The viscosity of liquid water at pressures up to 32 MPa

The paper reports new, preliminary measurements of the viscosity of liquid water along two isotherms as a function of pressure up to 32 MPa. The measurements have been performed with a vibrating-wire viscometer especially modified for the purpose. The instrument has been calibrated with respect to the viscosity of water at a pressure of 0.1 MPa and a temperature of 293.15 K, for which an accurate reference value is available. With due regard to the precision of the determination of individual quantities and the accuracy of the calibration data, it is estimated that the accuracy of the present results is one of ±0.3% under all conditions.Paper dedicated to Professor Joseph Kestin.     

Transport properties of 1,1-difluoroethane (R152a)

Based on reliable. carefully selected data sets. equations for the thermal conductivity and the viscosity of the refrigerant R 112a are presented. They are valid at temperatures from 240 to 440 K, pressures up to 20 MPa. and densities up to 1050 kg · m^–3. including the critical region.     

28Cr2Mo1VA钢变速冷却转变动力学研究

用膨胀法对28Cr2Mo1VA钢测定了变速冷却过冷奥氏体转变动力学曲线,结果表明,先慢冷后快冷,珠光体、贝氏体转变滞后;反之,转变超前。并提出用图解计算法求转变点,结果与实验相符合。     

特超稠油污水回掺降粘集输工艺

通过对河南古城油田BQ10区特超稠油乳状液的室内试验分析,指出该种乳状液的实际相突变点为68%左右,当相浓度Φ≥68%时,以W/O型为主的乳状液突变为以O/W型为主的乳状液.乳状液变型后,原油与管道内壁之间的摩擦以及原油之间的摩擦转变为水与管道内壁及水与水之间的摩擦,从而大幅度降低其粘度和摩阻损失;通过对古城BQ10区特超稠油区块单元内部污水回掺降粘集输的现场试验,证明与室内试验分析得出的结论相符合,说明区块单元污水回掺不同于常规的掺热水,也不同于掺联合站处理过的净化污水,它优于单井掺稀油.最后指出该工艺可有效地降低井站回压,方便生产管理,降低开采成本,提高采油效率和经济效益,具有低耗节能的优点.     

硅化腐植酸钠GFN-1的研制

针对目前生产腐植酸硅化产品原料受限的缺点,在大量试验的基础上,确定了一条以腐植酸和硅化剂为主要原料的生产工艺,合成了一种与有机硅腐植酸钾(OSAM-K)性能相当的硅化腐植酸钠产品GFN-1,对其常规性能指标和在清水及无固相聚合物钻井液体系中、在膨润土浆和低固相钻井液体系中应用指标,耐温性能进行了对比实验。实验结果表明,GFN-1作为钻井液添加剂,具有良好的降滤失、降黏、耐温及热稳定性,并兼有优良的控制页岩分散能力,其大多数应用性能相当于或略优于OSAM-K,作为替代品完全能够满足油田现场应用的需要。GFN-1的硅化原料性质稳定、来源广泛,生产工艺简单易行,产品质量稳定,具有较好的推广价值。     

重油纳米化助燃效果研究与表征

将复配的分散剂加入重油中制备得到重油纳米颗粒，采用氧弹热值对比法对所研制的纳米化重油进行实验室评价。研究结果表明，纳米化后的重油燃烧性能得到了改善，在掺水量为3％～12％时，重油的燃烧效率提高了2．5％～6．1％。通过TEM观察，纳米化后的重油呈水包油（O／W）型乳液结构，油水界面清晰，界面膜较厚，乳化油粒径约为20～50nm，油水分散均匀，并且分散后的重油粘度增幅小，掺水量在15％以内，粘度增幅不超过20％，并且随着掺水量的增加，乳化重油的粘度逐渐减少。另外，乳化重油稳定性好，室温下至少可保存6个月，在80℃下存放3天未发生破乳现象。     

注射成型中塑料熔体充填流动的粘度模型研究

对比研究了Cross_Exp 和Cross_WLF两种粘度模型 ,并分别利用这两种模型通过实例模拟研究了熔体粘度的压力依赖性对注射压力模拟的影响     

Continuous formation of slurry ice by cooling water–oil emulsion in a tube

Water-silicone oil emulsion with an additive, (C₂H₅O)₃SiC₃H₆NH₂, was examined as a heat storage material. A spiral tube used as a heat exchanger was immersed in a low temperature bath and the emulsion was circulated in the tube to make ice continuously. Ice was separated from the ice–liquid suspension in an outlet tank. The amount of formed ice, the temperatures of the inlet and the outlet of the heat exchanger, and the temperatures in the tube wall were measured and the overall heat transfer coefficient and the heat flux through the tube were calculated. Experiments were carried out, varying the flow rate, the temperature of cooling brine, and the thickness of tube wall. The condition under which slurry ice was formed continuously without adhesion of ice to the cooling wall was clarified. Though decrease in the thermal resistance of the tube increased the rate of ice formation or raised the brine temperature, it narrowed the range of the flow rate and of the brine temperature in which slurry ice was formed continuously.     

溶聚丁苯橡胶聚合溶液粘度的研究

研究了（乙二醇二甲醚、二乙二醇二甲醚）－正丁基锂－抽余油体系地溶聚乙苯橡胶不同聚合时间聚合溶液粘度的变化，发现聚合溶粘度与活性种的活性有关，高温严重破坏活性种的活性，计节剂量是杀死活性种活性的另一因素。同时考察了不同苯乙烯／丁二烯（S／B）体系，正丁基锂引发剂用量对聚合粘影响规律，发现S／B越大，聚合粘度越小，S／B越小，聚合粘度越大，引发剂用量减少，聚合液粘度增大。     

固液相变蓄能的数学模型和自然对流换热系数的实验研究

引入自然对流换热系数 ,将固液蓄能数学模型简化为仅用能量方程加以描述。并通过实验测得相变过程的实际温度场 ,证明了自然对流固液相变换热的影响不可忽略 ,验证了固液相变界面移动速率随自然对流换热系数的增大而增大的定性关系