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41.
新型重整催化剂的研究——Pt/L中沸石酸碱性的作用   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
Pt/KL、Pt/BaKL及Pt/HL上的铂与沸石的酸碱位发生相互作用,导致催化剂上存在不同电子状态和粒度分布的铂位,从而产生有着完全不同催化作用、不同抗硫性能的两类催化剂,即以碱性沸石为载体的“单功能”催化剂和以酸性沸石为载体的“双功能”催化剂。在Pt/KL、Pt/BaKL催化剂上,存在着对硫敏感的具有环化脱氢功能和对硫不敏感的仅具有脱氢功能的两类铂活性位。  相似文献   
42.
As a consequence of the phasing out of CFCs, sorption systems appear to be potential candidates to replace vapour compression systems. Amongst sorption systems there exists a choice between several systems, such as liquid absorption, solid adsorption and chemical reaction heat pumps. Nevertheless, few comparative studies between these systems have been undertaken so far. It is the aim of this paper to present such a study based on combined first and second law thermodynamical analysis of the different cycles. Simple entropy generation processes explain why the basic cycles for these systems yield performances much lower than the Carnot efficiency. The possibility of operating regenerative cycles with internal heat recovery and higher efficiencies has also been considered for typical common base conditions. Different entropy generation considerations have been visualised, such as thermal coupling (external/internal), non-uniform temperature component entropy production and other irreversible processes for the COP degradation in these systems. It is found that thermal coupling irreversibilities in solid sorption systems and other internal irreversibilities in liquid sorption systems with solution heat exchanger are dominant in the actual COP degradation with respect to the reversible Carnot COP.  相似文献   
43.
The dye-sensitized TiO2 complex films were prepared by the dye coat onto TiO2 surfaces,and the sensitizing mechanism and adsorption properties of the dye-sensitized TiO2 complex films were inverstigated.The influence of the application conditions of dye adsorbed on TiO2 films on the amount of dye adsorption was discussed.Experimental results show that the concentration,the temperature of dye solutions and the dipping time of TiO2 films in the dye solutions have a significant influence on the amount of dye adsorption.Cell test indicates that the conversion efficiency of light to electricity increases with the amount of dye adsorption.  相似文献   
44.
含羧基的聚乙烯醇胺肟螯合纤维吸附钯的研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
研究了含羧基的聚乙烯醇胺肟(PVAAO-AAc)螯合纤维对钯的吸附,讨论了pH、温度、浓度、吸附时间对吸附率及回收率的影响。确定了最佳吸附条件,吸附钯的纤维用5%硫脲+0.10mol/L硝酸溶液可以解吸。  相似文献   
45.
吸附制冷循环的热力计算及热力学评价方法探讨   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
在化工吸附,吸附热力学及Polanyi吸附位势理论的基础上,介绍吸附制冷基本型循环,推演其参数坐标图,进而分析,给出其主要性能指标的热力计算,然后以热力学的逆卡诺循环和内可逆三热源循环模型为指针,对此制冷循环进行考察。并结合热力计算对其热力学完善性做出评价,从而给出了吸附制冷基本型循环合适的热力学评价方法。  相似文献   
46.
TNT-RDX混合废水处理的实验研究——生物-吸附法   总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5  
介绍了在25 ̄35℃的温度下,用厌氧-兼氧-水生生物-吸附组合工艺处理TNT和RDX混合废水的方法,进行了日处理量为60 ̄900L的实验室放大实验。当TNT和RDX混合废水总浓度为4 ̄12mg/L时,经过该工艺处理后可达到国家排放标准。其中厌氧-兼氧能去除废水中80%以上的TNT和RDX,水生生物(水葫芦)对TNT及RDX也有一定的降解效果,最后用活性炭吸附可以实现深度处理。  相似文献   
47.
The alkali-metal Na adsorption on Si(100)2×1 surface and its promoted oxidation and Si oxidegrowth have been investigated by means of thermal desorption,work function,Auger electronspectroscopy and photoemission electron spectroscopy.The experimental data showed that therewas a new state,interface electron state,near the Fermi level after the deposition of Na atoms.It wasfound that the presence of Na always caused an increase of the oxygen initial uptake whereas thepromotion of Si oxide growth was observed only at the coverage of Na greater than 0.5 ML.A newmechanism of Na-promoted Si oxide growth is suggested in this paper.  相似文献   
48.
There is a need for developing low cost, easily and abundantly available, yet efficient, adsorbents for the removal of phosphates during the tertiary treatment of wastewaters. The tamarind nut shell activated carbon (TNSAC) prepared on a laboratory scale has been used to evaluate its performance for phosphate adsorption. This paper describes the laboratory production of this adsorbent material in its various forms, and discusses the effects of the TNSAC process variables (the unrinsed and rinsed forms of the TNSAC and the impregnation ratio) on its performance in adsorbing phosphate. The material has been shown to be a good alternative adsorbent. As much as 95% phosphate removal by the unrinsed TNSAC is possible in about 30 min under the test conditions. The phosphate adsorbing capacity is about two times higher for the unrinsed TNSAC in comparison to the rinsed TNSAC. The adsorption rates, however, transit to extremely low rates towards the end when equilibrium conditions could be attained in about 2 h contact time. The phosphate removal mechanics are adsorption and precipitation/ion exchange when unrinsed TNSAC is used, and adsorption alone for the rinsed TNSAC. The maximum phosphate removal is found to take place at an impregnation ratio of 1.0 for both forms of the TNSAC.  相似文献   
49.
Water activity of multicomponent mixture of solutes and non-solutes   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
An equation has been derived to calculate the water activity (Aw) of multicomponent mixtures of solutes and non‐solutes. The equation is based on a previous Caurie adsorption equation and it depends on the number of component ingredients and the initial moisture contents of the ingredients in the mixture. Solute and non‐solute/water interaction effects in solution were identified as playing important roles in determining accurate equilibrium Aws of the aqueous mixtures. The new equation allows for interaction effects in mixed solution/suspensions and has been tested on model foods (the data was taken from the literature) containing up to five solutes and non‐solute components. The equation displays a high degree of accuracy. Unlike the Ross equation, which applies only approximately to mixtures of dilute solutions, the new equation applies to mixtures at all solution concentrations and to wet solids.  相似文献   
50.
A new method for analysis of trace mercury in water samples was developed, based on the combination of preconcentration/separation using dithizone-modified nanometer titanium dioxide (TiO2) as a solid phase extractant and determination by cold vapor atomic adsorption spectrometry (CVAAS). Dithizone was dissolved with alcohol and loaded on the surface of nano-sized TiO2 powders by stirring. The static adsorption behavior of Hg2 on the dithizone-modified nanoparticles was investigated in detail. It was found that excellent adsorption ratio for Hg2 could be obtained in the pH range of 7-8 with an oscillation time of 15 min, and a 5 mL of 3.5 mol·L-1 HCl solution could quantitatively elute Hg2 from nanometer TiO2 powder. Common coexisting ions caused no obvious influence on the determination of mercury. The mechanisms for the adsorption and desorption were discussed. The detection limit (3σ) for Hg2 was calculated to be 5 ng·L-1. The proposed method was applied to the determination of Hg2 in a mineral water sample and a Zhujiang River water sample. By the standard addition method, the average recoveries were found to be 94.4%-108.3% with RSD (n = 5) of 2.9%-3.5%.  相似文献   
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