机械活化-湿化学合成LiMn2O4的组成、结构与表征

以MnO2和LiOH·H2O为原料,采用机械活化与湿化学集成的方法,在水溶液中直接合成了结晶态的尖晶石锂锰氧化物.当锂含量介于3.78%～4.35%之间时,所得锂锰氧化物为纳米级球形粉末,以尖晶石结构为主,含极少量的Mn3O4杂相;在300～800℃温度范围内热处理后,Mn3O4杂相消失,尖晶石结构更趋完善.所合成的含锂5.80%的高锂样品则以LiMnO2层状结构为主,含少量Mn3O4杂相,其SEM形貌为片状;在300～700℃下热处理8 h后,层状LiMnO2转变成尖晶石LiMn2O4,Mn3O4杂相峰明显减弱并随热处理温度的升高而消失;当温度升高至700～800℃时,开始出现缺锂的Li1-xMn2O4相.结果表明:该法制备锂锰氧化物可实现锂、锰、氧在原子级水平的均匀混合,所得产物的热稳定性能良好,其化学计量组成与结构易于调整和控制.     

经不同熔体处理的易拉罐用铝材的热压缩变形组织

采用动态热/力模拟实验技术对经不同熔体处理的易拉罐用铝材进行高温压缩变形实验,并用光学显微镜、透射电镜分析探讨其热变形组织特征。结果表明:冶金质量影响易拉罐用铝材的动态再结晶组织特征,在未处理或常规熔体处理状态下存在枝晶网胞结构,晶粒组织不均匀;高效熔体处理使易拉罐用铝材在较低的温度下即可通过亚晶合并方式发生动态再结晶,并在变形温度573~673 K、应变速率0.1~1.0 s-1、变形量约0.7的较宽的热变形工艺条件下可获得细小且分布较均匀的再结晶晶粒组织。     

Flow stress and softening behavior of wrought magnesium alloy AZ31B at elevated temperature

1　INTRODUCTIONThewroughtmagnesiumalloyshaveexcellentspecificstrengthandstiffness ,machinability ,dampcapacity ,dimensionalstability ,lowmeltingcostsandare ,hence ,veryattractiveinsuchapplicationsasau tomobile ,aviation ,electronicandcommunicationin dustry[16 ] .Investigationsontheflowstressandsofteningbehaviorofmagnesiumalloysathigherformingtem peratureandstrainratehavebeenanimportantsub jectinwroughtmagnesiumalloysforming[710 ] .InthispapertheflowstressandsofteningbehaviorofAZ31Bdeform…     

Aging and mechanical properties of NR/BR blends

The mechanical properties and post-thermal aging properties of natural rubber (NR) and polybutadiene rubber (BR) blends at different blending ratios are investigated herein. The experimental results show that both tensile and tear strengths of NR/BR blends increase with increasing NR content. BR has a higher compression stiffness than NR. The deformation of BR is less than that of NR under the same load conditions. With regard to aging properties, both tensile stress and strain of NR/BR blends decrease after prolonged aging. In addition, the stress loss of BR is lower than that of NR, meaning that the aging resistance property of BR is superior to that of NR. Furthermore, accumulated thermal history has shifted the glass transition temperature (T _g) of NR/BR blends toward lower temperatures while the loss tangent (tan δ) value increases with prolonged thermal aging.     

铸态AZ80镁合金高温热变形行为研究

在Gleeble-1500热模拟机上对铸态AZ80镁合金在应变速率为0.005s-1~5s-1、变形温度为200℃~400℃条件下的高温热压缩变形行为进行了研究。结果表明,材料真应力-真应变曲线呈现动态再结晶特征。在温度T≥250℃,试样流变应力行为对应变速率敏感;在低温下T=200℃,应变速率对流变应力影响不大。高温下试样流变应力符合幂指数函数关系,应力指数n为6,热变形激活能Q为220kJ/mol。在高应变速率条件下,试样在变形中的温升是应变量的函数。实验中,Zener-Hollomon参数值大的试样温升明显,而Zener-Hollomon值小的试样变形温度基本保持不变。     

小波分析与漏磁检测信号处理

详细介绍了小波分析的基本理论,并将其引入到钢管漏磁探伤信号的分析中,可以去除噪声、压缩数据和检测奇异性,而且为缺陷的定性和定量分析提供了新的判定方法.     

Effect of temperature on mechanical behavior of AZ31 magnesium alloy

Strain rate sensitivity and tension/compression asymmetry of AZ31 magnesium alloy at different temperatures and strainrates were investigated.Both of mechanical behaviors are temperature dependent.Strain rate sensitivity increases with increasingtemperature.Thermally activated slip is the source of strain rate sensitivity.At the temperature below or near 373 K,strain ratesensitivity is very little.Tension/compression asymmetry in yielding decreases with increasing temperature.Twinning is the reasonof tension/compression asymmetry.At the temperature above or near 573 K,the material shows little tension/compressionasymmetry of the flow stress.     

结晶法净化湿法磷酸生产磷酸二氢钾研究

研究了三聚氰胺结晶法净化湿法磷酸复分解生产精细磷酸二氢钾工艺中磷酸三聚氰胺与氯化钾反应生产磷酸二氢钾的工艺条件。采用二次正交组合实验设计，对反应过程中反应温度，反应时间，搅拌速度，氯化钾用量，氯化钾初始浓度等诸因素的一次作用，二次作用及交互作用对五氧化二磷转化率的影响进行了研究，得到了适宜的工艺条件，所得磷酸二氢钾达到HG2321－91质量标准。     

Study of the copper leaching in the wet oxidation of phenol with CuO-based catalysts: Causes and effects

Catalytic wet oxidation of phenol as a model pollutant has been performed in a three phase fixed-bed reactor (FBR) by using a commercial catalyst based on copper oxide in order to analyze the variables affecting significantly the copper leaching. It has been found that temperature has an almost negligible influence in the range studied (70–160 °C). On the contrary, an important effect of the pH value was noticed. The copper leaching reduces when the pH of the solution fed to the reactor increases, being almost negligible at pH ≥ 5. Moreover, the composition of the reaction media also influences the leaching. Higher copper concentrations than those expected by the effect of the acid aqueous media have been measured in the reactor effluent when phenol, catechol, hydroquinone, p-benzoquinone and maleic acid are present in the reaction media. On the contrary, oxalic acid has a negative influence on the leaching, since it captures the copper in solution to form copper oxalate which precipitates on the catalyst surface. For a previously acidified medium, the acetic and formic acids do not have any other effect on the copper leaching. It has been also demonstrated that as copper in solution decreases, so does phenol conversion, because the homogeneous catalysis contributes significantly to the oxidation reactions even in fixed-bed reactors.     

PBX炸药细观损伤的实验研究

为研究PBX炸药在冲击作用下的物理损伤、化学损伤及成热的物理机制,采用炸药爆炸驱动隔板实验技术对PBX炸药进行了冲击压缩实验,回收炸药试样并对其不同位置处的断面形貌进行SEM分析.结果表明,随着冲击能量的增加,其温度效应的影响越来越显著,损伤模式从物理损伤向化学损伤过渡.这为XDT问题中的"热点"形成机制等研究提供了实验基础.