焊缝超声波检测时DAC曲线的制作与应用

分析了传统焊缝超声波检测在灵敏度调节与缺陷定量上的不足,介绍了N5刻槽DAC曲线的两种制作方法,使不同声程处的缺陷都有自己的定量依据,简化了超声检测人员灵敏度调节和缺陷定量的步骤,减少了人员工作量。     

钢丝芯皮带的X射线检测

工业生产中,钢丝芯皮带中的钢丝芯断裂是皮带撕裂主要原因,一般方法对钢丝芯皮带检测较难。通过对人工检测、电磁检测、热成像方法进行对比发现,这些方法检测少量、单根钢丝芯皮带比较方便,检测排列密度高的钢丝芯皮带难度较大。根据皮带中的钢丝芯对X射线吸收多而皮带吸收少的特点,采用满足检测要求的X射线强度透照钢丝芯皮带,并对X射线增强器采集的图像进行处理和分析,最后通过神经网络方法准确判断出钢丝芯的缺陷位置。试验证明,采用X射线方法检测效率高,能够对各种复杂排列的钢丝芯皮带进行检测,且该方法比一般方法更直观,更能够准确判断出缺陷位置。     

Dislocation Structures in a BulkPb－doped Bi－SrCa－Cu－O High Temperature Superconductor

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Corrosion of steel under the defected coating studied by localized electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

Corrosion of steel under the defected coating in near-neutral pH solution was investigated by localized electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (LEIS) measurements. The LEIS response is dependent on the size of the defect. For small defects, e.g., less than 200 μm in diameter, localized corrosion process and mechanism of steel, as indicated by the measured LEIS plots, change with time. The diffusion process dominates the interfacial corrosion reaction, which is due to the block effect of the deposited corrosion product combined with the geometrical factor of a large coating thickness/defect width ratio. In the presence of a big defect, e.g., up to 1000 μm, the LEIS responses measured at the defect are always featured by a coating impedance in the high-frequency range and an interfacial corrosion reaction in the low-frequency range. The block effect of corrosion product does not apply due to the relatively open geometry. Conventional EIS measurements on a macroscopic-coated electrode reflect the “averaged” impedance results from both coating and defect. The information of the localized electrochemical corrosion processes and mechanisms at the small defect is lost, and the coating impedance information is “averaged” out when a big defect is contained. LEIS measurement provides an essential technique to characterize microscopically the local electrochemical corrosion reaction of steel under the defected coating.     

基于磁记忆效应的一种无损检测新技术

简要介绍了一种基于金属磁记忆效应原理的无损检测新方法及其仪器的功能和应用。该法不需要对部件表面进行任何预处理,具有快速２简便、无污染等优点。     

球墨铸铁导盘常见缺陷的分析与对策

无缝钢管穿孔机和轧管机用导盘材质采用综合机械性能较好的球墨铸铁是较为理想的选择,但在铬、镍、钼合金球墨铸铁导盘的生产中常出现球化不良、球化衰退、缩孔缩松、夹渣、皮下气孔等铸造缺陷。分析了缺陷特征及影响因素,并根据生产实际情况提出相应对策和防止缺陷产生的措施。     

大型锻件几种常见缺陷的防止方法

介绍了所在公司生产的大型锻件在锻造、热处理以及炼钢中产生的缺陷,分析了产生机理,提出了防止方法.     

Laser ultrasonic characterisation of branched surface-breaking defects

Surface-breaking defects often have a geometry which is more complicated than the ‘normal slot’ used in many calibration tests, and this geometry will affect the reflection and transmission of ultrasonic surface waves incident on the defect. We present here measurements on defects with varied branched geometries, designed to simulate stress corrosion cracking (SCC) type defects, characterising the geometry using laser-based ultrasonic generation and detection of Rayleigh waves. We show the behaviour of the near-field enhancement and the far-field reflection as a function of branch position and length, and signal analysis which can be used to gain further information for characterising the defect geometry. The experimental results and finite element method (FEM) models presented in this paper highlight the potential of this technique to test components prone to developing SCC, in order to identify and characterise surface-breaking defects.     

95氧化铝瓷排蜡工艺常见缺陷及解决措施

简述了陶瓷排蜡工艺及其原理 ,分析了实际生产中常见的缺陷 ,提出了解决排蜡缺陷的相关措施     

热轧无缝钢管的质量缺陷界定问题

随着轧管生产技术的进步和一些钢管新机组的相继建成投产,热轧无缝钢管产品质量缺陷的种类和表现形式也在发生变化,对产品质量缺陷准确界定提出了新的要求。介绍了热轧无缝钢管产品质量缺陷的类别和表示方法。提出了钢管行业编制缺陷图谱和制定有关行业标准的问题。