Effects of main factors on remedying northern landscaping water by hybrid ecological filter

Natural zeolite and coal cinder were layered as main packing medium of the ecological filter instead of traditional filling to remedy the static lake water in Northern China.The ecological filter was running in a combined upward and downward flow mode.Dynamic experiments were carried out to study the effects of retention time and ambient temperature on pollutants’ removal efficiency of the hybrid ecological filter.The function of plant was also studied by contrast test.It is showed that the removal efficiencies of NH4+-N and TP are increased when the retention time is changed from 1 h to 2 h and 4 h,but the removal efficiency of TN is decreased,the removal efficiency of NH4+-N is increased from 91.5% to 98% and that of TP is increased from 31.8% to 52.5%.When the temperature declines,the temporal removal efficiency of NH4+-N is reduced,but the removal efficiency of 24 h and 48 h is remained.The removal efficiency of TP after 24 h and 48 h is decreased when the temperature declines evidently.The retention time plays an important role in NH4+-N and TP removal,and the ambient temperature is significant for TP removal.The plant favors for TP and organic matter removal but has little effect on TN removal.     

NO在HZSM-5分子筛中吸附的实验与分子模拟

通过实验测定了NO在HZSM-5型中部分条件下的吸附性能,然后运用巨正则系综Monte Carlo方法（grand canonical assemblage Monte Carlo,GCMC）建立了相应的吸附模型,模拟计算了其相应的吸附行为．在实验与模拟结果相吻合的基础上,进一步模拟计算了NO在HZSM-5型分子筛中的吸附等温线、吸附微观构型及吸附热等性质．计算结果表明,随着硅铝比及分子筛中的自由体积增大,其对NO的吸附量增加,NO主要吸附在十元环直孔道和Zigzag形状的十元环孔道的中央;氢离子的存在在一定程度上阻碍了NO的扩散;在吸附量相同的条件下,NO在HZSM-5型分子筛的吸附热随着硅铝比的升高而升高．     

氯化钠改性沸石对饮用水中低浓度氨氮的吸附性能分析

通过静态实验,研究改性沸石对饮用水中含低浓度氨氮（0．8～1．0mg／L）的吸附性能,考察沸石投加量、原水pH值、搅拌时间对氨氮去除效果的影响,同时也对改性沸石吸附动力学进行了研究．结果表明：氯化钠改性增加了沸石的活性,与天然沸石相比,改性沸石去除氨氮的效果提高了40％左右;通过XRD表征可知,天然沸石经无机盐改性后,吸附氨氮的活性组分明显增多;动力学研究表明,沸石去除水中的氨氮是快速吸附和缓慢吸附两种行为共同作用的结果,该过程符合Freundlich和Langmuir等温式,动力学方程可用二阶反应来描述．     

纳米ZSM-5沸石上丁烯芳构化反应

用小型固定床加压反应器研究了液化石油气（C4 LPG）中的丁烯在纳米ZSM-5型催化剂DLG-1上的低温芳构化反应，重点考察了原料中二烯烃和碱性氮杂质，以及反应温度、压力和C4 LPG进料重量空速（WHSV LPG）条件对催化剂芳构化反应活性及稳定性的影响。结果表明：原料中的二烯烃和碱性氮杂质都能加速催化剂失活，其中碱性氮的失活作用比二烯烃大。反应温度、压力和进料重量空速都对催化剂性能有显著影响，最佳反应条件为450℃、2. 0 MPa和WHSV LPG=0. 83 h-1。反应温度、压力和进料空速过高都会导致催化剂积炭失活速度加快。     

Dehydration of water/1-1-dimethylhydrazine mixtures by zeolite membranes

In this research, dehydration of water/1-1-dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) mixtures by zeolite NaA and hydroxy sodalite membranes has been investigated. Support of these membranes has been tubular mullites that have been made by extruding a mixture of about 67–75% kaolin clay and 33–25% distilled water using an extruder. Zeolite NaA and hydroxy sodalite membranes have been coated on the external surface of the porous supports by the hydrothermal synthesis.

UDMH/water mixtures have been separated at ambient temperature and pressure by pervaporation (PV) using these zeolite membranes. These membranes showed very high selectivity of water for all UDMH mixtures. For the UDMH/water mixtures, separation factor as high as 10 000 has been obtained for UDMH feed concentration of 2%. Total mass fluxes of 1.05–0.2 kg/(m² h) have been also obtained.     

