钢丝芯皮带的X射线检测

工业生产中,钢丝芯皮带中的钢丝芯断裂是皮带撕裂主要原因,一般方法对钢丝芯皮带检测较难。通过对人工检测、电磁检测、热成像方法进行对比发现,这些方法检测少量、单根钢丝芯皮带比较方便,检测排列密度高的钢丝芯皮带难度较大。根据皮带中的钢丝芯对X射线吸收多而皮带吸收少的特点,采用满足检测要求的X射线强度透照钢丝芯皮带,并对X射线增强器采集的图像进行处理和分析,最后通过神经网络方法准确判断出钢丝芯的缺陷位置。试验证明,采用X射线方法检测效率高,能够对各种复杂排列的钢丝芯皮带进行检测,且该方法比一般方法更直观,更能够准确判断出缺陷位置。     

Thermo-mechanical Analysis of Friction Stir Welding:A Review on Recent Advances

In recent studies, critical research interest exists in the thermo-mechanical analysis of the friction stir welding(FSW) process by numerical simulation. In this review, the thermo-mechanical analysis for FSW is overviewed regarding the computational approaches, the heat generation, the temperature, and the material fl ow behavior. Current concerns, challenges, and opportunities in current studies are discussed considering the application of the thermo-mechanical analysis. Generally, larger computational scale and better computational effi ciency are required to allow better spatial resolution in future analysis. The concepts and approaches demonstrated in the thermo-mechanical analysis for FSW open up quantitative prospects for the design of the FSW process.     

带裙座压力容器封头成形数值模拟模块的开发

为分析带裙座整体封头的成形工艺 ,在商用有限元软件 ANSYS上二次开发了专用的封头成形分析模块。该模块根据封头的尺寸参数 ,采用参数化方法建立有限元模型。根据数值模拟结果 ,分析了封头成形缺陷的产生原因及坯料形状对成形过程的影响     

Directivity analysis of ultrasonic waves on surface defects using a visualization method

Ultrasonic testing uses the directivity of the ultrasonic wave, which propagates in one direction. The directivity is expressed as the relationship between the propagation direction and its sound pressure. The directivity of an ultrasonic wave is related to the choice of probe arrangement, testing sensitivity and scanning pitch, and correct measurement of defect size and location. This paper investigated the directivity of ultrasonic waves, which are scattered from a slit defect located in simulated butt weld joint using a visualization method. When the defect size was smaller than the wavelengths, clear directivity in the reflected wave was observed. When the ratio of defect size to wavelength is greater than 1.5, measured directivities almost agree with the theoretical directivity. The directivity of shear waves scattered from the slit defect varied according to probe direction (Far defect, Near defect). The angle of reflection wave became similar to angle of incidence as the height of excess metal in welded joint increased.     

热轧无缝钢管的质量缺陷界定问题

随着轧管生产技术的进步和一些钢管新机组的相继建成投产,热轧无缝钢管产品质量缺陷的种类和表现形式也在发生变化,对产品质量缺陷准确界定提出了新的要求。介绍了热轧无缝钢管产品质量缺陷的类别和表示方法。提出了钢管行业编制缺陷图谱和制定有关行业标准的问题。     

阴极电泳漆膜常见缺陷产生的原因与解决方法

介绍了阴极电泳涂装中常出现的缺陷类型,主要有粗糙、针孔、缩孔、杂质和气泡等.分别分析了其出现的原因,提出了相应的解决方法.为开展阴极电泳研究及解决实际生产中出现的缺陷问题提供了参考.     

非金属工件电镀表面缺陷现场检测技术的研究

生产过程中对表面缺陷的检测非常需要。介绍了一种为现场设计的非金属电镀工件表面缺陷检测技术 ,系统在计算机信息技术、图像处理技术和自动测控技术相结合的基础上开发而成。该技术设计了具有均匀散射照明光源的 CCD光电检测系统 ,通过图像处理和计算机自动控制 ,由执行机构自动分选出带有表面缺陷的工件。该系统有效的解决了电镀工件表面的强反射光给图像处理和检测带来的困难 ,适于生产现场自动检测应用。     

Topological domain-engineered antiferroelectric-like behavior with enhanced energy storage properties in ferroelectric hexagonal Cr-doped YMnO3

We present the observation of the peculiar antiferroelectric (AFE)-like behavior, characterized by the polarization-electric field (P−E) double hysteresis loops and zero remnant polarization (P_r), in the ferroelectric (FE) Cr-doped YMnO₃ (YMCO) single crystals. The AFE-like behavior in YMCO is in sharp contrast with the FE P−E single loop with high P_r in the undoped YMnO₃ (YMO). The topological cloverleaf domains with ferroelectricity are observed in both YMO and YMCO. It is revealed unambiguously that the AFE-like behavior in YMCO arises from the Cr-substitution induced domain pattern transition from type-II with nonzero net macroscopic polarization to type-I with zero net polarization, as well as the recoverable type-I domain pattern after electric field sweeping. In addition, it is found that both the recoverable energy density and energy storage efficiency are significantly enhanced due to the AFE-like behavior in YMCO compared to YMO. Our results suggest for the first time that, in addition to the mechanism of the antiparallel arrangement of adjacent electric dipoles, the AFE-like behavior can be also achieved by domain engineering in a FE, which provides a possible new strategy to obtain high energy storage performance.     

Smart optical measurement probe for autonomously detecting nano-defects on bare semiconductor wafer surface: Verification of proposed concept

We propose a new method of inspecting a surface for fine defects that combines the optical inspection method with observation of the physical behavior of a liquid. A liquid thin film on a substrate behaves as a near-field physical probe that autonomously captures nano-particulate defects. Optical observation of the interfacial behavior of the liquid thin film is used to detect minute defects. This method combines the characteristics of optical detection (i.e., detection from a remote field and simultaneous detectability on a plane) and the high sensitivity of a physical near-field probe. We examined the basic principles of the proposed method through numerical calculation and applied it in experiments to detect fine particulate defects on a silicon substrate for semiconductor manufacturing to demonstrate the validity of the basic concept of the proposed method.     

声学扫描技术在高可靠领域塑封器件检测中的应用

为了提高塑封器件在高可靠应用领域的可靠性,需要使用扫描声学显微镜检测塑封器件内部界面分层、空洞和裂纹等缺陷。介绍了扫描声学显微镜的工作机理和几种主要扫描模式。综合分析了大量检测实例,指出塑封器件内部典型缺陷的特点和辨别方法,对扫描声学显微镜在塑封器件无损检测方面具有参考意义。此外,对现行的扫描声学显微镜检测塑封器件的检测标准提出了改进建议。