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91.
D. Knig S. Carvajal-Gonzalez A. M. Downs J. Vassy P. Rigaut 《Journal of microscopy》1991,161(3):405-433
Within the concept of point processes, a review is presented of quantities which can be used in studies of three-dimensional (3-D) aggregates of particles. Suitable characteristics and estimators are given for both unmarked and marked point processes. To demonstrate the feasibility of such quantitative approaches, an application in histology, dealing with 3-D arrangements of cell nuclei in rat liver, is described. Using a confocal scanning light microscope, 3-D images are recorded and image analysis used to obtain the coordinates of the centroid, together with the volume and DNA content, of each cell nucleus. Examples of results are given, using both unmarked and marked point processes. In the latter case, cell type, nuclear volume and ploidy group are suitable marks. 相似文献
92.
This paper demonstrates how the problem of tracking targets, which appear as either straight or curved lines in two-dimensional display images (or data images) can be formulated in terms of a directed weighted graph model and how dynamic programming techniques can be efficiently applied to reach an optimal or sub-optimal solution. In general, track detection algorithms providing optimal solutions have good detective ability, but most of them suffer from the inability to detect discontinuous lines or to resolve efficiently pairs of crossing lines. A sub-optimal solution is provided that efficiently overcomes these weaknesses. We focus on modeling the track detection problem in terms of a graph, formulating fast sequential/parallel sub-optimal track detection algorithms and testing them on simulated data in order to show their detective ability. Moreover, we specify the conditions under which sub-optimal algorithms can perform at least as well as their corresponding optimal algorithms. This is significant for the track detection problem where fast, accurate and real-time detection is considered a necessity. 相似文献
93.
机械合金化的原理及在磁性材料研究中的应用 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
介绍了机械合金化的原理和描述机械合金化过程的理论模型。综述了机械合金化在磁性材料研究中的应用,并对目前研究中的存在的问题及发展前景进行了分析。 相似文献
94.
在空泡物理和自然循环重点实验室氟里昂热工实验装置上进行了CHF实验 ,实验段为9 5×1 0mm元件管组成的 4× 4棒束 ,并对其开展了 4× 4棒束CHF流体模化研究。在压力 1 5 9~ 2 73MPa、质量流速 4 88~ 2 0 80kg (m2 ·s)、临界含汽率 -0 2 0~ 0 3 0的工况范围内 ,采集了 1 70个 4× 4棒束CHF实验数据 ,并与压力 9 9~ 1 6 2MPa、质量流速 2 74~ 1 4 73kg (m2 ·s)、临界含汽率 -0 2 0~0 3 4工况范围内 ,以水为工质相同棒束实验段内的 2 0 6个棒束CHF实验数据进行比较 ,发现Ahmad补偿失真模型、张振杰模型和Stevens Kirby模型在上述工况范围内不再适用于棒束CHF的模化 ,这些模型的预测偏差均大于 2 0 %以上 ,而且棒束CHF模化的流量模化因子k明显地受压力、质量流量和入口含汽率的影响。据此提出适用于上述工况范围内 4× 4棒束CHF模化的流量模化因子k的关系式 ,其CHF预测偏差在± 1 5 %以内 ,均方根误差为 7 0 5 %。 相似文献
95.
Modeling video sources for real-time scheduling 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
What is the impact of the autocorrelation of variable-bit-rate (VBR) sources on real-time scheduling algorithms? Our results show that the impact of long term, or interframe, autocorrelation is negligible, while the impact of short term, or intraframe, autocorrelation can be significant. Such results are essentially independent of the video coding scheme employed. To derive these results, video sequences are modeled as a collection of stationary subsequences called scenes. Within a scene, a statistical model is derived for both the sequence of frames and of slices. The model captures the distribution and the autocorrelation function of real-time video data. In previous work, the pseudoperiodicity of the slice level auto-correlation function made it difficult to develop a simple yet accurate model. We present a generalization of previous methods that can easily capture this pseudoperiodicity and is suited for modeling a greater variety of autocorrelation functions. By simply tuning a few parameters, the model reproduces the statistic behavior of sources with different types and levels of correlation on both the frame and the slice level. 相似文献
96.
