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71.
Dilip Chandra Ghimire Sudip Adhikari Hideo Uchida Masayoshi Umeno 《Diamond and Related Materials》2006,15(11-12):1792
We report the effects of gas composition pressure (GCP) on the optical, structural and electrical properties of thin amorphous carbon (a-C) films grown on p-type silicon and quartz substrates by microwave surface wave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MW SWP CVD). The films, deposited at various GCPs ranging from 50 to 110 Pa, were studied by UV/VIS/NIR spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and current–voltage characteristics. The optical band gap of the a-C film was tailored to a relatively high range, 2.3–2.6 eV by manipulating GCPs from 50 to 110 Pa. Also, spin density strongly depended on the band gap of the a-C films. Raman spectra showed qualitative structured changes due to sp3/sp2 carbon bonding network. The surfaces of the films are found to be very smooth and uniform (RMS roughness < 0.5 nm). The photovoltaic measurements under light illumination (AM 1.5, 100 mW/cm2) show that short-circuit current density, open-circuit voltage, fill factor and photo-conversion efficiency of the film deposited at 50 Pa were 6.4 μA/cm2, 126 mV, 0.164 and 1.4 × 10− 4% respectively. 相似文献
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73.
Hydrodynamics and gas-liquid mass transfer have been investigated in an “Emulsair” reactor with cocurrent downflow of gas and liquid. This consists of a cylindrical tank with conical bottom topped by an emulsion-venturi as the gas-liquid distributor in which the gas is self-aspired by action of the kinetic energy of the liquid recirculation. An original tracer dynamic technique using the CO2-N2/water system that enables the simultaneous measurement of overall gas hold-up and overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient has been developed and validated using conventional techniques, such as volume expansion for gas hold-up and dynamic oxygenation for mass transfer. It has been shown that gas hold-up and KLaL can be deduced from the moments of experimental response curves using a CO2 pulse in the gas feed. Experimental results have proved that hydrodynamics and mass transfer in the Emulsair reactor are strongly influenced by the flow regime in the divergent. Two different regimes have been observed depending on the liquid recirculation flow rate: annular and homogeneous bubbling flows. In both regimes, self-aspired gas flow rate, gas hold-up and KLaL have been reported to increase with the liquid flow rate. The operation effectiveness, estimated from the gas-to-liquid flow rate ratio, has been shown to pass through a maximum around 0.59 as a function of liquid recirculation. A comparison with the literature proved that this maximum is higher than those observed for other kinds of gas-liquid reactors equipped with a venturi. Correlations for mass transfer estimation have been derived and are in agreement with the literature. 相似文献
74.
Physical and gas transport properties of the hyperbranched polyimide prepared from a triamine, 1,3,5-tris(4-aminophenoxy)benzene (TAPOB), and a dianhydride, 4,4′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene) diphthalic anhydride (6FDA), were investigated and compared with those of linear-type polyimides with similar chemical structures prepared from diamines, 1,4-bis(4-aminophenoxy)benzene (TPEQ) or 1,3-bis(4-aminophenoxy)benzene (TPER), and 6FDA. 6FDA-TAPOB hyperbranched polyimide exhibited a good thermal stability as well as linear-type analogues. Fractional free volume (FFV) value of 6FDA-TAPOB was higher than those of the linear-type analogues, indicating looser packing of molecular chains attributed to the characteristic hyperbranched structure. It was found that increased resistance to the segmental mobility decreases the gas diffusivity of 6FDA-TAPOB, in spite of the higher FFV value. However, 6FDA-TAPOB exhibited considerably high gas solubility, resulting in high gas permeability. It was suggested that low segmental mobility and unique size and distribution of free volume holes arising from the characteristic hyperbranched structure of 6FDA-TAPOB provide effective O2/N2 selectivity. It is concluded that the 6FDA-TAPOB hyperbranched polyimide has relatively high permeability and O2/N2 selectivity, and is expected to apply to a high-performance gas separation membrane. 相似文献
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本文主要介绍了该项目在湖南省铜官陶瓷总公司推广应用实例,论述本技术改革传统隧道窑预热带及冷却带的结构.开发利用隧道密的烟气度热.进一步挖掘冷却带余热的潜力.使隧道窑余热利用率由30%左右提高到50%以上。用来烘干陶瓷半成品、石膏模、匣体取代锅炉蒸汽干燥,节能显著。 相似文献
77.
The hydrodynamic and gas mixing characteristics have been determined in a FCC regenerator (0.48 m I.D.x3.4 m high) with FCC
particles. Solids holdup in the dense bed decreases with increasing gas velocity, but it increases in the freeboard region.
The bubble/void fraction increases with an increase along the bed height at a given gas velocity and increases with increasing
gas velocity at a constant bed height. Backmixed tracer gas at the wall region is higher than that at the center region of
the bed. The gas backmixing coefficient decreases with increasing gas velocity. 相似文献
78.
79.
一种用于气液间传质的新型轴流式叶轮黄庆民林齐浩李启恩(华南理工大学化学工程研究所,广州510641)关键词气液传质轴流式叶轮1前言在液体搅拌器中,轴流式叶轮由于功耗较小且泵吸量较大而被广泛采用。在气液两相搅拌器中,由于轴流式叶轮有气泛问题,一般均采... 相似文献
80.
胺菊酯·高效氯氰菊酯气雾剂的气相色谱分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了 0 .2 8 %胺菊酯·高效氯氰菊酯气雾剂的气相色谱分析方法。选用 5 %SE - 30 ChromsorbWAW -DMCS(15 0~ 180um)色谱柱 ,以邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯为内标物进行定量分析测定 ,该方法简单、快速、准确、适用。结果表明胺菊酯和高效氯氰菊酯的标准偏差分别为 0 .2 4 %和 0 .11% ;变异系数分别为 0 .94 %和 1.74 % ;平均回收率分别为 99.6 4 %和 99.95 % ;线性回归系数分别为 0 .9999和 0 .9998。 相似文献