成人玩具开发设计分析

近几年国外玩具市场的竞争已逐步从儿童玩具市场扩大到成人玩具市场.针对我国成人玩具市场的现状,进行了市场前景分析,提出了开发设计成人玩具的可行性以及应注意的问题.     

Leucine Supplementation in a Chronically Protein-Restricted Diet Enhances Muscle Weight and Postprandial Protein Synthesis of Skeletal Muscle by Promoting the mTOR Pathway in Adult Rats

Low protein intake causes a decrease in protein deposition in most animal tissues. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether leucine supplementation would increase the synthesis rate of protein and muscle weight in adult rats, which chronically consume only 58.8% of their protein requirements. Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to one of three dietary treatments including a 20% casein diet (CON), a 10% casein + 0.44% alanine diet (R), and a 10% casein + 0.87% leucine diet (RL). After a 10 d dietary treatment, plasma amino acid levels were measured after feeding, the gastrocnemius muscles and soleus muscles were harvested and weighed, and the fractional synthesis rate (FSR) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling proteins in skeletal muscle were measured. Regarding the plasma amino acid level, the RL group had the highest concentration of leucine (P < 0.05) and the lowest concentration of isoleucine (P < 0.05) among the three groups, and the CON group had a lower concentration of valine (P < 0.05) than the R and RL groups. Compared with the R and RL groups, the CON group diet significantly increased (P < 0.05) feed intake, protein synthesis rate, and the phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding protein 1 (4E-BP1), and decreased the weight of abdominal adipose. Compared with the R group, the RL group significantly increased in gastrocnemius muscle weight, protein synthesis rate, and phosphorylation of both ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) and 4E-BP1. In conclusion, when protein is chronically restricted in adult rat diets, leucine supplementation moderately improves body weight gain and increases muscle protein synthesis through mTOR activation.     

Influencing factors of radioiodine therapy in hyperthyroidism in adults

The study was to evaluate factors affecting outcome of 131I therapy in hyperthyroidism for optimizing the method. Data from 213 patients who received 131I treatment from July 2003 to July 2005 in our department were retrospectively analyzed. Factors possibly contributing to the outcome of the 131I therapy were analyzed, including gen-der, age, history of antithyroid drug, thyroid volume, duration of disease and radioactive iodine uptake rate. Multivariate analysis was done. The rates of euthyroidism and hypothyroidism were 69% and 8.5%, respectively, after one time 131I therapy. Multivariate analysis of the patients showed no statistically significant factors affecting the outcome of 131I therapy. The study showed that 131I dose can be directly calculated, and this simplifies the dose-determined method and individualizes the therapy.     

Age-related invariance of abilities measured with the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III.

Examination of measurement invariance tests the assumption that the model underlying a set of test scores is directly comparable across groups. The observation of measurement invariance provides fundamental evidence for the inference that scores on a test afford equivalent measurement of the same psychological traits among diverse groups. Groups may be derived from different psychosocial backgrounds or different clinical presentations. In the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III (WAIS-III)/Wechsler Memory Scale-III (WMS-III) Technical Manual (Psychological Corporation, 2002), there appears to be a breakdown in factor structure among the standardization cases in older adults. In this study, the authors evaluated the invariance of the measurement model of the WAIS-III across 5 age bands. All components of the measurement model were examined. Overall, the evidence pointed to invariance across age of a modified 4-factor model that included cross-loadings for the Similarities and Arithmetic subtests. These results support the utility of the WAIS-III as a measure of stable intelligence traits across a wide age range. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

地方高校成人教育学生管理工作的几点思考

成人教育是高等教育体系的有机组成部分,同时也是全民教育和建设学习型社会的重要实现形式。本文分析了国内部分地方高校成人教育的现状及存在的问题,并在此基础上探讨了与成人教育密切相关的学生管理工作中需要解决的几个重要问题。     

