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排序方式: 共有32条查询结果,搜索用时 7 毫秒
1.
Berger Andrea; Sadeh Michelle; Tzur Gabriel; Shuper Avinoam; Kornreich Liora; Inbar Dov; Cohen Ian J.; Michowiz Shalom; Yaniv Isaac; Constantini Shlomi; Kessler Yoav; Merian Nachshon 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2005,19(3):362
The authors of this study investigated task switching following cerebellar damage. The study group consisted of 7 children and adolescents (M age = 13.8 years) who underwent surgical removal of a benign posterior fossa tumor. They were tested at a sufficient interval after surgery (M lag = 6.13 years) for restoration of normal cognitive skills and intelligence. Although all showed normal learning of the task compared with control participants, when rapid behavioral changes were required (short preparation time), they exhibited behavioral rigidity manifested by enhanced switching cost. These results are in line with another study on serial reaction time with the same patients (A. Berger et al., in press). They have important implications for our understanding of the cognitive sequelae of early cerebellar damage as well as the involvement of the cerebellum in task switching. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
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Decompressive craniectomy is one of the most common neurosurgical procedures, usually performed after neuropathological disorders, such as traumatic brain injury (TBI), but also vascular accidents (strokes), erosive tumours, infections and other congenital abnormalities. This procedure is usually followed by the reconstruction of the cranial vault, which is also known as cranioplasty (CP). The gold-standard material for the reconstruction process is the autologous bone of the patient. However, this is not always a feasible option for all patients. Several heterologous materials have been created in the last decades to overcome such limitation. One of the most prominent materials that started to be used in CP is porous hydroxyapatite. PHA is a bioceramic material from the calcium phosphate family. It is already widely used in other medical specialties and only recently in neurosurgery. In this narrative review of the literature, we summarize the evidence on the use of PHA for cranial reconstruction, highlighting the clinical properties and limitations. We also explain how this material contributed to changing the concept of cranial reconstruction from reparative to regenerative surgery. 相似文献
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《Planning》2017,(6)
手术是绝大部分侧颅底病变的首选治疗方式。因侧颅底解剖结构复杂,毗邻脑及重要血管神经,手术容易致死或致残,限制了该部位手术的实施。脑、后组颅神经、面神经、听力功能是该部位手术保护的重点,恰当处理功能保留和切除病变的关系、良好的外科操作技能以及合理使用介入、导航等新的辅助技术是侧颅底手术中实现器官功能保护的关键。 相似文献
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Confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM) was used to study the microcirculation of the brain neocortex in anaesthetized rats. After removal of the dura mater, implantation of a closed cranial window, and intravenous injection of fluorescein, three-dimensional reconstructions of cortical capillaries were performed down to a depth of 250 μm below the pial surface. Using a one-dimensional approach (single line scanning), erythrocyte (negative contrast in fluorescently labelled plasma) and leucocyte (labelled with rhodamine 6 G) velocity and supply rate in cortical capillaries were measured. The effect of CO2-inhalation on capillary blood flow dynamics was studied. Capillaries were imaged continuously for up to 1 h without changes in flow or fluorescence pattern. However, by increasing the laser power 10–100-fold, aggregate formation was induced and capillaries were occluded, possibly due to damage to vascular endothelium. We conclude that CSLM can be used to study morphological and dynamic aspects of fluorescently labelled subsurface structures in organs of experimental animals. 相似文献
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Shawn A. Hallett Annabelle Zhou Curtis Herzog Ariel Arbiv Wanida Ono Noriaki Ono 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(14)
