油水分离充气旋流器的研究进展

充气旋流器是利用离心惯性力强化浮选效果的新型设备，综述了用于油水分离的充气旋流器的结构，分离机理和影响因素的研究进展，并提出展望。     

炭质泥岩粗粒土动态回弹模量及预估模型研究

【目的】为研究炭质泥岩粗粒土动态回弹模量在荷载、级配和含水率影响下的变化规律,【方法】开展室内三轴试验,探究不同应力状况、分形维数和含水率条件下炭质泥岩粗粒土的动回弹特性。【结果】试验结果显示：炭质泥岩粗粒土动态回弹模量随体应力的增大而增大,随动偏应力和含水率的增大而减小;含水率对动态回弹模量影响较大,在含水率较小时,回弹模量随分形维数的增大而减小,随着含水率的增大,回弹模量逐渐随分形维数的增大而增大。【结论】采用三参数复合模型对试验结果进行回归分析,试验结果与模型有较好的拟合效果,并提出了基于含水率和分形维数的三参数经验预估模型,可有效预估炭质泥岩粗粒土动态回弹模量。     

粗粒料级配缩尺中相似比例对密度影响的试验研究

针对粗粒料密度研究中变量复杂问题,为探究不同相似比例n值对试验材料密度变化的影响规律,以红石岩堰塞坝料的两条代表性级配为研究对象,在相同的试验条件和参数标准下,分别研究不同变量指标对密度的影响。结果显示:最大干密度和最小干密度均随相似比例n值的增加呈先增加后减小的变化趋势;同时,由于相似比例n值的不同引起了其它级配特征值的变化,材料P_5含量在小于30%范围内变化时对最大干密度的影响较为明显,随P_5含量的增大呈增大趋势;C_u/C_c对密度的影响与P_5相似,下凹型级配中最大干密度和最小干密度随中值粒径d_(50)增大呈先增大后减小,总体趋于减小的变化规律。结果表明:相似比例n值会影响材料之间粗细颗粒的填充关系,对下凹型级配曲线密度产生明显影响,对平均级配曲线影响较小,室内试验时需选择适宜的相似比例。     

哈尔滨地区汛期径流量变化趋势与复杂性分析

区域水文要素复杂性研究是当今的热点问题,为了研究哈尔滨地区汛期径流量的复杂性特征及变化趋势,将R/S分析法和等概率粗粒化LZC算法引入到区域径流复杂性分析与变化趋势预测中,对地区内10个水文站点的汛期径流序列的复杂性进行诊断并对其变化趋势进行分析。研究结果表明:哈尔滨、通河、阿城、依兰、烟囱山各站未来的汛期径流量呈减少趋势,岔林河、莲花、西北河、延寿、四平山各站未来的汛期径流量呈增长趋势;各站点汛期径流序列的复杂度由高到低依次为:四平山、烟囱山、岔林河、阿城、西北河、依兰、莲花、通河、哈尔滨、延寿;从河流集水面积对其径流长程相关性和复杂性的影响可以看出,站点的河流集水面积越大,其径流量的长程相关性越强,复杂性指数越小。研究成果揭示了本地区汛期径流量的变化趋势以及复杂性演变特征,该特征可为区域径流预测及水资源优化配置提供科学依据。     

多层石墨烯的粗粒化分子动力学模型与力学性能

为了有效研究多层石墨烯等石墨烯集合体的力学性能,避免由于实验难度大、全原子计算成本高等带来的困难,基于Tersoff势函数提出一种可用于计算大规模石墨烯的粗粒化分子动力学方法。该方法计算时只需输入原子坐标,大大减少了模型的数据处理,提高了计算效率。通过与全原子模型计算结果比较,本文提出的粗粒化分子动力学方法可以准确预测多层石墨烯的拉伸破坏性能,对制备高性能石墨烯纤维有一定的指导意义。     

捕收剂混合使用的协同效应与其浮选性能的相关关系研究

本文是关于捕收剂混含使用所产生的协同效应大小的相关因素和相关关系研究。研究结果表明,混用组合的协同效应大小与组合中各药浮选性能差之间存在相关关系,其浮选性能差以收率档次差与品位档次差的算术和表示,并命名为CS值。利用这一相关关系,可以大致预测新的混合用药组合的协同效应,从而为选择和设计新的药剂组合提供了一定的依据。     

