V2O5/g⁃C3N4催化剂的制备及其模拟油中硫化物的脱除

以三聚氰胺、偏钒酸铵、硼酸为前驱体,通过煅烧法制备V₂O₅/g⁃C₃N₄催化剂。采用XRD、FT⁃IR、XPS、SEM和BET等技术对催化剂的结构与形貌进行表征。以V₂O₅/g⁃C₃N₄为催化剂,乙腈为萃取剂,H₂O₂为氧化剂对模拟油中二苯并噻吩（DBT）的脱除进行考察。探究了反应温度、催化剂质量、萃取剂体积、n(H₂O₂)/n(S)以及不同硫化物等因素对脱硫效果的影响。在模拟油体积为5.0 mL、萃取剂乙腈体积为3.0 mL、n(H₂O₂)/n(S)=8、催化剂质量为0.02 g、反应温度为30 ℃和反应时间为60 min的最佳条件下,DBT的脱除率达到91.9%,经过5次催化剂再生后脱硫率仍可以达到85.7%。     

分子筛辅助人参须根粉快速制备人参皂苷Rg5的工艺研究

利用多功能改进型索氏提取器为提取工具,以人参须根粉为原料,盐酸为催化剂,分子筛辅助下高效制备了稀有人参皂苷Rg5,并通过单因素实验优化了工艺条件。实验结果表明：当以30 mL的甲醇为溶剂、加入0.3 g 4 A分子筛、于65 ℃提取4 h时,人参总皂苷的提取率达到10.2%,稀有人参皂苷Rg5的得率达到3.20%,与传统索氏提取器相比可以显著提高人参皂苷Rg5的制备效率。分子筛辅助下利用多功能改进型索氏提取器从人参须根粉提取制备稀有人参皂苷Rg5,不仅得率较高,而且操作简单快捷,是一种快速制备人参皂苷Rg5的工艺方法。     

5G无线通信基站共享电力杆塔的应用研究

将5G无线通信基站安装在电力线杆塔上,可以通过电力线路杆塔共享促进5G网络建设,实现电力企业和通信公司的互利共赢。重点讨论了5G基站的新架构,分析了把基站应用到电力杆塔上应考虑的供电、接地、安装等问题,并给出了相应的解决方案。     

木质素单体模化物的热解与产物分析

采用苯酚、邻苯二酚、愈创木酚和紫丁香酚为木质素单体模化物,利用两段裂解反应器-在线气相色谱仪（GCs）进行热解实验和产物分析,采用多色谱柱对无机气体（IGs）、C₁~C₅烃（C₁~C₅ LHs）、非芳基含氧化合物、酚和芳烃进行定量分析,以确定羟基和甲氧基对木质素热解过程中开环反应及产物分布的影响. 结果显示：羟基和甲氧基可以提高模化物的转化率,且羟基和甲氧基的存在影响芳基开环反应、芳基取代反应和重排反应间的竞争关系,使热解产物分布存在明显差异. 4种模化物热解产物主要是芳环的开环反应产物,包括IGs（质量分数为27.29%~33.56%）和C₁~C₅烃（20.46%~39.51%）. 一氧化碳产率（23.82%~29.18%）随羟基数增加而升高,随甲氧基数增加而降低;二氧化碳产率（0.19%~9.61%）随甲氧基数增加而升高. 羟基和甲氧基的存在降低了C₁~C₅烃的质量选择性,促进了烷基苯、大分子化合物和焦炭的形成.     

Theoretical analysis of β-LaNi5Hx(5≤x≤8): structure and energetics

The calculations of total energy, band structure, and electronic density of states and Mulliken population analysis of β-LaNi5 Hx (5≤x≤8) were performed by adopting the method of total energy based on the density functional theory. The augmented plane wave function was selected as the basis set in combination with ultra-soft pseudo-potential technology. The influence of the amount of H absorbed in alloys was discussed in terms of geometry, electronic structure and thermodynamic derived from calculated results. The results show that the amount of H absorbed and the preferred site occupation of the absorbed hydrogen atoms were controlled by the position of Hbands and the energy gap between H-bands and conduction bands. The β-phase hydrides of LaNi5 are most stable when hydrogen atom capacity coating in the range of 6 - 7.     

