HGB/TPU复合泡沫材料。研究了硅烷偶联剂KH550对HGB的表面处理,并借助SEM探讨了不同发泡方式、发泡剂含量、HGB含量对复合泡沫材料微观形态结构的影响。结果表明：经KH550处理的HGB与TPU基体界面结合良好;通过注塑发泡得到的泡沫材料发泡效果较好;当发泡剂含量为1%、HGB含量为2%时复合泡沫材料的泡孔分布均匀,尺寸较为均一。