Projective Empowerment: Co-creative Sustainable Design Processes

The human body's perception of ambient energy flows in the built environment is a complex yet important consideration in designing high performance architectural systems, buildings and cities. Bess Krietemeyer , Assistant Professor at the School of Architecture at Syracuse University and Head of the Interactive Design and Visualization Lab (IDVL) at the Syracuse Center of Excellence, explores how interactive hybrid-reality platforms for experiencing and analysing bioclimatic flows in architectural design are empowering designers and end users to engage in collaborative design processes from diverse viewpoints and across spatial scales.     

Case hardening of zirconium

Abstract

The poor tribological properties of zirconium limit its application, particularly its use in valves in the nuclear industry. Following up on a successful program to case harden titanium, the authors applied the same techniques to zirconium. Although the two metals are closely related, the diffusing species used for titanium were not found to be suitable for zirconium because of cracking in the sub-ceramic diffusion zone. A modified approach using hydrogen to improve the ductility of the layer successfully reduced its hardness, but not its propensity to cracking.     

UML用例的应用研究

用例是UML中组织需求的重要技术。用例是基于用户目标的需求组织技术 ,它是有层次的、面向用户的。本文通过具体实例 ,从系统的边界 ,用例的识别和粒度等方面来揭示一些用例的可循规律。     

CIMS总体设计CASE方法论

配合CIMS产业化进程 ,提出CIMS总体设计CASE方法论 ,旨在解决设计过程自动化问题 ,提高设计效率     

Matter Timed

At best, the ageing of materials is regarded as lending a patina to historic buildings. In reality, however, materials often age disgracefully and unevenly, requiring a high level of maintenance and refurbishment. What if materials could be engineered and integrated into buildings not only to enhance but to heal? Martina Decker , Assistant Professor in the College of Architecture and Design at the New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT), looks at pioneering research that is being undertaken into performative, time-dependent materials.     

基桩高应变试验凯司法的测量不确定度分析

不确定度在质量管理和质量保证体系中极为重要。首次尝试将测量不确定度理论应用于桩基高应变检测的凯司法中,推导出了凯司法的测量扩展不确定度表达式,并将其应用于工程中。实践表明,在有效动静对比验证资料的基础上,该表达式完全能够满足工程的需要。     

Information modelling in the construction industry: The information engineering approach

Modelling of knowledge in the construction industry is a cumbersome task because of the large amount of data involved and the lack of automated information-modelling tools. Adoption of a method and an automated CASE (Computer-Aided Software Engineering) tool could eliminate many problems encountered in the development of information systems in the construction industry. In particular, this approach may help to assess the information requirements and define strategies for such information systems. The Information Engineering Method (IEM) is introduced to illustrate hoar the conceptual models may be improved by using this method. Additionally Texas Instruments' Information Engineering Facility (IEF?) CASE tool is described to illustrate the advantages of automating such a method. The introduction of conceptual modelling in the construction industry using data and process models should lead to a better structuring of information. This should result in the development of well defined and structured, not ad hoc, applications. This conceptual modelling approach using information engineering is currently being used at the University of Salford to study the potential development of an integrated database (design, procurement and management of construction) for the construction industry. The case study describes the information analysis phase of the procurement process included towards the end of this paper.     

开发冲模CAD/CAM系统新模式的研究

基于ＣＡＳＥ（ＣｏｍｐｕｔｅｒＡｉｄｅｄＳｏｆｔｗａｒｅＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇ）技术原理和冲摸设计与制造过程的特点以及ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ技术原理，在文献［２］的研究基础上，提出并研制了一种面向最终用户能多快好省地开发具体冲模ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ系统的新模式：冲模ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ系统的集成开发平台，论述了平台的总体设计思想，体系结构和工作流程，并给出实现平台的关键技术问题     

Designing with dialogue charts: a qualitative content analysis of end-user designers' experiences with a software engineering design tool

Abstract. Software engineering tools used by designers are critical to most systems development methodologies, and successful methodologies are critical to improved productivity. However, the way in which designers use and relate to software engineering tools, whether computer assisted or not, has received little attention in the design literature. The purpose of this study is to gain insight into how people perceive the process of using design tools. The study is a qualitative analysis of interview information from participants in a field experiment. Four teams of student designers used various design tools during the development of interactive information systems typical of those that might be developed by sophisticated end-users. The research reported here is an exploratory study aimed at understanding how designers use one of these tools, the dialogue charts. The broad range of purposes included the uses predicted by the reference literature on design. However, the end-user designers also used the tool opportunistically — they found a broader range of tool usage than the literature on design tools predicted. For example, they consistently used the tool as a communications vehicle among different phases of design and development. The results show that the relationships these 'end-user designers' developed with the target tool are expressed in highly emotional language. These attitudes are tightly coupled with the purposes for which the designers use the tool. The methodology uses a field experiment as a treatment and a semistructured interview with a hidden agenda for gathering data. The data analysis techniques draw on the concepts of discovering grounded theory as described by Glaser and Strauss. They further draw on the concepts of qualitative content analysis synthesized by Krippendortf and the qualitative data analysis methods described by Miles and Huberman.     

直观的函数分割型程序设计系统VFDP

本文提出一种直观的函数分割型程序设计系统ＶＦＤＰ。