能源监测系统的自动化实现

针对纸厂具体情况,以降低生产成本,提高经济效益为目的,采用了管理中心设置1台奔腾350MHz微机为上位机,设备层采用80C196KB单片机为下位机的方法构成了分布式的监测系统,经过实际进行表明该系统结构简单功能强大,各项性能指标均达到生产要求。     

Surface Modification of Reinforcement Fibers for Composites by Acid Treatments

In this study, we investigated the surface modification of reinforcement fibers for composites by acid treatments, including PBO fiber, Kevlar fiber and carbon fiber. The corresponding changes in the surface free energy components were carefully evaluated using a Cahn dynamic contact angle analysis system. In addition, the fiber's surface elemental composition and topography were studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the surface nitrogen-to-carbon (N/C) and oxygen-to-carbon (O/C) ratios were significantly increased after the treatments. The surface free energy of PBO fiber was increased from 43.3 mJ/m² to 58.5 mJ/m² or by 35% with 60 wt% methanesulfonic acid solution treatment for 36 h. However, the increase with 60 wt% nitric acid solution was only by 14% (to 49.5 mJ/m²) for the same treatment time.     

The interpretation of X-ray photoelectron spectra of pyrolized S-containing carbonaceous materials

Theoretical models and ab initio Hartree-Fock wavefunctions have been used to investigate the S(2p) core level binding energies (BE), of pyrolized S-containing, carbonaceous materials. Comparison between experimental and calculated data for thiophene permits the accuracy of the present approach to be established. A systematic study of different situations demonstrates that, in these materials, non-oxidized S atoms can show peaks at very high BE relative to the C(1s) peak at 285.0 eV. This study confirms that the peak at 164.1 eV corresponds to ‘thiophenic’ S atoms. On the other hand, it shows that the peaks at higher BE could correspond to S atoms replacing C atoms in three-coordinated structures of graphene layers, in agreement with the arguments suggested in the experimental works. The energetic similarity between the two peaks at very high BE makes it difficult to differentiate between them, although the results of the present study seem to suggest that the peak at experimental BE ≈ 166 eV could correspond to S atoms coordinated to two C and one H atoms at the edge of graphene layers, while the peak at ≈ 169 eV would correspond to S atoms replacing C atoms in inner positions of the graphene layers, and it is bonded to three C atoms.     

热固性树脂的刚性增韧Ⅰ、环氧-聚砜体系的断裂韧性及其增韧机理

用斜削双悬臂梁试件测试环氧-聚砜体系的断裂韧性(G_IC)表明:该体系有较高的G_IC值,并且G_IC与G_Ia相近,也就是其断裂韧性与止裂韧性相当;比较该体系G_IC的温度谱和动态力学性能(DMA)的温度谱说明,该体系韧性与其粘弹性有关;分析扫描电镜(S-M)的照片可以看出,该体系由韧性聚合物的连续相包络热固性树脂固化球粒,即“网络-球粒”结构,这种结构是导致该体系高韧性的原因。     

谈长龙灌区渠道整治措施

本文根据江西省赣州市中型灌区节水配套改造项目原则和要求,针对兴国县长龙灌区渠系及其建筑物目前存在的问题,分别提出了相应的整治措施,为确保灌区渠道输水安全,进一步提高灌区水的利用率和灌溉保证率,从设计方法上提供有益的经验.     

岩溶地基中超长桩承载力数值计算方法

针对岩溶地区溶沟、溶洞发育等复杂地层,提出基于最小势能原理的超长桩穿越岩溶地层时的承载力计算方法。首先,构建适用于岩溶地层的桩侧摩阻力计算模型;其次,分别推导了非岩溶地层和岩溶地层中桩身的能量平衡方程,并由此得到桩身单元的位移、轴力计算式;再次,基于最小势能原理推导了桩身的势能增量计算式,并采用黄金分割搜索法作为计算程序的收敛算法。最后,以娄新资水大桥桩基工程为算例,采用文中方法对工程桩进行计算,计算结果表明超长桩穿越岩溶地层时的承载力计算方法合理可行。     

太阳能在智能建筑中的应用

为了降低建筑物内耗,减少环境污染,介绍了太阳能为建筑的采暖供热、制冷、发电、采光、调湿和通风等系统提供能源供给的方法.首先介绍了7种太阳能技术在智能建筑中具有代表性的应用组成,然后,提出了在智能建筑中对太阳能应用系统应实施集中式中央管理,最后,指出了太阳能应用于智能建筑时应注意的问题.通过分析比较发现：太阳能应用到智能建筑中,使智能建筑在自动和便利的基础上更绿色节能,但是,由于各地能源结构的差异,太阳能在智能建筑中的应用会受到地域等因素的影响;具体操作中,除了要求控制过程的自动化外,还应注意设备与建筑的一体化及系统管理的集中化问题.     

北京市能源消费与主要气象因子的突变点分析--基于灰色关联理论

采用灰关联分析算法,探寻北京市1980-2010年能源消费与气象因子（平均气温、降水量和日照时数等）时间序列的突变点,并将能源消费与气象因子序列进行趋势分析。结果表明：北京市能源消费序列的突变位置是1993与1997年,气象因子序列的突变位置介于1993-2000年之间;平均气温、日照时数与能源消费序列的突变位置完全相同,也即北京市气象因子与能源消费的关系极其密切。