生物质与废轮胎共热解对热解液体性质的影响

研究了影响生物质与废轮胎共热解得到的液体性质及组成的因素。结果表明生物质和废轮胎最大热分解温度均发生在330~360℃,共热解能够产生协同效应。随着加热速率的增大,最大热分解温度逐渐向高温处移动;生物质比例越低热解得到的液体越多;温度越高,得到的液体越少,在350℃下进行共热解得到的液体最多。混合后热解液体的氧含量比生物质单独热解得到液体的氧含量有所降低,芳香族化合物有所增加,并分析了热解液体的族组成。     

Diffusion of amine stabilizers in vulcanized natural rubber compositions used in tires

The diffusion of amine stabilizers in vulcanized natural rubber formulations used in tires was investigated. Experiments were undertaken using a “sandwich” system composed of a sample disk containing the additive (source disk) between two external disks of nonadditivated rubber (reception disks). Diffusion coefficients (D) were calculated from the experimental migration curves following the Boltzman–Matano model. Theoretical diffusion curves for the additives were obtained according to the limited extension source in an infinite medium. Experimental data showed reasonable fitting with the theoretical curves, suggesting that D does not depend on the additive concentration. Thermooxidative stability data for the vulcanized rubber containing the additives showed no correlation to the diffusion process. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 75: 670–676, 2000     

Prediction of Restriction Width of Carcass by Belts for Radial Tires: Theory, Experiment and Simulation

The restriction width of carcass by the belts( RWCB) as an important parameter of radial tire design has been neglected for a long time. In order to improve the accuracy and efficiency of tire profile design,the calculating method of RWCB is proposed. The equilibrium profile is calculated by geometric model and variational approach,based on it,the predicted model of RWCB is developed for tire design. Finally,four different designs of 12R22.5 tires are investigated by experiment and finite element method,which is used to validate the accuracy of the theoretical method. Results indicate that experimental and finite element analysis results are found to be in good agreement with theoretical results; linear relationships are existed between the cord length and RWCB,and also existed between the position of belt and RWCB; tires designed by the methods have smaller and more uniform displacement,so the method can be used for tire optimized design.     

Overseas News

Kumho Tires： Income Dropped While Profit Increased
According to the financial data Kumho Tires released recently, in the first half year, its accumulated operating income reached 1.73 Billion Dollars, dropping by 6.6%; while the operating profit reached up to 196 Million Dollars, increasing by 13% and the operating profit rate was 11.3%.     

The effects of studded tires on fatal crashes with passenger cars and the benefits of electronic stability control (ESC) in Swedish winter driving

This study set out to examine the effects of studded tires on fatal crashes on roads covered with ice or snow in Sweden and also to investigate the extra benefits of electronic stability control (ESC) during the winter months. Two different studies are presented in this paper. Both studies used an induced exposure approach. In the main study, 369 in-depth studies of fatal crashes with passenger cars were analyzed to determine whether loss-of-control (LOC) had been a major component or not. Only crashes involving cars without ESC and equipped with approved studded or non-studded winter tires were analyzed. The additional study used police-reported crashes that occurred during the winter seasons 2003–2010, involving passenger cars with and without ESC. While police records in Sweden do not include any tire information, it was assumed that most cars involved in crashes during the winter period would be equipped with studded tires.     

Shandong Province Issuing Implementation Scheme of Transformation and Upgrading of Tire Industry

To accelerate the transformation and upgrading of tire industry in Shandong Province as well as strengthen and enhance the advantage for development of tire industry, on October 22, Shandong Province, the largest tire production province in China, issued Transformation and Upgrading Scheme of Tire Industry. The Scheme puts forwards that by 2020, the proportion of green tire products in key enterprises of Shandong province shall reach over 60% and two tire enterprises shall reach level of world tire Top Ten.     

Federal Tire outlines strategy at its 2014 Greater China dealer meeting

Federal Tire Corp. held its 2014 Greater China Dealer Annual Meeting from March 2-7 in Heilongjiang Province. The goal of the conference was to deliver the development scheme and marketing strategy of both the Federal and Hero brands to Federal＇s valued partners and to celebrate Federal＇s 60th anniversary.     

利用废轮胎热解炭制取活性炭的试验研究

热解炭是废轮胎热解的重要产物之一.以CO2气体作为活化剂对废轮胎热解炭制取活性炭的活化温度为820～950℃,活化时间为60～360 min.在试验条件下,活化温度越高,活化时间越长,活性炭烧失率越大,比表面积也越大.制得的活性炭具有与商业活性炭相似的中、大孔隙分布,而微孔则不发达,因此孔容积小于商业活性炭.在950℃,240 min条件下得到中等比表面积(306 m2/g)的活性炭.针对碘、苯酚和亚甲基蓝三种物质考察了活性炭的液相吸附特性.热解炭和活性炭对亚甲基蓝和苯酚具有良好的吸附性,而碘吸附值则与商业活性炭尚有较大差距.     

废轮胎流化床热解过程典型污染气体的排放特性

在小型流化床试验台上进行废轮胎的热解试验,研究不同工况条件下H2S、HCN、NH3气体的排放特性.研究结果表明:废轮胎热解中S生成H2S的转化率为0.5%～26.0%.不同工况条件下热解时H2S的排放量随热解温度的变化规律相似,都有峰值出现.但是在CO2气氛下热解时,峰值温度降低,H2S的排放量略高于在N2气氛下热解.废轮胎热解时燃料氮的排放以NH3为主,其转化率为10%～55%,远大于生成HCN的转化率(<0.5%).热解温度是影响N生成NH3的主要因素,流化速度和床料粒径对其影响不大.随着温度的升高,N生成NH3的转化率提高.在CO 2气氛下热解时,N生成NH3的转化率随热解温度升高而下降,这正好与N2气氛下热解时的趋势相反.在试验范围内,N在向NH3和HCN转化之间没有必然联系.     

废旧轮胎/橡胶回收利用技术研究进展

近几年来,废旧轮胎/橡胶所引起的环境问题得到人们的重视,回收利用已成为我国乃至世界研究的热点。从裂解、催化裂解、轮胎原料、反应动力学以及工艺条件等方面概述了废旧轮胎/橡胶回收利用技术最新研究进展。催化裂解成为废旧轮胎/橡胶回收利用的主要方式,研究较多的催化剂主要是ZSM-5、MCM系列以及ITQ系列。