Augment low-field intra-operative MRI with preoperative MRI using a hybrid non-rigid registration method

Background

Preoperatively acquired diffusion tensor image (DTI) and blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) have been proved to be effective in providing more anatomical and functional information; however, the brain deformation induced by brain shift and tumor resection severely impairs the correspondence between the image space and the patient space in image-guided neurosurgery.

Method

To address the brain deformation, we developed a hybrid non-rigid registration method to register high-field preoperative MRI with low-field intra-operative MRI in order to recover the deformation induced by brain shift and tumor resection. The registered DTI and BOLD are fused with low-field intra-operative MRI for image-guided neurosurgery.

Results

The proposed hybrid registration method was evaluated by comparing the landmarks predicted by the hybrid registration method with the landmarks identified in the low-field intra-operative MRI for 10 patients. The prediction error of the hybrid method is 1.92 ± 0.54 mm, and the compensation accuracy is 74.3 ± 5.0%. Compared to the landmarks far from the resection region, those near the resection region demonstrated a higher compensation accuracy (P-value = .003) although these landmarks had larger initial displacements.

Conclusions

The proposed hybrid registration method is able to bring preoperatively acquired BOLD and DTI into the operating room and compensate for the deformation to augment low-field intra-operative MRI with rich anatomical and functional information.     

A virtual actuator and sensor approach for fault tolerant control of LPV systems

In this paper, a fault tolerant control (FTC) strategy using virtual actuators and sensors for linear parameter varying (LPV) systems is proposed. The main idea of this FTC method, initially developed for LTI systems, is to reconfigure the control loop such that the nominal controller could still be used without need of retuning it. The plant with the faulty actuator/sensor is modified adding the virtual actuator/sensor block that masks the actuator/sensor fault. The suggested technique is an active FTC strategy that reconfigures the virtual actuator/sensor on-line taking into account faults and operating point changes. The stability of the reconfigured control loop is guaranteed if the faulty plant is stabilizable/detectable. The LPV virtual actuator/sensor is designed using polytopic LPV techniques and linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). A two-tank system simulator is used to assess the performance of the proposed method. In particular, it is shown that the application of the proposed technique results in an improvement, in terms of performance, with respect to the LTI counterpart.     

Automatic classification and prediction models for early Parkinson’s disease diagnosis from SPECT imaging

Early and accurate diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is important for early management, proper prognostication and for initiating neuroprotective therapies once they become available. Recent neuroimaging techniques such as dopaminergic imaging using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with ¹²³I-Ioflupane (DaTSCAN) have shown to detect even early stages of the disease. In this paper, we use the striatal binding ratio (SBR) values that are calculated from the ¹²³I-Ioflupane SPECT scans (as obtained from the Parkinson’s progression markers initiative (PPMI) database) for developing automatic classification and prediction/prognostic models for early PD. We used support vector machine (SVM) and logistic regression in the model building process. We observe that the SVM classifier with RBF kernel produced a high accuracy of more than 96% in classifying subjects into early PD and healthy normal; and the logistic model for estimating the risk of PD also produced high degree of fitting with statistical significance indicating its usefulness in PD risk estimation. Hence, we infer that such models have the potential to aid the clinicians in the PD diagnostic process.     

基于支持向量机的印刷机远程故障诊断监测平台设计

为实现高端印刷机网络化、信息化、智能化,提出一种基于支持向量机(SVM)的印刷机远程网络故障诊断监测平台。该系统采用Windows系统下的Apache、MySQL和PHP(WAMP)开源环境,能够方便地建立远程服务站点,实现B/S架构的网络系统,设计一个基于TCP/IP协议的数据传输接口,通过客户端将现场设备数据发送给站点服务器,并存入本地数据库,基于专家系统建立诊断知识库,通过支持向量机进行故障的分类诊断。该平台具有通用性,可根据对象不同更改数据库结构。实际运行情况表明,该系统运行稳定。     

改进的GrabCut方法在舌诊系统中的应用

数字舌象图片的正确分割是实现计算机中医舌诊自动化系统的重要前提,为了高效而准确地分割出舌象,提出了一种基于四叉树与GrabCut的舌象分割方法.该方法首先利用四叉树分解对采集的舌象初分割,然后用相似区域的颜色均值优化GrabCut算法中高斯混合模型参数,最终完成舌象分割.实验结果表明：该算法使得舌象分割效率大大提高,具有很好的实用性.     

A fuzzy neural network approach for online fault detection in waste water treatment process

In this paper, an effective strategy for fault detection of sludge volume index (SVI) sensor is proposed and tested on an experimental hardware setup in waste water treatment process (WWTP). The main objective of this fault detection strategy is to design a system which consists of the online sensors, the SVI predicting plant and fault diagnosis method. The SVI predicting plant is designed utilizing a fuzzy neural network (FNN), which is trained by a historical set of data collected during fault-free operation of WWTP. The fault diagnosis method, based on the difference between the measured concentration values and FNN predictions, allows a quick revealing of the faults. Then this proposed fault detection method is applied to a real WWTP and compared with other approaches. Experimental results show that the proposed fault detection strategy can obtain the fault signals of the SVI sensor online.     

FAULT DIAGNOSIS OF HYDRAULIC SERVO SYSTEM USING THE UNSCENTED KALMAN FILTER

Fault occurrence can be embodied by the physical parameter variations of the hydraulic servo system. Faults can, therefore, be diagnosed according to the model coefficient variations of the hydraulic servo system. This paper proposes an approach for fault diagnosis based on the unscented Kalman filter (UKF) with a mathematical model of the hydraulic servo system. The mathematical model is established using the dynamic equations of the hydraulic servo system. Based on the fault mechanism analysis results, several important system model parameters that can separately represent different faults in different components of the hydraulic servo system are chosen. Discrete state space equations are derived from the dynamic equations. The UKF algorithm is used to estimate the important system model parameters of the hydraulic servo system by utilizing the discretized state space model. According to the variations of these model parameters, the fault modes and locations of the hydraulic servo system can be diagnosed and isolated. Two types of faults, namely, abrupt fault in servovalve gain and slow wear fault in hydraulic cylinder piston, which cannot be directly detected from the system output, are introduced individually to the hydraulic servo system in this work. By comparing with the extended Kalman Filter, three different experimental cases are used to validate the effectiveness of the UKF for hydraulic servo system fault diagnosis.     

基于ITSS的故障智能诊断和处理系统的设计

如何以标准化的方式实施IT运维以提升运维服务的效率,对流程进行规范,是当前我国IT服务管理面临的迫切问题.文主要针对信息系统运维业务需求进行了分析,对支持ITSS的智能诊断和自动处理系统的开发和设计进行了详细阐述,以提高系统的运行稳定性.     

金陵电厂proFiBuS总线控制系统维护经验总结

华能金陵超超临界电厂是中国第一家在主辅控区域同时实行了PROFIBUS现场总线控制的百万机组级、全数字化电厂,现场大量使用了与传统DCS控制不同的控制网络、现场智能化设备,维护手段和方式也有别于传统的控制系统。这为数字智能化电厂的建设打下了基础,具有重要的示范意义。本文以华能金陵电厂脱硫系统的总线控制系统为例,介绍了总线方面的相关概念和知识,通过对总线功能作用的阐述,以现场总线智能设备为切入点,结合平时的维护检修工作,对PROFIBUS的优缺点进行了分析总结,并提出了今后维护工作的注意事项。