窄粒级煤泥浮选经典动力学模型的改进

通过煤泥窄粒级浮选速率实验,以煤泥浮选一级动力学为基础,对煤泥浮选动力学的关键参数进行研究,包括最大可燃体回收率ε∞的计算、浮选级数n的确定、浮选速率常数K的变化.结果表明:浮选动力学模型中ε∞的经验解比模型解更符合实际;窄粒级煤泥的浮选动力学级数最符合一级动力学;窄粒级煤泥的浮选速率常数K是时间的函数,可用幂函数或经验公式表达,先求出ε∞的经验解,再求解K(t)函数,所得模型非常符合煤泥浮选特征的浮选动力学模型.     

Leaching of a copper flotation concentrate with ammonium persulfate in an autoclave system

The leaching behavior of a copper flotation concentrate was investigated using ammonium persulfate （APS） in an autoclave systee. The decomposition products of APS, active oxygen, and acidic medium were used to extract metals from the concentrate. Leaching experiments were performed to compare the availability of APS as an oxidizing agent for leaching of the concentrate under atmospheric conditions and in an autoclave system. Leaching temperature and APS concentration were found to be important parameters in both leaching systems. Atmospheric leaching studies showed that the metal extractions increased with the increase in APS concentration and temperature （up to 333 K）. A similar tendency was determined in the autoclave studies up to 423 K. It was also determined that the metal extractions decreased at temperatures above 423 K due to the passivation of the particle surface by molten elemental sulfur. The results showed that higher copper extractions could be achieved using an autoclave system.     

A novel approach to prevent bubble coalescence during measurement of bubble size in flotation简

Effect of frothers in preventing bubble coalescence during flotation of minerals has long been investigated. To evaluate the performance of a frother, an apparatus to measure the bubble size is a basic necessity. McGill Bubble Size Analyzer （MBSA） or bubble viewer that has been developed and completed by McGill University＇s Mineral Processing Group during the last decade is a unique instrument to serve this purpose. Two parameters which are thought to influence the bubble size measurements by McGill bubble viewer include water quality and frother concentration in the chamber. Results show that there is no difference in Sauter mean （D32） when tap or de-ionized water was used instead of process water. However, the frother concentration, in this research DowFroth 250 （DF250）, inside the chamber exhibited a pronounced effect on bubble size. Frother concentration below a certain point can not prevent coalescence inside the chamber and therefore caution must be taken in plant applications. It was also noted that the frother concentration which has been so far practiced in plant measurements （CCC75-CCC95） is high enough to prevent coalescence with the bubble viewer.     

Correspondence of bubble size and frother partitioning in flotation

The size of bubbles created in the flotation process is of great importance to the efficiency of the mineral separation achieved. Meanwhile, it is believed that frother transport between phases is perhaps the most important reason for the interactive nature of the phenomena occurring in the bulk and froth phases in flotation, as frother adsorbed in the surface of rising bubbles is removed from the bulk phase and then released into the froth as a fraction of the bubbles burst. This causes the increased concentration in the froth compared to the bulk concentration, named as frother partitioning. Partitioning reflects the adsorption of frother on bubbles and how to influence bubble size is not known. There currently exists no such a topic aiming to link these two key parameters. To fill this vacancy, the correspondence between bubble size and frother partitioning was examined. Bubble size was measured by sampling-for-imaging （SFI） technique. Using total organic carbon （TOC） analysis to measure the frother partitioning between froth and bulk phases was determined. Measurements have shown, with no exceptions including four different frothers, higher frother concentration is in the bulk than in the froth. The results also show strong partitioning giving an increase in bubble size which implies there is a compelling relationship between these two, represented byCFroth/CBulk andD32. TheCFroth/CBulk andD32 curves show similar exponential decay relationships as a function of added frother in the system, strongly suggesting that the frother concentration gradient between the bulk solution and the bubble interface is the driving force contributing to bubble size reduction.