化学气相沉积法制备碳化铬薄膜的研究

以三（2,2,6,6-四甲基-3,5-庚二酮）化铬为前驱体,采用化学气相沉积（CVD）法在氧化铝（Al₂O₃）陶瓷基板上制备碳化铬（Cr₃C₂）薄膜,其中沉积温度为723 K至923 K,沉积时间为1 200 s。研究了不同沉积温度对Cr₃C₂薄膜的相组成、择优取向、宏观表面、微观结构及电学性能的影响。结果表明,在723 K至923 K下制备得到具有高度（130）择优取向的Cr₃C₂薄膜。随着沉积温度的升高,Cr₃C₂薄膜表面先由光滑变粗糙,后逐渐变光滑;薄膜晶粒呈椭球型生长;薄膜的厚度先增加后减小,从而导致电阻先减小后增大。在798 K时制备得到厚度最大且电阻最小的（130）择优取向的最佳Cr₃C₂薄膜。同时,在实验条件下Cr₃C₂薄膜表面存在少量的碳和Cr₂O₃。     

Mutual Prodrugs of 5-Fluorouracil: From a Classic Chemotherapeutic Agent to Novel Potential Anticancer Drugs

The development of potent antitumor agents with a low toxicological profile against healthy cells is still one of the greatest challenges facing medicinal chemistry. In this context, the “mutual prodrug” approach has emerged as a potential tool to overcome undesirable physicochemical features and mitigate the side effects of approved drugs. Among broad-spectrum chemotherapeutics available for clinical use today, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is one of the most representative, also included in the World Health Organization model list of essential medicines. Unfortunately, severe side effects and drug resistance phenomena are still the primary limits and drawbacks in its clinical use. This review describes the progress made over the last ten years in developing 5-FU-based mutual prodrugs to improve the therapeutic profile and achieve targeted delivery to cancer tissues.     

IE5能效等级三相异步电动机的研制

IE5为国际电工委员会(IEC)于2016年发布的目前全球最高的电动机能效等级。针对IE5能效等级目标开展了三相异步电动机研制。在设计方面,主要考虑采用优质的冷轧硅钢片,尝试不同风扇结构型式和不等匝绕组型式,并针对小功率电机考虑采用铸铜转子工艺方案,降低了电机损耗。在工艺方面,主要考虑提高加工精度,减小定、转子冲片毛刺等,进一步降低电机的空载损耗。样机测试结果表明,效率、功率因数、起动电流、起动转矩、最大转矩、温升等指标均达到设计要求,实现了IE5能效等级三相异步电动机研制目标。     

Functionalized metal–organic frameworks with strong acidity and hydrophobicity as an efficient catalyst for the production of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural

In the dehydration of fructose to 5-hydroxymethyl furfural(HMF), in situ produced water weakens the acid strength of the catalyst and causes the rehydration of HMF, causing unsatisfactory catalytic activity and selectivity. In this work, a class of benzenesulfonic acid-grafted metal–organic frameworks with strong acidity and hydrophobicity is obtained by the direct sulfonation method using 4-chlorobenzenesulfonic acid as sulfonating agent. The resultant MOFs have a specific surface area of greater than 250 m~2·g~(-1), acid density above 1.0 mmol·g~(-1), and water contact angle up to 129°. The hydrophobic MOF-Ph SO_3 H exhibits both higher catalytic activity and selectivity than MOF-SO_3 H in the HMF synthesis due to its better hydrophobicity and olephilicity. Moreover, the catalyst has a high recycled stability. At last, fructose is completely converted, and 98.0% yield of HMF is obtained under 120 °C in a DMSO solvent system. The successful preparation of the hydrophobic acidic MOF provides a novel hydrophobic catalyst for the synthesis of HMF.     

A panoramic view of Li7P3S11 solid electrolytes synthesis,structural aspects and practical challenges for all-solid-state lithium batteries

The development of an inorganic electrochemical stable solid-state electrolyte is essentially responsible for future state-of-the-art all-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs). Because of their advantages in safety, working temperature, high energy density, and packaging, ASSLBs can develop an ideal energy storage system for modern electric vehicles (EVs). A solid electrolyte (SE) model must have an economical synthesis approach, exhibit electrochemical and chemical stability, high ionic conductivity, and low interfacial resistance. Owing to its highest conductivity of 17 mS·cm^-1, and deformability, the sulfide-based Li₇P₃S₁₁ solid electrolyte is a promising contender for the high-performance bulk type of ASSLBs. Herein, we present a current glimpse of the progress of synthetic procedures, structural aspects, and ionic conductivity improvement strategies. Structural elucidation and mechanistic approaches have been extensively discussed by using various characterization techniques. The chemical stability of Li₇P₃S₁₁ could be enhanced via oxide doping, and hard and soft acid/base (HSAB) concepts are also discussed. The issues to be undertaken for designing the ideal solid electrolytes, interfacial challenges, and high energy density have been discoursed. This review aims to provide a bird's eye view of the recent development of Li₇P₃S₁₁-based solid-state electrolyte applications and explore the strategies for designing new solid electrolytes with a target-oriented approach to enhance the efficiency of high energy density all-solid-state lithium batteries.