关于燃煤电厂脱除NOx的技术分析

本文简要介绍了燃煤电厂NOx形成的原因。在对火电厂炉内和烟气中脱氮技术分析的基础上,针对我国国情和现阶段我国烟气净化的发展状况,提出了烟气脱氮技术在我国的实施建议。     

基于区间分析的参数不确定系统PID鲁棒控制器设计

针对区间对象PID鲁棒控制器设计问题,提出了一种基于广义Kharitonov定理和区间分析集逆算法的设计方法。该方法根据广义Kharitonov定理将区间对象的鲁棒稳定控制器综合问题转化为多个顶点对象同时稳定的控制器综合问题,根据劳斯判据得到与控制器参数相关的不等式组,采用基于区间分析的集逆算法求解该不等式组得到PID鲁棒控制器参数。数值算例表明所提出的设计方法可以以任意设定精确度逼近使得整个区间对象族稳定的PID控制器参数域,与传统图解法相比求得的结果是可靠的,同时该方法能够根据集逆算法解集情况准确判断假定的控制器是否可行。     

Myth and reality of the hybrid desalination process

The paper discusses some misconceptions that have contributed to the continued use of thermal desalination processes and promotion of the hybrid desalination process for new plants being built or considered at Middle East locations. The misconceptions are examined both on the basis of fundamental thermodynamic principles and in terms of practical engineering parameters. The analysis shows that there is no economic or performance advantage in the installation of greenfield hybrid power/thermal desalination/ seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) plants in preference to power/SWRO plants, because the latter would produce water more cheaply under all conditions and at all fuel costs, and would provide more operational flexibility than the former. The paper identifies situations where the hybrid desalination process can be fully justified: in existing power/desalination plants, where aging boilers and multistage flash (MSF) units need to be repaired or replaced, through retrofitting and repowering. In such situations, abandonment of the MSF process would result in a reduction in the power output of the plant. The paper refers to previous work which showed that the repowering of a typical existing power/desalination station with refurbishment/replacement of the MSF units, together with the addition of SWRO units, would result in a several-fold increase in the water and power output and a dramatic improvement in the fuel efficiency, without any additions to the existing seawater intake system. The paper emphasizes the importance of test stations/demonstration plants at existing power/desalination stations in the Middle East in order to obtain data and make improvements in the technology of higher temperature SWRO, with the feed obtained from the cooling water returning from the power plant condenser and the thermal desalination plant. The paper shows that the potential benefits would easily justify the investment in research and development required to validate this concept.     

论现有合成氨厂联产甲醇燃料的发展战略

从煤炭和天然气转化成CO＋H2合成气出发,在生产合成氨的同时联产甲醇作甲醇汽油资料,是现有氨厂资源优化,结构调整成为化肥和燃料联产的效益型产业,既降低化肥生产成本,又缓解我国油品的供求平衡,成为科技创新的方向所在。     

药食同源植物中干预糖尿病的活性物质研究进展

糖尿病是一种由胰岛β细胞功能障碍和胰岛素抵抗引起的慢性进行性全身性疾病;其主要症状是血糖浓度升高。药食同源植物中含有多种降血糖活性成分;包括多糖类、多酚类、生物碱类、皂苷类、蛋白质与氨基酸等非挥发性物质及植物精油等挥发性物质;不良反应小;在预防和治疗糖尿病中发挥了重要作用。将富含降血糖活性成分的药食同源植物及其提取物复配应用到调味、饮料、糕点等食品中;作为预防和干预糖尿病的日常膳食补充剂;可在一定程度上缓解高血糖症状。本文总结近10 年来药食同源植物中降血糖活性成分分析鉴定、活性研究、临床应用及其在食品中的应用;为推动新的降血糖活性化合物挖掘鉴定并开发具有降血糖活性的功能食品提供理论依据。     

B113-2型低汽气比CO高温变换催化剂的研制

介绍了B113-2型低汽气比CO高温变换催化剂的研制方法及其特点。实验室测试表明,B113-2型催化剂具有堆密度低、运行强度高、选择性好、抗沸水性能优、本体含硫低及低温活性好等优点。     

气体绝缘管道输电线和气体绝缘组合电器在电厂中的应用

电厂中每个元件的可靠性对于其运行的经济性非常重要。在开关系统使用GIS以及在输电系统使用GIL能够最大限度地实现电力传输系统的可靠性。这 2种技术综合应用保证了输电系统的高效率。如果考虑到这类系统的停运费用 ,还会导致低寿命周期成本。     

芳香植物公众认知程度、情感倾向与行为意向探析

芳香植物是重要的专类植物,可散发出芬芳气息,改善环境质量,使人身心舒畅,有着广泛的应用前景。为更好地指导芳香植物在风景园林景观规划设计中的应用,通过问卷调查收集数据结合统计分析,了解公众对芳香植物的态度,研究公众芳香植物相关认知程度、情感倾向和行为意向,探讨其内部关联性。研究发现,公众一致认可芳香植物的景观价值和调节情绪的作用,并对芳香植物浓度会引起身体反应方面有所关注;公众对芳香植物有积极的情感倾向,且心理感受较生理感受更为明确;公众对芳香植物有积极的行为意向,且心理层面的情感倾向对此影响最大。