Lateral performance and load carrying capacity of an unreinforced, CFRP-retrofitted historical masonry vault - A case study

Historical masonry buildings, composed of adobe/brick building blocks that are connected together with clay, lime-clay, or gypsum-clay mortars are vulnerable to earthquake. Many of these historical buildings are world heritage listed. They are highly valued and it is important that they are evaluated for their capacity to resist earthquakes, or strengthened if found not to be adequate. In this paper, the structural behavior and lateral resistance of a heritage brick vault with adobe piers built in 1935, Yazd, Iran is investigated under lateral loads. A nonlinear finite element analysis is used based on the concepts of homogenized material and smeared model in which the masonry is modelled as an anisotropic continuum. For this macro-modelling, the mechanical properties of continuum masonry are determined by experimental tests. Based on the literature review performed in this paper, no similar tests on structures of this kind have been identified elsewhere. Finally, the vault and the piers were retrofitted using Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) laminates at extrados in order to compare their failure mechanisms and lateral strength before and after retrofitting.     

流动空间——凡·杜斯堡对密斯·凡·德·罗建筑设计的影响

密斯·凡·德·罗在成长为现代建筑大师的过程中,也经历着学习和借鉴,他的建筑思想也是有渊源的。本文主要探讨艺术家凡·杜斯堡对密斯的影响。首先分析杜斯堡和密斯的言论,发现两者的思想有着相似性;其次通过图片分析两者的作品,以杜斯堡的＂俄罗斯的舞蹈韵律＂和密斯的乡村住宅等五个建筑作品,我们可以看出,杜斯堡对密斯的流动空间的建筑语言有着直接而深远的影响     

The usability of the brick dust and blast furnace slag in zeolite-based lime mortars in different curing environments

In this study, air lime was substituted by three different pozzolanic materials, namely BFS and brick powder and zeolite in different proportions as individual or double. The produced pozzolanic lime mortars were cured in air and high relative humidity environments. Special attention was given to the mechanical and physical properties of mortars under different curing conditions. In addition to the curing effect, the effect of using different pozzolans was also investigated.As a result, it has been observed that high relative humidity cure improves the mechanical properties of pozzolan mortars but is not effective on their physical properties. It shows that there are significant differences in the mechanical properties of mortars with pozzolan, which are exposed to different curing conditions, especially at an early age. It shows that the mechanical properties of mortars with pozzolan, which are exposed to different curing conditions, especially at an early age, increase twice on average. The high relative humidity cure shows that the non-pozzolan air-lime mortars slow down the performance properties. Overall, conditions of high relative humidity can more quickly improve the performance characteristics of puzolan mortars.     

青海省牧民砖茶氟摄入水平及暴露评估

目的 评价青海省成年牧民砖茶氟摄入水平及潜在的健康风险。方法 利用2019—2021年青海省砖茶氟含量监测数据及2015年青海省牧民砖茶消费量专项调查资料，采用简单分布评估方法，评估青海省牧民砖茶氟摄入水平及潜在风险。结果 砖茶平均氟含量为464.32 mg/kg，最大值为1 206.00 mg/kg，超标率为74.74%(213/285)，其中康砖茶超标率最高，为100%(12/12)；青海省牧民平均每日砖茶氟摄入量为0.048 mg/kg BW，接近氟的可耐受最高摄入量（UL）；高消费人群（P95）平均每日砖茶氟摄入量为0.177 mg/kg BW，是UL的3.1倍；女性消费人群的平均每日砖茶氟摄入量是男性的1.3倍。结论 青海省成年牧民饮用的砖茶氟含量较高，长期饮用可能会导致健康风险，特别是高消费人群，应采取有效措施进行控制。