成人失禁用吸收性产品的机遇与挑战

主要介绍了成人失禁问题的流行趋势、失禁症状的诊断和分类，论述了成人失禁用吸收性产品的发展和所面对的挑战。     

Effect of methoprene on the heat tolerance and cold tolerance of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Methoprene, a Juvenile Hormone analogue, was evaluated for its ability to alter heat tolerance or cold tolerance of Tribolium castaneum, the red flour beetle. Young adults and late instar larvae were exposed to a series of methoprene concentrations. They were held either at 46 °C or 0 °C for different durations, and survival of adults or the adult emergence from larvae was recorded to determine their tolerance to extreme temperatures. At 46 °C, the lethal time to kill 50% of the population (confidence intervals) for untreated adults was 10.8 (9.6-11.8) h compared to 9.3 (8.3-10.0) h for adults exposed to 3.33 ppm of methoprene for 48 h. Higher concentrations of methoprene also caused adults to be less heat tolerant. In contrast, there was no evidence that methoprene reduced the heat tolerance of larvae. At 0 °C, both unacclimated and cold-acclimated insects were tested. Methoprene did not affect the cold tolerance of adults or larvae, regardless of cold acclimation. As seen in other studies, methoprene was not toxic to adults even at 66.6 ppm, but it was highly toxic to larvae (LD₅₀ 0.015 to 0.020 ppm). Cold tolerance was slightly greater in both adults and larvae, after being held at 15 °C for two weeks. This is the first study to report that a Juvenile Hormone analogue has an impact on insect heat tolerance.     

Orthokeratology in adults and effect on quality of life

ObjectiveTo determine changes in various ocular parameters of adults wearing orthokeratology (ortho-k) lenses and their levels of satisfaction and quality of life (QoL) after commencing treatment.MethodsAdults aged 18–38 years, with mild to moderate myopia and astigmatism < 1.50D, were wearing ortho-k lenses for one year. Data collection, which included history taking, refraction, axial length (AL), corneal topography, corneal biomechanics, and biomicroscopy examination, was performed at baseline and every 6 months during the study period. The level of satisfaction with the treatment and QoL was determined via questionnaires.ResultsForty-four subjects completed the study. AL was shortened significantly at the 12-month visit: AL −0.03 (-0.45 to 0.13) mm compared to baseline (p < 0.05). A significant number of subjects in both groups presented with overall and central corneal staining, but the majority were mild (Grade 1). Central endothelial cell density was reduced by 40/mm² (loss rate 1.4 %) (p < 0.05). High scores were obtained in the satisfaction questionnaire, with no significant differences between visits. At the 12-month visit, NEI-RQL-42 total score, dependence on correction, activity limitation, appearance, and satisfaction with the treatment all significantly increased compared to baseline values.ConclusionsResults suggest that ortho-k can be an effective and safe myopia correction technique for adults with low to moderate myopia, improving daytime vision without serious adverse events. Satisfaction with ortho-k lens wear was high, particularly those who were dependent on vision correction and found spectacles or contact lenses limiting specific activities or cosmetically undesirable.     

欧洲丁鱥健康养殖技术研究

在相同的试验条件下,以A、B二种不同的放养模式养殖欧洲丁鱥成鱼,欧洲丁鱥春片放养量分别为1500尾/亩、2000尾/亩,花白鲢春片的搭配比例二种模式完全相同,分别为花鲢80尾/亩,白鲢120尾/亩。经过二年的连续试验,从投入、产出、效益等情况进行了综合分析,2011年的A模式优于B模式。因此,在本试验条件下池塘主养欧洲丁鱥成鱼,2011年A模式为理想的放养模式。     

江南地区成年男性体型特征及下半身体型分类研究

我国不同地域人口体型差异较大,区域性人体体型数据的统计分析对成衣版型制定及提高服装合体性具有重要参考价值.以421名江南地区成年男子体型为研究对象,对身高、胸围等8个测量部位数据进行了统计分析.研究结果表明,样本呈现胸围、腰围等差异较大,身高、裤长等差异较小的体型特征,且围度变量之间、长度变量之间均具有较大的相关性.因...