论印刷文化与印刷文化遗产

本文分析了印刷文化的内涵特征,阐述了印刷文化的范畴体系,探究了印刷文化的社会价值,提出了印刷文化遗产的内涵及保护问题,调研了我国传统印刷技艺作为人类非物质文化遗产的留存现状及其保护进展。     

寡核苷酸微阵列原位合成新技术研究

研究探讨了一种基于活版印刷原理的中、低密度寡核苷酸微阵列原位合成新方法，该方法完全避免了掩模制备过程，合成速度快、制备成本低、便于批量生产，有望满足人们对批量生物信息进行快速、低成本检测与分析的要求；对活版印刷法寡核苷酸原位合成原理、合成工艺进行了详细探讨，应用该方法在连接有手臂分子的载玻片上，分别合成了4条探针、16个位点的寡核苷酸微阵列，通过与互补的靶序列杂交和荧光分析，微阵列上相同寡核苷酸探针的位点荧光强度均匀，表明其寡核苷酸探针分布均匀；错配分析还表明得到的寡核苷酸微阵列能实现单个碱基错配的检测。     

Dynamic and interactive typography in digital art

The objective of this investigation was to produce a work that demonstrates the potential of typography as a subject matter for a contemporary artistic discourse by exploiting the dynamism and interactivity of digital typography.

This paper describes the process of the conceptual development and implementation of an interactive multimedia installation based on the history of writing and typography.

The main aspects of the methodology that inspired the building of an installation are emphasised and it is argued that in arts, technology is meant to serve a concept and poetics, not the opposite way round.     

How do you write and present research well?

Research is only half the work; the other half is writing and publishing. Your research is incomplete until you publish your data.^[1] Publishing is necessary but insufficient: others must cite your work.^[2] Writing well and preparing a coherent story will help your paper get past the first hurdle in the publishing process –the copy editor. The second hurdle is the editor, who checks if it is suitable for the journal, and reviews the abstract, conclusions, and references.^[3] The final hurdle is the reviewers, who devote more time to validate the hypotheses, results, and interpretation. Rejection rates across journals are increasing.^[4] Science copy editors send one out of five submissions to the editors, and their overall rejection rate is 93 %. The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering rejects close to 3 out of 4 papers researchers submit. Write better so journals accept your papers and researchers cite them.     

Failure to improve readability with a vertical typography.

3 experiments found conventional horizontal typography to be superior to vertical. 1 experiment presented the stimulus tachistoscopically in a procedure quite similar to the procedure used in an earlier experiment that found vertical typography to be superior to conventional even with unpracticed Ss. 2 of the experiments used Ss who had been given practice reading 8000 words printed in vertical typography. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Reading upper and lower case on Viewdata

The times taken to read aloud six passages of nonsense text presented in upper or lower case on an ITT Viewdata receiver were compared. Contrary to the usual finding with printed material, upper case text did not significantly retard reading.     

Effects of text space of Chinese-English bilingual traffic sign on driver reading performance

Chinese-English bilingual traffic signs (CEBTS) are widely applied in public spaces within China, but few studies have addressed the spatial arrangement of the two languages on CEBTS and road standards provide little guidance for it. This study investigates whether changes in ‘separating space’, the vertical space between bilingual place names on CEBTS, affects driver reading performance. Ten sign combinations were developed using variations in the sign’s graphic complexity, total number of place names, and the spatial distribution of the place names. Each sign was displayed in a 3D graphics rendered clip of someone driving towards the road sign in random order. Participants identified destinations by reading the signs shown in the clip. The speed and the accuracy of responses was recorded. 39 English-reader participants were recruited and equally split into three groups. Three levels of separating space 0.5H, 0.75H and 1H; H refers to one Chinese character height, were prepared according to a between-subject factorial design. The results show that the separating space affected the response time regardless of sign combinations. Both 0.5H and 0.75H separations caused significant faster reading time and higher accuracy than 1H, but 0.75H appears to achieve better result. The findings contribute to the legibility research concerning bilingual signs with two very different character sets. This study considers improving sign legibility through spatial arrangement of the bilingual text, which is currently limited in the field of Chinese road sign legibility. The findings could inform future standards for Chinese-English road signs.     

Extraction of Typographic Elements from Outline Representations of Fonts

Digital typefaces for computer graphics and multimedia applications should be capable of supporting operations such as font variations, transformations. deformations and blending. A powerful implementation of such operations must rely on the inherent typographic attributes of the typeface. However, even today's most advanced typeface representations support only geometric outline representations and basic font variations. In this paper we discuss high-level typeface representations which we term Parametric Typographic Representations (PTRs). We present an algorithm for automatically extracting typographic elements of typefaces from their outline representation, which, is an essential initial step in converting typefaces from outline representations to PTRs. The extracted typographic elements include serifs, bars. sterns, slants, bows, arcs, curve stems and curve bars. Most notable is the treatment of serifs, which are represented by finite-automata. The algorithm only needs to learn a serif type once, and is then capable of automatically recognizing it in different typefaces. We show an application of a PTR for automatic high-quality hinting of fonts, which is one of the most important stages in, digital font production. Our system was used to generate hints for dozens of thousands of Kanji, Roman and Hebrew characters.     

历史的回响:清末民国书刊设计对今日字体创新的影响

旨在探讨清末民国时期中国书刊设计对智能时代字体创新的影响,侧重于传统脉络的延续与创新的融合。通过分析清末民国时期书刊设计的中西杂糅特点,厘清中国传统印刷业脉络,揭示其对当代文字设计的启发,并将其投射至新情境、新业态、新媒介中。首先,考察清末民国时期书刊设计的变革,包括版面转型、铅印技术的普及与文化观念的转变,以及其对当时社会文化生活的深远影响;其次,分析智能时代文字设计的演变,探讨复古与创新之间的平衡,以及传统脉络在当代字体排印设计中的体现。清末民国时期书刊设计的多元共存与中西杂糅为智能时代字体创新提供了重要启示。传统的书刊设计不仅是文化的传承,更是当代文字设计的灵感源泉。对传统脉络的重新审视和当代技术的结合,将推动文字设计在智能时代的发展,实现传统与现代的有机融合。