Melt index is considered an important quality variable determining product specifications. Reliable prediction of melt index (MI) is crucial in quality control of practical propylene polymerization processes. In this paper a least squares support vector machines (LS‐SVM) soft‐sensor model of propylene polymerization process is developed to infer the MI of polypropylene from other process variables. Considering the use of a SSE cost function without regularization might lead to less robust estimates; the weighted least squares support vector machines (weighted LS‐SVM) approach of propylene polymerization process is further proposed to obtain a robust estimation of melt index. The performance of standard SVM model is taken as a basis of comparison. A detailed comparison research among the standard SVM, LS‐SVM, and weighted LS‐SVM models is carried out. The research results confirm the effectiveness of the presented methods. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 285–289, 2006 相似文献
97.
Hydrocarbon exploration risk evaluation through uncertainty and sensitivity analyses techniques 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Paolo Ruffo Livia Bazzana Alberto Consonni Anna Corradi Andrea Saltelli Stefano Tarantola 《Reliability Engineering & System Safety》2006,91(10-11):1155-1162
The evaluation of the exploration risk in the oil industry is a fundamental component of the decision process related to the exploratory phase. In this paper the two basic components of the exploratory risk: trap geometry and trapped hydrocarbon quantities (fluid), are compounded in a single coherent uncertainty and sensitivity approach. The results clarify that the model geometry influences each Petroleum System Modeling step and that the geometric uncertainty is correlated with the fluid uncertainty. The geometric uncertainty evaluation makes use of geostatistical techniques that produce a number of possible realizations of the trap geometry, all compatible with available data. The evaluation of the fluid uncertainty, through a Monte Carlo methodology, allows us to compute the possible quantities of oil and gas, generated in a basin and migrated from the hydrocarbon source location to each single trap. The final result is the probability distribution of oil and gas for each trap in the basin, together with other useful indicators like: the hydrocarbon filling probability map, the closure probability map, the drainage area probability map, the spilling paths probabilities, the trap-filling scenarios. 相似文献
98.
99.
We address the problems of noise and huge data sizes in microarray images. First, we propose a mixture model for describing the statistical and structural properties of microarray images. Then, based on the microarray image model, we present methods for denoising and for compressing microarray images. The denoising method is based on a variant of the translation-invariant wavelet transform. The compression method introduces the notion of approximate contexts (rather than traditional exact contexts) in modeling the symbol probabilities in a microarray image. This inexact context modeling approach is important in dealing with the noisy nature of microarray images. Using the proposed denoising and compression methods, we describe a near-lossless compression scheme suitable for microarray images. Results on both denoising and compression are included, which show the performance of the proposed methods. Further experiments using the results of the proposed near-lossless compression scheme in gene clustering using cell-cycle microarray data for S. cerevisiae showed a general improvement in the clustering performance, when compared with using the original data. This provides an indirect validation of the effectiveness of the proposed denoising method. 相似文献
100.
C.J. Lee B.R. Wu H.T. Chen K.H. Chiang 《Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology incorporating Trenchless Technology Research》2006,21(2):119-132
A series of centrifuge model tests and numerical simulations of these tests were carried out to investigate the surface settlement troughs, excess pore water pressure generation, tunnel stability and arching effects that develop during tunneling in soft clayey soil. The two methods were found to provide consistent results of the surface settlement troughs, excess pore water generation, and the overload factors at collapse for both single and parallel tunneling. The arching ratio describes the evolution of the arching effects on the soil mass surrounding tunnels and can be derived from the numerical analysis. The boundaries of the arching zones for both single tunneling and parallel tunneling were determined. In addition, the boundaries of the positive and negative arching zones were also proposed. 相似文献