“拟原位”法测定积炭催化剂有效扩散系数

用新设计的单片反应器制备积炭催化剂试样,与动态法测定催化剂微孔有效扩散系数的装置相配合,并采用以水为吸附介质的动态毛细凝聚法和毛细上升法测定积炭催化剂压片的孔隙率,实现了积炭催化剂粒内有效扩散系数的“拟原位”测定要求,避免了催化剂颗粒反应积炭后再研磨、压片对有效扩散系数测定带来的假象。本文利用提出的“拟原位”方法得到了ZSM-5沸石催化剂上乙苯/乙烯烷基化过程中反应-失活全过程的有效扩散系数变化曲线。     

Alkylation of toluene with 1‐dodecene over HFAU zeolite. Deactivation and regeneration

The alkylation of toluene with 1dodecene was carried out over a HFAU zeolite (total and framework Si/Al ratio = 25) under the following conditions: fixedbed reactor, 90°C, molar toluene/dodecene ratio of 3, WHSV =10 h^–. Monododecyltoluenes are selectively formed, bidodecyltoluenes appearing only in low amounts at a complete conversion of dodecene. Tridodecyltoluenes are also formed inside the supercages but cannot desorb from the zeolite. These compounds, mainly located in the outer part of the crystallites are responsible for catalyst deactivation. However, tridodecyltoluenes can be completely removed by treatment under toluene flow, which allows a complete regeneration of the catalyst. This removal occurs by transalkylation between tridodecyltoluenes and toluene molecules with a final formation of monododecyltoluenes. At least, the first transalkylation steps occur between toluene in the liquid phase and tridodecyltoluenes in the zeolite pores (pore mouth catalysis).     

磷改性ZSM-5分子筛物化性质和裂解制乙烯性能的研究

The physicochemical features of phosphorus-modified ZSM-5 zeolites (SiO2/Al2O3 molar ratio is 25) were characterized by XRD(X-ray diffraction), BET(Brunauer, Emmett and Teller spcific surface area measurement), NH3-TPD(ammonia temperature-programmed desorption) and MASNMR(magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance), and the performance on catalytic pyrolysis to produce ethylene was investigated with a light hydrocarbon fixed bed micro-reactor with n-octane as feed. The results show that the acid site density, acid intensity and hydrothermal stability of ZSM-5 zeolite were improved by phosphorus modification. When P205 content in ZSM-5 zeolite is higher than 2.5%, phosphorus modification can prevent ZSM-5 zeolite crystal structure transformation from orthorhombic to monoclinic. In addition, the dealumination of ZSM-5 zeolite framework was moderated by phosphorus modification under high temperature hydrothermal treatment. The results of n-octane pyrolysis on phosphorus-modified ZSM-5 zeolites show that ethylene yields of zeolites with different phosphorus content are almost the same under the same n-octane conversion. However, the modified zeolites with higher pyrolysis activity give lower yield of propene, butene and total olefin than lower pyrolysis activity under the same n-octane conversion.     

毛细管膜生物反应器中加沸石对膜污染的影响

通过处理生活污水时毛细管膜污染状况的研究，考察了膜水通量随沸石投加量而变化的情况。在操作压力为0．025MPa，膜面流速为0．8m/s，p(MLSS)为3000mg／L的条件下，与不投加沸石直接处理生活污水相比，沸石的投加使膜水通量上升，总阻力下降；试验还探讨了沸石最佳投加量问题。结果表明，沸石的投加可改善膜面泥饼性质，提高水通量，是一种积极的膜污染防治手段。     

SAPO-34动态脱附特性实验研究

针对吸附材料在太阳能吸附式制冷系统中的应用,利用称重法在高温真空环境下对水的脱附性能进行了实验研究,探究不同温度、压力对SAPO-34沸石分子筛脱附性能的影响.结果表明:温度对材料脱附性能的影响要远大于压力的影响,这在吸附式制冷系统中是非常有利的;当压力一定时,材料的脱附完善度随温度的升高而增大,且不随温度变化均匀分布.温度过高会影响SAPO-34的性能及影响材料的使用寿命;当温度一定时,材料的脱附完善度随着压力的降低而增大,其变化随压力变化分布得较为均匀.