磷酸铵镁沉淀与沸石吸附组合工艺处理海水中的氨氮

大量陆源营养物质的输入是导致我国近岸海域富营养化问题的主要原因, 传统生化法对海水中氮磷处理能力有限, 天然沸石凭借较强的选择性离子交换性能已成为一种较为经济和高效的水处理材料。本研究通过穿透实验考察了天然沸石对海水中氨氮的动态吸附性能, 采用磷酸铵镁(MAP)沉淀和沸石吸附组合工艺对海水中氨氮进行处理。实验结果表明, 天然沸石吸附氨氮达平衡时间随过滤速度的增大而减小, 随滤层高度的增加而增大, Logistic模型能较好反映天然沸石对海水中氨氮的动态吸附过程。MAP沉淀法与沸石吸附法联用可以将海水中氨氮含量降低至较低水平, 适宜的滤柱过滤条件为:滤速20L/h, 滤层高度100cm。通过焙烧或NaCl浸洗处理能够恢复天然沸石对海水中氨氮的吸附能力, 300℃焙烧2h和1.5mol/L NaCl溶液浸洗24h条件下的再生率分别为99.38%和122.22%。     

利用工业级原料合成低硅铝比X沸石分子筛

采用工业级原料偏铝酸钠和水玻璃用两步水热法制备出低硅铝比X型沸石分子筛（ LSX）,降低了合成成本。实验结果表明,合成的LSX沸石分子筛结晶好,为纯相,呈棱柱形貌,且具有很好的吸附性能。考察了反应温度、时间和碱度对合成的影响,与一步合成法相比,两步水热法反应时间更短,更容易生成纯相的LSX沸石分子筛。碱度升高会导致方钠石（ SOD）的生成,碱度降低更有利于A型沸石分子筛的生长。     

沸石粉对PP中VOC散发性能的影响

报道了利用沸石粉减少聚丙烯(PP)中挥发性有机化合物(VOC)的方法.通过调整烘烤、挤出工艺等方法优化了PP中VOC散发性能,并利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪对结果进行表征.结果表明,将PP以110℃烘烤18 h,并与2份沸石粉共混后在挤出机内210℃下真空挤出是最佳挤出工艺.在该条件下,PP中TVOC散发浓度在10307μg/m3左右,表明该方法具有一定的开发价值.     

A novel hybrid adsorption heat pump water heater

A hybrid adsorption heat pump water heater has been studied for domestic use. It is a water heater with dual heat sources, and it combines the performances of adsorption heat pumps and conventional gas boilers. Moreover, functional adsorbent material‐zeolite (FAM‐Z02, Mitsubishi Chemicals) and water are a new adsorption pair for adsorption heat pumps. This article describes the operation, design, and performance analysis of one such water‐heating device. The experimental results showed that the hybrid water heater in the whole year has a stable COP even at low ambient temperature. The hybrid water heater can thus achieve high energy efficiency.     

Infrared study of nitrogen monoxide adsorption on palladium ion-exchanged ZSM-5 catalysts

The adsorption of NO at room temperature on a H-ZSM-5 catalyst exchanged with Pd(NH₃) ₄ ²⁺ complex and activated in oxygen at 773 K has been examined by FTIR spectroscopy. After the oxidizing treatment, the Pd tetrammine complex decomposed into Pd(II) ions and/or Pd(II) hydroxyl complexes dispersed in the zeolite channels. The subsequent adsorption of NO at room temperature led to the reduction of Pd(II) to Pd(I) entities, resulting in the formation and adsorption of NO₂ on H-ZSM-5. The Pd(I) entities were shown to adsorb NO and form mononitrosyl complexes dispersed in the zeolite porosity and characterized by a single infrared absorption band at 1881 cm^–1. The Pd(I) mononitrosyl complex was shown to reversibly coordinate water and NO₂ molecules. The resulting nitrosyl complex was characterized by a single NO vibration band at 1836 cm^–1.     

天然沸石在水处理中的应用

对天然沸石的概况和性质作了简单的概括,并对国内外在利用天然沸石处理污水中的有机物、氨氮、重金属,饮用水中除氟以及沸石在滤池中的净水作用作了归纳和总结。同时,对天然沸石在水处理中的应用前景作了初步的展望。     

沸石的改性及其在废水处理中的应用

沸石作为一种廉价的非金属矿物在废水处理中应用已久,本文针对天然沸石的局限性,提出了沸石的改性方法以及改性后沸石在水处理中的应用和前景。     

CrHZSM-5 Zeolites – Highly Efficient Catalysts for Catalytic Cracking of Isobutane to Produce Light Olefins

The CrHZSM-5 catalysts with trace amount of Cr were firstly used for catalytic cracking of isobutane, and the effect of Cr-loading on the catalytic performances of CrHZSM-5 catalysts for the cracking of isobutane was also studied. The results suggested that when the loading of Cr in the CrHZSM-5 catalysts was less than 0.038 mmol/g Cr, especially at Cr loading of 0.004 mmol/g, both the reactivity of isobutane cracking and the selectivity to light olefins of CrHZSM-5 samples were greatly enhanced compared with the unpromoted HZSM-5, and very high yields of olefins(C₂+C₃) and ethylene were obtained. For instance, the yield of olefins(C₂+C₃) and ethylene reached 56.1% and 30.8%, respectively, at 625 °C when 0.004 mmol/g Cr was loaded on HZSM-5 sample.     

低硅铝比X分子筛合成研究进展

综述了低硅铝比X分子筛合成的研究进展,分别从常规化学药品原料、非常规原料高岭土和其他原料进行了评述,并分析了各种原料和合成方法的优缺点,详细介绍了常规原料合成低硅铝比X分子筛的几种方法,重点讨论了在钾钠体系下低温老化高温晶化两步法合成低硅铝比X分子筛的研究进展,指出了高岭土和常规原料合成低硅铝比X分子筛存在物料不纯、活性不足、预处理工序复杂问题和不足。     

粉煤灰沸石碱性活化方法研究

粉煤灰是一种主要成分为硅铝酸盐的工业废弃物,粉煤灰沸石合成转化是其高值化应用的一个发展方向。利用碱性试剂活化粉煤灰是粉煤灰合成沸石的重要途径,研究比较了粉煤灰碱性活化合成沸石的干法和湿法工艺,包括水热法、高温熔融水热法和盐熔法的现状、特点、合成机理,并对碱性活化剂氢氧化钠、硅铝比、煅烧条件等影响因素做了分析研究。