基于儿童群体特征需求的导视系统设计

目的 研究儿童公共空间内满足儿童生活需求的导视交互设计。方法 通过对城市儿童公共空间的观察、访谈和实际生存体验,分析儿童的生理特征、认知特征和行为特征,探索儿童生活需求,对人与人之间或人与物之间的交互设计进行有效分析。结论 儿童是不可忽视的行动主体,通过对公共空间内儿童导视系统设计的深入研究与分析,用体验设计、交互设计等方式体现社会生活的人本关怀,让儿童通过导视系统设计关注自我、发展自我。     

Navigating with fingers and feet: Analysis of human (Homo sapiens) and rat (Rattus norvegicus) movement organization during nonvisual spatial tasks.

The current set of studies examines the contribution of movement segmentation to self-movement cue processing for estimating direction and distance to a start location in humans and rats. Experiments 1 and 2 examined the extent that ambulatory dead reckoning tasks can be adapted to the manipulatory scale in humans. Experiments 3 and 4 investigated the performance of rats in similar tasks at their ambulatory scale. Movement segmentation had differential effects on absolute heading error for humans and rats when only comparing performance on specific tasks; however, movement segmentation had similar effects for both species when performance was examined across all tasks. In general, magnitude of movement segmentation was associated with absolute heading error in both humans and rats. In contrast, both species modified homeward segment kinematics based on the distance to the start location in all tasks, consistent with the use of self-movement cues to estimate distance. The current study provides evidence for a role of movement segmentation in processing self-movement cues selective to direction estimation and develops a foundation for future studies investigating the neurobiology of spatial orientation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

综合客运枢纽静态导向标识系统评价研究

为优化客运枢纽标识系统设计,解决其指引功效评估的难题,以寻路理论为基础,利用建筑信息建模（building information modeling,BIM）技术搭建城市综合客运枢纽场景,通过虚拟现实（virtual reality,VR）技术完成虚拟现实环境下的沉浸式寻路实验,从而获取以寻路时间、转错弯次数及停驻观望次数为指标的被试寻路特征,进而采用灰色近优综合评价方法,实现基于BIM+VR技术的多指标条件下综合客运枢纽标识系统评估及优化.结果表明,标识系统设计对被试寻路行为有显著影响.相较于旧版标识系统,被试在新版标识系统环境下流线1中的寻路时间及停驻观望次数显著性降低,转错弯次数无明显差异.同时,被试在新版标识系统环境下流线2中的寻路时间及转错弯次数显著性降低,停驻观望次数无明显差异.新版标识系统近优度大于旧版标识系统,即新版标识系统综合指引功效优于旧版.研究形成以BIM+VR技术为基础、以乘客空间认知为导向的城市综合客运枢纽标识系统一般性评估方法,为其他封闭空间标识系统优化设计研究提供基础.

     

基于石库门地域文化的导视系统设计研究

目的 以石库门地域文化为研究对象,探索地域文化特征应用于导视系统设计的创新方法。方法 收集石库门样本图片,用R语言进行聚类分析,筛选出典型样本。运用语义差异法获取石库门风格意象,采用层次分析法进行石库门设计因子的层次模型构建,从造型、色彩、材质3个方面进行设计因子的提取,搭建层次分析矩阵,计算设计因子的重要性,从而指导导视系统的设计。通过风格意象评价进行导视系统方案的筛选。结果 根据语义差异法和层次分析法,获取石库门地域文化的风格意象和设计因子,并将其应用于老码头创意园导视系统设计。结论 通过石库门风格意象和设计因子的提取方法,提升导视系统和地域文化的融合性,既能为导视系统的创新设计提供动力,又能提升场所的文化气氛,为文化传承指引方向。     

Imprecise Navigation

Conventional models of navigation commonly assume a navigation agents location can be precisely determined. This paper examines the more general case, where an agents actual location cannot be precisely determined. This paper develops a formal model of navigation under imprecision using a graph. Two key strategies for dealing with imprecision are identified and defined: contingency and refinement. A contingency strategy aims to find an instruction sequence that maximizes an agents chances of reaching its destination. A refinement strategy aims to use knowledge gained as an agent moves through the network to disambiguate location. Examples of both strategies are empirically tested using a simulation with computerized navigation agents moving through a road network at different levels of locational imprecision. The results of the simulation indicate that both the strategies, contingency and refinement, applied individually can produce significant improvements in navigation performance under imprecision, at least at relatively fine granularities. Using both strategies in concert produced significant improvements in performance across all granularities.     

浅谈标识导向的人性化设计

人性化设计是人类需求层次提升到一定阶段后对创意行业提出的必然要求,而和＂人＂密切相关的标识导向设计行业也同样如此。随着国内标识企业间竞争的加剧,以及追赶并超越国外同行的需要,对人性化设计提出了更高的要求。加强对＂人＂本身的研究、重视对特殊人群的研究、学习借鉴国外优秀设计经验和案例、借鉴相关学科的研究成果,成为我们有效的研究方法和切入点。     

Easing the integration: A feasible indoor wayfinding system for cognitive impaired people

People with cognitive disabilities have to acquire several skills in order to achieve autonomy and self-development. One of these is indoor navigation through new and complex environments such as their school or work center. We propose a smartphone application that helps them to get from one place to any other in a modeled environment, following a trail of clues. It is based on location through QR codes, which makes it inexpensive, straightforward to implement and reusable. We conducted an experiment on 14 users with several cognitive disabilities in an unfamiliar environment. The results validated both the system and the approach.     

环境导向系统设计中"概念模式"的建立

以环境导向系统需要提供给行人一个合理的"概念模式"来完成相应的行动计划为启示,分析了良好"概念模式"的建立需要从人的思维、需求和行为3个方面开展研究的具体方法。在此基础上,提出了合理的"概念模式"建立的基本原则为:匹配原则,容错原则,指导与反馈原则,并以此作为导向系统构建的基本步骤与方法。     

基于期望的地下步行空间寻路初探

地下步行空间中寻路是地下空间利用所面临的重要问题之一,若处理不当将影响地下空间的使用意愿、使用效率和后续开发价值。合理的寻路设计可以改善地下步行空间的使用体验,提高地下步行系统寻路效率,提升地下空间价值和品位。本文从理想化寻路同现实寻路的差异入手,分析人们在地下空间中的主要寻路期望和可用寻路依据,指出寻路期望与可用寻路依据之间的矛盾是造成寻路失败的重要原因,这种情形在多用途的地下综合体尤为显著;并以新街口商圈地下步行系统为例,调查使用者的寻路构成,分析其寻路目标与可用寻路依据之间的冲突,找出症结所在;最后,从提高地下空间寻路的角度提出地下空间的规划、设计策略建议。     

Use of gestalt in wayfinding design and analysis of wayfinding process

The authors brought forward the definition of “Gestalt space” and indicated this kind of space can be easily cognized. Three experiments showed that “classification” and “grouping” are the human strategies to solve wayfinding problems. “Similarity” and “Legibility” of the space are advantageous to help people to complete wayfinding tasks. The designer should provide the essential “Legibility” in Gestalt space, by using some techniques such as “break” and “accession” to settle the wayfinding problem. __________ Translated from Architectural Journal, 2007, (5): 89–91 [译自: 建筑学报]