爪形大分子CBC—NO的合成、表征及降滤性能研究

以1,3-丁二醇、柠檬酸为原料、甲苯为溶剂,在120℃油浴中反应,合成了柠檬酸-1,3-丁二醇-柠檬酸（CBC）爪状物小分子;然后,以甲基苯磺酸为催化剂,使CBC依次与环烷酸、十八醇分别在140℃和180℃油浴下接枝,合成了新型的爪形大分子柠檬酸-1,3-丁二醇-柠檬酸-环烷酸-十八醇（CBC—NO）。采用^1H—NMR及IR对合成的两种化合物进行了结构表征。结果表明,合成的CBC和CBC—NO与所设计的分子结构相吻合。用元素分析确定了CBC的化学组成为C16H22O14。合成的CBC—NO溶于有机溶剂,不溶于水。将CBC—NO按600μg／g的加剂量添加到不同的轻柴油中,柴油的冷滤点最大可降低8℃。     

燃料电池发动机冷启动进气预热系统性能研究

为了分析冷启动过程中质子交换膜燃料电池发动机的空气加热系统的工作性能,采用ε-NTU方法和CFD仿真技术得到了双流程换热器内部的温度分布,研究了冷却液温度和流量对整体散热器的换热性能的影响。通过比较发现模拟值与测试数据的误差小于10%,表明仿真模型和采用多孔介质模型的研究方法的可行性。根据仿真结果,采用遗传算法得到了该系统采用的铝制散热器的冷却液的最优参数组合,研究结果为优化空气预热系统,提高散热器的冷却效率提供了指导。     

相邻锅炉一次热风联络技术在CFB锅炉上的应用

针对循环流化床锅炉冷态启动用油量较大的问题,采用两台相邻锅炉一次热风风道联络的方法,实践中利用邻炉一次热风进行锅炉冷态启动,以煤代油缩短锅炉点火投油时间。结果表明:此方法使锅炉冷态启动时的用油量大幅下降,达到了显著的节能效果,并在此基础上展望了一次热风联络技术在锅炉防腐保养、冬季防冻等方面的应用前景。     

间歇式用能模式下墙体热分析

针对夏热冬冷地区间歇式用能特点,采用ANSYS软件对外墙内外保温墙体进行热分析。通过间断式施加温度荷载模拟空调运行,分析两种保温形式的墙体内温度变化情况。研究结果表明,受墙体内侧温度荷载的影响,内保温墙体内表面温度变化明显,且热量集中分布在内侧保温层部分,不易散失;外保温墙体受内侧温度荷载的影响较小,热量在墙体内分布均匀。在相同时间内,内保温需要施加荷载的时间明显比外保温的少。     

Cold Plasma Treatment of Soybean Oil with Hydrogen Gas

High-voltage atmospheric cold plasma (HVACP) treatment generates reactive gas species that induce inter- and intramolecular reactions in soybean oil. The goal of this study is to analyze the effect of HVACP treatment on the chemical structure of soybean oil in a hydrogen gas environment at atmospheric pressure. HVACP was used to treat soybean oil (15 g) for up to 6 hours by triplicate. Plasma-generated reactive gas species interact with the sample, producing three distinct fractions identified as a liquid, gel, and solid. Fatty acid profile, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance, size-exclusion chromatography, thermal properties, and peroxide value were used to characterize the chemical structure. Results indicated a lower content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, increased content of saturated fatty acids, and the presence of isomers. An insoluble portion was observed in the solid fraction and increased with treatment time up to 42% in the 6-h treated samples. Plasma species may cause two main reactions: polymerization and hydrogenation.     

Cold gas dynamic manufacturing: A non-thermal approach to freeform fabrication

This paper reports on the development of a novel freeform fabrication technique using a cold spray (CS) system. In the CS process, metallic powder particles are accelerated in a supersonic gas jet and impacted with a substrate at speeds in excess of 600 m/s. The non-melting nature of its deposition mechanism ensures that the sprayed material is free from thermally induced tensile stresses, while the underlying substrate remains unchanged. The process is seen as a viable method for additive manufacturing because of its high deposition rates and controllable spray jet. A process was developed to investigate the potential of non-thermal freeform fabrication and was coined Cold Gas Dynamic Manufacturing (CGDM). Here, additive and subtractive techniques were combined to enable the production of complex geometries. Whereas most CS facilities concentrate on the application of wear or corrosion-resistant coatings, CGDM is dedicated to the production of freeform components, whilst still retaining an inherent coating ability. The process can produce functional forms using novel manufacturing strategies that are unique to CS. This paper presents information on the process, and details the various strategies employed during component fabrication. It was possible to construct components from many materials, including titanium, which exhibited freeform surfaces, internal channels and embedded devices. A breakdown of the process economics is also provided, with and without helium recycling.     

The effect of neutral red on the corrosion inhibition of cold rolled steel in 1.0 M hydrochloric acid

The corrosion inhibition of neutral red on the corrosion of cold rolled steel in 1.0 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) was studied using weight loss method and potentiodynamic polarization method. Results obtained revealed that neutral red is an effective inhibitor. It was found that the adsorption of neutral red could prevent steel from weight loss and the adsorption accorded with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Potentiodynamic polarization studies showed that neutral red mainly acted as a mixed-type inhibitor for steel in 1.0 M hydrochloric acid. Thermodynamic parameters such as adsorption heat, adsorption entropy and adsorption free energy were obtained from experimental data of the temperature studies of the inhibition process at four temperatures ranging from 30 to 45 °C. The most suitable range of inhibitor concentration was discussed. The kinetic data such as apparent activation energies and pre-exponential factors at different concentrations of the inhibitor were calculated, the effect of the apparent activation energies and pre-exponential factors on the corrosion rates of cold rolled steel was discussed. The inhibitive action was satisfactorily explained by using both thermodynamic and kinetic models. Synergism between chloride ion and neutral red was proposed. The results obtained from weight loss and potentiodynamic polarization were in good agreement.     

稳定冷轧轴承钢带球化退火工艺

对冷轧真空精炼轴承钢带的球化退火工艺进行了试验，并探讨了冷轧和热处理工艺对球化的影响，得出了较为理想的球化退火工艺和退火后的性能，并取得了较好的经济效益。     

冷喷涂钛涂层与1Cr13不锈钢的电偶腐蚀行为

以氮气为载气,在压力为2.0MPa,载气温度为500℃的状态下,用冷喷涂的方法在1Cr13不锈钢基体上制备了钛金属涂层。经SEM观察,发现涂层的厚度较大,没有直接贯穿到基体的孔隙存在,距离基体越近的区域,涂层的孔隙率越小,XRD分析表明,涂层基本无氧化物相生成;从热力学和动力学两方面研究冷喷涂钛涂层与1Cr13不锈钢的电偶腐蚀行为,发现两者的电偶腐蚀倾向较小。     

内转子的冷挤压成形工艺及模具设计

介绍了内转子零件的冷挤压成形工艺及其模具设计。