The cranial base contains a special type of growth plate termed the synchondrosis, which functions as the growth center of the skull. The synchondrosis is composed of bidirectional opposite-facing layers of resting, proliferating, and hypertrophic chondrocytes, and lacks the secondary ossification center. In long bones, the resting zone of the epiphyseal growth plate houses a population of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP)-expressing chondrocytes that contribute to the formation of columnar chondrocytes. Whether PTHrP+ chondrocytes in the synchondrosis possess similar functions remains undefined. Using Pthrp-mCherry knock-in mice, we found that PTHrP+ chondrocytes predominantly occupied the lateral wedge-shaped area of the synchondrosis, unlike those in the femoral growth plate that reside in the resting zone within the epiphysis. In vivo cell-lineage analyses using a tamoxifen-inducible Pthrp-creER line revealed that PTHrP+ chondrocytes failed to establish columnar chondrocytes in the synchondrosis. Therefore, PTHrP+ chondrocytes in the synchondrosis do not possess column-forming capabilities, unlike those in the resting zone of the long bone growth plate. These findings support the importance of the secondary ossification center within the long bone epiphysis in establishing the stem cell niche for PTHrP+ chondrocytes, the absence of which may explain the lack of column-forming capabilities of PTHrP+ chondrocytes in the cranial base synchondrosis. 相似文献
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Mabbott Donald J.; Penkman Louise; Witol Adrienne; Strother Douglas; Bouffet Eric 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2008,22(2):159
Identifying cognitive deficits associated with pediatric brain tumors and their treatment is important in delineating the mechanisms of intellectual decline often associated with these diseases. The authors evaluated sustained attention, information processing speed, working memory, and IQ in 64 patients with posterior fossa tumors, including those treated with either: (a) surgery and cranial radiation (n = 32), and (b) surgery without radiation (n = 32). Ten patients treated for non-CNS solid tumors were included as a comparison group. The authors also examined the impact of relevant demographic and medical variables on neurocognitive outcome. The authors found that neither age at, nor time since, diagnosis predicted cognitive outcome in this sample. Further, sustained attention and working memory were largely intact and there were no differences between groups. Patients treated with cranial radiation demonstrated lowered short-form IQ and slow information processing speed: Patients treated with cranial radiation and who experienced postsurgical complications demonstrated the poorest performance. The authors consider information processing speed to be an excellent candidate mechanism in understanding the impact of cranial radiation on intellectual outcome. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
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In this paper, a single-shot 360-degree cranial deformity detection system using digital image correlation (DIC) is presented to quickly obtain and detect accurate 3D data of infants’ cranium. By introducing plane mirrors into a stereo 3D DIC measurement system, a multi-view 3D imaging model is established to convert 3D data from real and virtual perspectives into 360-degree 3D data of the tested infant cranium, achieving single-shot and panoramic 3D measurement. Experimental results showed that the performance and measurement accuracy of the proposed system can meet the requirements for cranial deformity detection, which provides a fast, accurate, and low-cost solution medically. 相似文献
10.
Ling Wang Dongxuan Li Yawen Huang Ruiqi Mao Boqing Zhang Fengxiong Luo Peiyang Gu Ping Song Xiang Ge Jian Lu Xusheng Yang Yujiang Fan Xingdong Zhang Kefeng Wang 《Advanced functional materials》2024,34(3):2309042
In situ mineralization is a promising strategy to mimic the physicochemical properties of biominerals and is widely applied in the field of bone repair. Given the high requirement for substance exchange in cranial bone regeneration, in situ mineralized organic–inorganic hybrid materials exhibit advantages. However, the integration of remarkable mineral content, mechanical properties, and osteogenic properties also remains a major challenge. Herein, enhanced in situ mineralization through combining the enzymatic and anion-boosted mineralization is applied to promote the mineralization efficiency, mineral content, and mechanical properties. Based on the results of computational calculations and in vitro mineralization experiments, the mechanism of mineralization enhancement is investigated from the perspectives of nucleation sites and the saturation of in situ mineralization. Anionic polyaspartic acid (pAsp) can increase the saturation of in situ mineralization; enzymatic mineralization shows high efficiency, with minerals of low crystallinity. The changes in the properties of the minerals effectively enhance the biological properties of 3D-printed scaffolds, as confirmed by cell proliferation/differentiation experiments in vitro and in cranial bone regeneration in vivo. This strategy provides a new thinking for the preparation of bionic mineralized scaffolds for cranial bone repair, and can greatly promote the efficiency of bone regeneration. 相似文献