Competitive analysis of the Turkish brick industry—a case study for developing countries

The aim of this article was to examine the factors affecting the competition in brick industries in developing countries. Turkish brick industry was analysed as a case study within the frame of Porter's five forces model.     

Strength and elasticity of brick masonry prisms and wallettes under compression

The characteristics of brick masonry are influenced by the properties of bricks and mortar. This paper attempts at studying the properties of brick masonry using table moulded bricks and wire-cut bricks of India with various types of mortars. The strength and elastic modulus of brick masonry under compression have been evaluated for strong-brick soft-mortar and soft-brick strong-mortar combinations. Various sizes of prisms and wallettes have been tested during these experiments to study the size effect and different bonding arrangements. The failure mechanisms of such specimens have been studied. Attempts are also made to derive empirical relationships for masonry strength as a function of brick and mortar strength in the Indian context.     

Experimental and numerical study of electrochemical chloride removal from brick and concrete specimens

The electrochemical technique for chloride extraction (desalination) was applied in galvanostatic mode to cylindrical brick and concrete specimens with a steel bar as reinforcement placed in the centre. The specimens were initially contaminated by immersion in a solution of 35 g/l NaCl. Based on the Nernst-Planck equations, a numerical model was developed considering the interactions between the various ionic species in the pore solution. The model makes it possible to predict the evolution of the chloride profile with time. The numerical and experimental results are compared and the model parameters discussed.     

不均匀承载“点式”楼爆破拆除技术

介绍了具有复杂砖混结构、不均匀承载基础的“点式”楼的爆破拆除 ,对爆破切口、爆破参数的选择、合理起爆网路的使用、延迟间隔的确定等等作了详尽的叙述。所获得的一些经验对类似工程可能是有用的     

中华门城堡重建闸楼后城门结构的模拟计算分析

本文采用有限元分析方法 ,对中华门城堡券门结构进行了模拟计算 ,计算了拱券门在重建闸门楼后的应力状况。计算结果表明 ,重建后拱形券门中以压力为主 ,局部微小区域出现拉应力。     

Analysis of temperature effect on ceramic brick production from alluvial deposits, Tamilnadu, India

This study focuses on the thermal behaviour of alluvial clays in the production of ceramic brick industries, which are largely found on the bank of the Cauvery river, Tamilnadu, India. Clay bars were prepared which consisted of quartz, kaolinite, illite, chlorite, feldspars and iron oxides. The test samples were fired in the range of 700–1100 °C and were examined with chemical analysis, thermogravimetric–differential thermal analysis (TG–DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). An increase in firing temperature resulted in dehydroxylation of clay minerals, persistence of quartz and formation of Ca-anaesthetic plagioclase. SEM images visualized the vitrification of the fired bricks, which increased the compressive strength of the fired bars. The bricks made with alluvial clays displayed less water absorption and higher compressive strength, indicating that they could be used in the brick industry. The results of this work assisted the industries to select more appropriate natural clay composition and firing dynamics for making the bricks.     

Determination of the Diffusion Coefficient of Water in Brick with a Simple Mass Distribution Technique

A method is presented for the determination of the diffusion coefficient of water in brick. A brick is sealed on five sides to ensure one-dimensional water transport. The wet brick is hung with the utmost ends each from a balance. This way, not only the mass of the water in the brick is measured, but some information is obtained about the mass distribution inside the brick. The brick used in this study appears to be quite inhomogeneous. This is incorporated in the model with an inhomogeneity constant. It needs further research if this parameter depends on the water concentration in the brick.     

套筒式砖内筒钢筋混凝土烟囱内筒及平台受力分析

结合我国《烟囱设计规范》(GB5 0 0 5 1 - 2 0 0 2 )的规定情况 ,本文阐述了套筒式砖内筒钢筋混凝土烟囱内筒及其支承平台在地震及风荷载作用下的结构计算方法 ,对规范相应内容进行了一定的补充     

Trust transference in brick and click retailers: An investigation of the before-online-visit phase

We examined the formation of online trust encountered by potential customers of a brick and click retailer before they visit its online website; this phase of the purchasing experience has been under-investigated in trust literature. Since a brick and click retailer is eager to attract offline customers to its website based on trust in the brick and mortar stores, our exploratory study investigated, (1) Can customers’ offline trust in a retailer affect their online trust (in the website operations of the retailer)?; (2) What other factors might be influential on online trust? A social relations and networks perspective was adopted to explain customers’ online trust formation during the before-online-visit phase. Findings from a sample of 246 offline customers who had never visited a supermarket's website revealed that word-of-mouth, offline trust, and expected sanctioning power were significant in forming online trust. Furthermore, findings showed that word-of-mouth was more influential than offline trust based on a customers’ personal experience with the supermarket's physical stores. This provided empirical evidence on how and why some pure online retailers outperformed brick and click retailers.     

铁水罐吹气辅助扒渣工艺开发及改进

针对武钢第一炼钢厂采用纯镁脱硫存在渣量少而稀，渣中硫含量高，扒渣困难，扒渣时间长达11分钟／次、扒渣铁损高达5kg／t、炼钢回硫达0．0051％的情况，提出了在铁水罐上安装透气砖吹气辅助扒渣工艺，选择了合理的透气砖材质及安装位置，并在实践过程中不断改进．改善了扒渣效果：平均扒渣时间≤7min，平均扒渣铁损降至3．5kg／t以内，平均出钢回硫降至0．002％以内．透气砖平均寿命达到110次以上。