真空电渣重熔炉发展前景的探讨

真空电渣重熔炉是在真空电弧重熔炉和气体保护电渣炉的基础上发展起来的一种冶炼高性能合金的特殊真空重熔冶金装备。真空电渣重熔炉冶炼的钢种和合金有优质合金钢,高温合金,精密合金,耐蚀合金,铝、钛、银等合金。介绍了真空电渣重熔炉的工作原理,冶金特点,比较了真空电弧重熔、普通电渣重熔和真空电渣重熔的钢材的冶炼成本、冶金质量和性能,并讨论了真空电渣重熔炉的应用前景。     

BHW35钢电渣焊缝冲击断裂研究

本文研究了酸性和碱性两种焊剂焊接的BHW35厚板电渣焊缝的冲击性能,测试了转变温度FATT_(50)。在转变温度附近进行了示波冲击试验,从冲击功、断口形态和示波冲击的各种特征值考察了焊剂对冲击性能的影响;并从断裂过程分析了冲击断口各区与相应特征能量的关系。     

酸性渣SiO2含量对电渣重熔S-Pb-Te易切削不锈钢冶金质量的影响

通过500 kg保护气氛电渣炉试验研究三元渣（/%:65CaF2,25Al2O3,5SiO2）、四元渣（/%:55CaF₂,20Al₂O₃,20SiO₂,5CaO）和五元渣（/%:45CaF₂,20Al₂O₃,25SiO₂,5CaO,5MgO）对S-Pb-Te易切削不锈钢（/%:1921 Cr,1.52.5Mo,0.10.3Pb,0.250.40S,0.030.10Te）电渣锭冶金质量的影响。结果表明,四元渣和五元渣S收得率较三元渣高;三元渣Pb收得率相对较高;3种渣系Te收得率无明显差异;含SiO₂为25.0%的五元渣系,所重熔的S-Pb-Te易切削不锈钢电渣钢锭小头和大头S、Pb和Te偏差最小,分别为△S 0.03%、△Pb 0.02%和△Te0.028%,且电渣钢锭表面质量良好。     

Effect of protected electroslag remelting on cleanliness of G20CrNi2Mo bearing steel

To meet the high cleanliness requirements of bearing steel used in high-speed railway trains, a new production process combining vacuum induction melting and electroslag remelting (ESR) was used to produce G20CrNi2Mo bearing steel. To investigate the effect of remelting on the cleanliness of the steel, two kinds of G20CrNi2Mo steels were prepared using an ESR furnace with and without high-purity argon protection. The results show that the G20CrNi2Mo electrodes smelted using a vacuum induction furnace have very high cleanliness 0.010[P%]–0.004[S%]–0.0012[O%]–0.0041[N%]). Unprotected ESR leads to an increased oxygen content, while protected ESR prevents any increase in oxygen content. Both protected and unprotected ESR results in significant desulphurisation, with desulphurisation rates reaching over 50%. The protected ESR process removes Al₂O₃–SiO₂–MnO inclusions, and the remaining inclusions in the steel can be divided into two categories, Al₂O₃ and Al₂O₃–MnS.     

钢筋电渣压力焊技术简介

本文简要介绍了电渣压力焊的参数和焊接工艺     

Mathematical modelling of electroslag remelting P91 hollow ingots process with multi-electrodes

Abstract

Electroslag remelting (ESR) hollow ingot process with T-shape current supplying mould is a new metallurgical technology. A mathematical model was developed to describe the interaction of multiple physical fields of this process for studying the process technology. Maxwell, Navier-Stokes and heat transfer equations have been adopted in the model to analyse the electromagnetic field, magnetic driven fluid flow, buoyancy driven flow and heat transfer using finite element software ANSYS. Moreover, the model has been verified through the metal pool depth measurements, which were obtained during remelting of 10 electrodes into Φ900/500 mm hollow ingots of P91 steel, with a slag composition of 50–60 wt-% CaF₂, 10–20 wt-% CaO, 20–30 wt-% Al₂O₃, ≤8 wt-% SiO₂. There was a good agreement between the calculated results and the measured results. The calculated results show that the distribution of current density, magnetic induction intensity, electromagnetic force, Joule heating, fluid flow and temperature are symmetric but not uniform due to the multi-electrode arrangement in two symmetric groups. Simulation of the ESR hollow ingot process will help to understand the new technology process and optimise operating parameters.     

HR-2钢电渣工艺及夹杂物去除研讨

HR-2钢对夹杂物要求很严，采用一般电渣重熔工艺难以使夹杂物级别符合技术条件要求。本文对采用不同渣系电渣重熔工艺进行了研究和讨论，认为控制电渣重熔过程的熔化速度和选择对夹杂物吸附强的渣系有利于去除钢中夹杂物。     

管道锻件用钢MG105白点分析

通过改进中频炉、电渣炉冶炼工艺及热处理工艺，消除了SA105钢的白点，且低倍组织良好，超声波探伤合格率迭100％。     

电渣重熔技术在中国的应用和发展

中国电渣冶金起步于１９５８年,至今,全国所有特殊钢厂都建立了电渣重熔车间,拥有工业电渣炉８６台,年生产能力１０万ｔ,产品包括估质合金 与超级合金２４３个牌号。     

Li2O-ZnO-SiO2系高膨胀微晶封接材料的析晶和重熔结构分析

通过采用XRD、差热分析、SEM等手段对Li2O-ZnO-SiO2系高膨胀微晶材料的析品和重熔进行了结构分析。分析表明，①该材料在不超过800℃析晶时，主晶相为半蜷曲状二硅酸锂和硅酸锌，次晶相为圆柱方石英；②在超过800℃以后，方石英逐步转变成三方石英成为主晶相，次晶相为二硅酸锂和硅酸锌且部分晶体重熔转变成玻璃；③重熔结构的材料整体形貌为不规则晶体结构，树性结构的二硅酸锂和硅酸锌更易成为断裂缘，这也是该材料脆性的主要原因。