Soybean powder enables the synthesis of Fe–N–C catalysts with high ORR activities in microbial fuel cell applications

The development of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) into a new type of carbon-neutral wastewater treatment technology requires efficient and low-cost oxygen reduction reaction catalysts in air cathodes. The use of raw soybean powder was investigated for synthesizing Fe–N–C ORR catalysts in a sacrificial SiO₂ support method. ZnCl₂ etching in the synthesis was found to facilitate the formation of hierarchical porous structures of Fe–N–C catalysts. Fe–N–C(1-1) catalyst synthesized with an optimal soybean/ZnCl₂ mass ratio of 1:1 exhibited the highest ORR activity in air cathodes. The use of the obtained Fe–N–C(1-1) catalyst enables a maximum power production of ~0.480 mW cm⁻² in MFCs, higher than commercial Pt/C (0.438 mW cm⁻²) with the same catalyst loading of 2 mg cm⁻². Long-term MFC operations demonstrated that the Fe–N–C synthesized from raw soybean have high stability and toxic tolerance, indicating that abundant low cost soybean biomass is a potential material for ORR catalyst development in MFC applications.     

In-situ repair of composite palladium membranes with macro defects: A case study

A new method was developed for repairing Pd/Al₂O₃ membranes with macro defects without the need of disassembling the membrane from the module. In order to target and fill the membrane defect automatically with solid particles, a TiO₂ powder was firstly tested by flowing high-pressure nitrogen as a carrier gas, followed by a heat treatment. A filter cake was found on the membrane defect but still porous. A glass powder was selected instead of TiO₂, and the membrane defect was successfully sealed by glazing. The in-situ repair of a waste commercial Pd/Al₂O₃ membrane separator was carried out with the glass powder, and the hydrogen flux and H₂/N₂ selectivity of the membrane separator at 450 °C under 100 kPa reached 12.6 m³m⁻²h⁻¹ and 1600, respectively.     

对比水泥对矿渣粉活性指数检测结果的影响研究

活性指数是评价粒化高炉矿渣粉性能的重要指标。采用不同对比水泥对矿渣粉活性指数进行了检测。结果表明，不同对比水泥对活性指数试验结果影响很大。本研究可为对比水泥生产及选用提供参考。     

正压开放式气力输送水泥粉体临界料位 影响因素实验研究*

本文采用相似理论模拟建立了目前工业常用的正压开放式气力输送系统。该系统可以有效监控固体质量流率、固体料位、气力输送及气体流量等参数。在此系统上,以水泥粉体为输送物料,压缩空气为输送动力进行开放式气力输送研究。通过改变输送母管内的输送压力、气体流量、固体质量流率等操作参数得出临界料位的变化规律,进而得出影响临界料位的主要因素,为本类开放式气力输送的临界料位的确定与监控提供指导。     

Reducing CO2 emission from exhaust gases using molten carbonate fuel cells: a new approach

The aim of this study is to couple molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) stack with integrated gasification combined cycle fed by refinery residues, to remove CO₂ from gas turbine exhaust gases that have CO₂ emission rate of 14,200 ton/year. By applying multi-objective optimisation (MOO) using genetic algorithm, the optimal values of operating load and the corresponding values of objective functions are obtained. The MOO of the MCFC system regarding two scenarios is performed. The first scenario is minimisation of cost of electricity (COE) and CO₂ emission rate. Objective functions of the second scenario are the same as in the first scenario while CO₂ tax is taken into account. Results show that the second scenario has 29.5% lower average optimal COE and 2.5% lower average emission rate in comparison with the first scenario. A sensitivity analysis is also performed to study the effect of fuel price and CO₂ tax variations on optimal solutions.     

丙二醇和碳酸二甲酯联产连续生产新工艺

本工艺成功解决了传统生产工艺中催化剂与丙二醇难以分离,导致丙二醇产率低、纯度低、不能连续生产的问题。生产的丙二醇的质量更好,节能、产率高,废物实现零排放,实现了连续生产。     

Nanocomposites of triazole functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube with chemically grafted polyimide: preparation,characterization, and properties

In order to improve the dispersion of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in polyimide (PI) matrix and the interfacial interaction between MWCNTs and PI, 3,5-diamino-N-(1H-[1,2,4]triazol-3-yl)-benzamide (DTB)-functionalized MWCNTs (DTB-MWCNTs) were synthesized by amidation reaction. The DTB-MWCNTs were analyzed by several techniques. DTB-MWCNTs were used as a platform for the grafting of a DTB-based PI in N,N′-dimethylformamide solution with different loadings of DTB-MWCNTs to produce PI-grafted MWCNT (PI-g-MWCNT) composites. The thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties of the PI-g-MWCNT composites were improved compared with PI due to the homogeneous dispersion of DTB-MWCNTs and strong interfacial covalent bonds between DTB-MWCNTs and the PI chain.     

电石炉气处理和利用综述

介绍了电石炉气处理利用的方法,分析评价了各种利用方式的适用范围和优缺点,提出了电石行业实现资源利用、节能减排的途径和循环经济发展方向。     

生物氧化—氰化炭浸提金工艺的优化改造

对三和金业生物氧化—氰化炭浸提金工艺进行了优化改造。通过优化生物氧化作业参数,使其处理能力提高了42.49 t/d;增设氧化洗涤液二段沉淀回收高品位含金微细氧化渣、采用二段沉淀—压滤工艺回收粉炭、增设摇床重选工艺回收氰渣中的金等,金的总回收率提高了0.46%。企业年增产黄金884.4 kg,取得了显著的经济效益。