环氧大豆油改性透明环氧树脂胶粘剂的研究

以环氧大豆油(ESO)为环氧树脂(EP)的增塑剂、环氧氯丙烷(ECH)和丙烯腈(AN)改性己二胺为固化剂,制得ESO改性EP胶粘剂。探讨了增塑剂种类和含量对EP胶粘剂性能的影响。结果表明:当n(己二胺):n(ECH):n(AN)=1:0.3:1.5、w(ESO)=20%时,相应EP胶粘剂的剪切强度、断裂伸长率和外推起始温度分别比纯EP体系增加了10%、400%和20%;ESO是一种高增韧性、高耐热性的环保型增塑剂,相应EP胶粘剂的透明性、柔韧性和耐高(低)温性俱佳。     

易开口、高透明线性低密度聚乙烯的研制与应用

采用助剂配方后改性的技术方法,研制开发出生产易开口、高透明线性低密度聚乙烯(LL-DPE)的助剂配方体系。考察了自主研发的增透剂、有机和无机开口剂等助剂的不同质量比对LLDPE膜的光学性能和开口性能的影响;并且在LLDPE装置上实现了工业化应用。     

木材透明防火涂料

以三聚氰胺－甲醛树脂为原料的木材透明防火涂料，具有良好的装饰性能和防火性能。介绍了该涂料的配方、性能、生产工艺及应用。     

试析库鲁切特医生住宅中的现象透明性

"透明性"理论的产生对西方近现代建筑理论的发展有着巨大的影响。柯林.罗的在《透明性》一书中将透明性区分为"现象透明性"和"物理透明性"两种类型,本文引用其著作中的"现象透明性"理论来初步解析柯布西耶的库鲁切特医生住宅,从建筑体量、底层庭院以及屋顶花园这几个方面来探析理解这一建筑设计作品中的现象的透明性。     

延展与解蔽—基于时空体验的景观与建筑的内外交互

基于时空关系与体验,探讨了景观与建筑的交接空间。对其建构方式与体验感知方式进行研究。基于戴维·哈维(David Harvey)的"时空压缩"以及希格弗莱德·吉迪恩(Sigfried Giedion)的"空间时间"理论,通过诠释"厚性"的概念,分析了景观与建筑空间交接的2种基本出发点:基于时空拉伸的"延展",以及基于时空压缩的"解蔽";通过案例研究,对其不同的空间组织方法与空间界定材料的使用方式进行解读,并论述与此对应的2种空间感知过程:"可推导性"与"瞬时生成性";通过分析4个现当代景观实践案例,对景观设计在空间"内外交互"建构中所发挥的主动性与使用方法进行综合研究。最后,对时空建构的基本方法、综合使用等方面进行应用层面的分类与总结。     

基于里德堡原子的微波全信息测量

介绍了里德堡原子微波电场传感器的工作原理,阐述了基于里德堡原子测量微波电场强度、相位、极化、频率等信息的技术特点,分析了基于里德堡原子的微波全信息测量的研究现状,探讨了当前绝对自校准测量和连续宽带高灵敏测量面临的困难,指出可以通过外场调控实现测量灵敏度提升和宽带连续频率测量;并可通过各种调制及解调手段简化相位、极化的测量和读取。分析了在热原子系统中利用多光子激发消除多普勒展宽以及采用冷原子消除多普勒展宽对于提升微波测量灵敏度的潜在优势,提出未来可利用里德堡原子的高轨道角动量态、强关联等特性进一步提升里德堡原子微波电场传感器性能。     

Mesophase features in isotactic poly(propylene‐co‐1‐heptene) copolymers

The influence of crystallization rate on the interesting polymorphism of random isotactic poly(propylene‐co‐1‐heptene) copolymers was studied, with particular attention to the conditions for obtaining the mesomorphic phase. Owing to the important decrease of cooling rate involved as the 1‐heptene content increases, the mesophase can be clearly observed by DSC for co‐unit contents above about 5 mol%. Furthermore, only the mesophase (or the amorphous phase) was found for the copolymer with 13.9 mol% 1‐heptene at common cooling rates of the calorimeter. Additionally, the copolymer with 21.4 mol% co‐units was found to be completely amorphous under any thermal treatment analyzed. Variable‐temperature diffraction experiments were carried out to ascertain unambiguously the nature of the phases involved. Finally, a remarkable transparency was attained (above 80% transmittance in the visible light region) at intermediate and high 1‐heptene contents, using easily accessible cooling rates. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry     

