Na型蛭石中2Na+=Pb2+离子交换过程的动力学研究

通过实验探讨了Na型蛭石在不同的Pb2 溶液浓度和不同的温度下的2Na =Pb2 离子交换动力学关系,实验结果表明:蛭石中2Na =Pb2 离子交换很快,0.5min以内交换吸附率已达70%～80%以上,达到交换平衡的时间与溶液的起始浓度和交换时的温度有关,原液浓度越大达到平衡所需要的时间越长,温度越高交换越快;蛭石中2Na =Pb2 离子交换过程受粒内扩散控制;动力学方程符合克-金-布扩散(粒内扩散)方程;计算出了蛭石中2Na =Pb2 离子交换过程的表观活化能E'a的平均值为25.21kJ/mol;推导出了蛭石中2Na =Pb2 离子交换过程的动力学方程为:1-2/3α-(1-α)2/3=k0r-20exp-(25.21/R)·1/Tt     

MODIFICATION OF FLAKE REINFORCED FRICTION BRAKE COMPOSITE MATERIAL

According to the recent development trend and need of the friction brake material, the flake reinforced friction brake material has been made out by adjusting the recipe and techniques.The two-dimensional flake vermiculite is selected as the reinforced stuffing of the material; the modified resin is used as the basal bed of the material.The tests manifest that the properties of mechanics are high, the friction coefficients are suitable and stable,and especially in high temperatures the wear is low.It is an excellent friction brake material.     

Study of the interconnection of aluminum electrolyzer life with corrosion of its casing

It is confirmed that an aluminum electrolyzer casing is subject to electrochemical corrosion. It is established that on reaction of electrolyzer associated gaseous products with the electrolyzer casing there is formation of fluorides of bi- and trivalent iron, and also iron fluorides of non-stoichiometric composition. It is shown that the fluoride layer formed does not protect the casing surface from further corrosion. In order to protect the electrolyzer casing it is necessary to fasten a refractory barrier layer. More reliable heat insulation should be used in order to maintain the optimum casing heating temperature. Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 1, pp. 39 – 42, January 2009.     

添加剂强化粉煤燃烧固硫剂的研究

文章选取CaCO3、Ca(OH)2质量配比=3∶2作为主固硫剂,用2%钙基(质量配比)的Na2CO3对其改性,利用蛭石作为固硫添加剂。在Ca/S=2.25的情况下通过固硫实验考察了主固硫剂以及添加剂的加入对固硫率的影响。实验表明:煤粉掺入该固硫剂在950℃下燃烧半小时,固硫率可以达到85%,该固硫剂主要由天然矿物所组成,具有来源广、成本低廉等优势,因而具有极高的应用价值和市场推广潜力。     

蛭石/PBAT复合薄膜的制备与性能

使用蛭石（VMT）作为填料,以可生物降解的聚对苯二甲酸-己二酸丁二醇酯（PBAT）作为基体,采用熔融-吹塑法制备出蛭石/聚对苯二甲酸-己二酸丁二醇酯（VMT/PBAT）复合薄膜,并通过添加聚苯乙烯马来酸酐共聚物（SMA）作为相容剂制备了VMT/PBAT/SMA复合薄膜。对纯PBAT薄膜、VMT/PBAT和VMT/PBAT/SMA复合薄膜的热性能、流变性能、水蒸汽阻隔性能、断面微观结构和力学性能进行了测试。结果表明,相比纯PBAT薄膜,蛭石的填充使VMT/PBAT复合薄膜的热稳定性降低,相容剂SMA的添加增强了VMT/PBAT/SMA复合薄膜的热稳定性;蛭石的添加使复合薄膜的结晶度降低了约2%。水蒸汽透过量测试表明,两种复合薄膜水蒸汽阻隔性能符合国家标准;VMT的添加使VMT/PBAT复合薄膜的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率降低,而添加相容剂SMA使VMT/PBAT/SMA复合薄膜的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率相比VMT/PBAT复合薄膜提高约10 %。     

浅谈蛭石在造纸中的应用

天然矿物蛭石本身具有多种优良性质和广泛的应用领域 ,本文简单介绍了其在特种纸生产及水处理中的应用     

Preparation of phenolic resin/organized expanded vermiculite nanocomposite and its application in brake pad

Phenolic resin (PF)/organized expanded vermiculite (OEVMT) nanocomposite was prepared via melt intercalation with EVMT organically treated using benzyldimethyloctadecylammonium. The results of the PF/OEVMT structure characterized by X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy showed that the PF/OEVMT nanocomposite formed exfoliated and intercalated mixed structure. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that the thermal decomposition temperature of the PF/OEVMT nanocomposite (482.6°C) was higher than that of pristine PF (433.9°C) in air atmosphere. The brake pad based on PF/OEVMT nanocomposite were also prepared. The friction and wear tests illustrated that the brake pad based on PF/OEVMT had more stable friction coefficient and lower wear rate than that of the brake pad based on PF. Scanning electron microscopy also showed that the brake pad based on PF/OEVMT nanocomposite has excellent high temperature wear‐resistance. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

蛭石对稀土离子的吸附性能研究

研究了蛭石对稀土离子的吸附作用 ,结果表明 :蛭石具有较强的吸附性能 ,吸附速度较快 ,影响吸附的主要因素是 pH值 ,其吸附机理符合阳离子交换吸附形式 ;通对稀土原地浸矿尾液的处理 ,达到回收稀土的目的 ,可用于实际生产中低浓度稀土的回收     

增强纤维对复合摩擦材料性能的影响

复合摩擦材料是以高分子化合物为粘结剂、以无机或有机类纤维为增强组分、以填料为摩擦性能调节剂的复合功能材料。通过添加芳纶浆粕纤维和膨胀蛭石,考察低温条件下增强纤维对复合摩擦材料性能的影响。实验结果表明,随着芳纶浆粕纤维含量的增加,洛氏硬度与之近似满足线性关系,冲击强度缓慢提高,摩擦系数及磨损量也增大;随膨胀蛭石含量的增加,其力学性能和摩擦系数均呈峰形变化,分别在2%、3%时达最大值,但磨损量的变化不大。     

蛭石粉对橡胶吸声件性能影响

就不同蛭石粉含量对橡胶吸声件的力学性能、阻尼性能及吸声性能的影响进行了研究。结果表明,当橡胶的质量以100份计,蛭石粉含量为30～40份时,吸声件的综合性能最好。