Visibly transparent conjugated polymers based on non-alternant cyclopenta-fused emeraldicene for polymer solar cells

In this study, we synthesized two emeraldicene (EMD)-based conjugated polymers, PBTEMD and PFEMD, through polymerization of 4,7-di(thien-2-yl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole and 9,9-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-9H-fluorene, respectively. We then blended these EMD-derived polymers (as electron-donating materials) with [6,6]-phenyl-C₇₁-butyric acid methyl ester (PC₇₁BM) in the active layers of polymer solar cells (PSCs) and investigate their optoelectronic properties and related photovoltaic performance. To best of our knowledge, this study is the first to use EMD derivatives for PSC applications. We compared the molecular structures, absorption behavior, energy levels, thermal properties, and thermal stability of these two polymers to determine their suitability for use in PSCs. The main absorption of PFEMD was in the near-IR spectrum (600–800 nm). We observed a transparency of greater than 80% for the blend film of PFEMD having a thickness of 95 nm; the constructed device exhibited a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 2.5% and the transparent PFEMD:PC₆₁BM-derived device exhibited a PCE of 1.2% under AM 1.5 G irradiation (100 mW cm⁻²). We observed a significant improvement in thermal stability for the device incorporating the additive crosslinker TBT-N₃; it retained approximately 60% of its initial PCE after accelerated heating (150 °C) for 18 h. In contrast, the PCE of the corresponding normal device decayed to 0.01% of its initial value.     

Influence of acrylate processing aid‐based ionomer containing lanthanide (La(III)) ion on thermal stability,fusion, transparency and mechanical properties of rigid poly(vinyl chloride)

An acrylate processing aid (ACR)‐based ionomer containing lanthanide (La(III)) ion was synthesized and the influences of the ionomer on thermal stability, fusion time, transparency and tensile properties of rigid poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) were investigated. Results revealed that the ionomer with a suitable La(III) content behaved as a good stabilizer as well as processing aid to the rigid PVC product. The ionomer could accelerate fusion of PVC much more quickly than ACR because of the strong interaction between La(III) carboxylate and PVC. Moreover, it exhibited a stabilizing efficiency comparable to lanthanum and calcium stearates (LaSt₃ and CaSt₂). The composite stabilizer of ionomer/zinc stearate (ZnSt₂) exhibited an ability to improve initial discoloration better than LaSt₃/ZnSt₂ and CaSt₂/ZnSt₂ because the ionomer could form a complex with ZnSt₂ much more slowly than LaSt₃ and CaSt₂. The compounds stabilized using ionomer/ZnSt₂ exhibited a transparency comparable to those stabilized using organotin or liquid barium/zinc stabilizers, which was much better than those stabilized using LaSt₃/ZnSt₂ and CaSt₂/ZnSt₂. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry     

Thermal performance of different pond cells under actual climatic conditions in Qatar

Experimental work was undertaken to study the thermal performance of three different pond cells under actual climatic conditions of Qatar. The first cell was an open pond. In the second unit, a finned radiator, painted black, was placed over the pond. In the third cell, the water was contained in a polyethylene bag. Experimental results indicated that the exposed pond cell came out best, when considered in terms of how quickly the temperature of the stored water could be reduced, and how low that temperature could be. The water in the exposed pond was cooled directly (by evaporation and radiation to sky) whereas in the case of the finned radiator cell, heat had to be transferred from the stored water to the radiator, and then from the radiator to the surrounding. In the case of water-in-bag cell, evaporation was eliminated and radiative exchange with the sky was reduced due to the partial transparency of the polyethylene bag (in the infrared region).