基于交互式定理证明的并发程序验证工作综述

并发程序与并发系统可以拥有非常高的执行效率和相对串行系统较快的响应速度,在现实中有着非常广泛的应用。但是并发程序与并发系统往往难以保证其实现的正确性,实际应用程序运行中的错误会带来严重的后果。同时,并发程序执行时的不确定性会给其正确性验证带来巨大的困难。在形式化验证方法中,人们可以通过交互式定理证明器严格地对并发程序进行验证。本文对在交互式定理证明中可用于描述并发程序正确性的验证目标进行总结,它们包括霍尔三元组、可线性化、上下文精化和逻辑原子性。交互式定理证明方法中常用程序逻辑对程序进行验证,本文分析了基于并发分离逻辑、依赖保证逻辑、关系霍尔逻辑等理论研究的系列成果与相应形式化方案,并对使用了这些方法的程序验证工具和程序验证成果进行了总结。     

余甘子含片的生产工艺研究

将余甘子压碎,提取果汁,分离苦、涩的物质,提取氨基酸、蛋白质等有效成分进行精制,然后加入一定量的辅料,压成片剂。去除余甘果的苦、涩,保持余甘子的特殊风味、口感及疗效。提高有效成分的功效,服用方便。并应用高效液相色谱、全谱直读等离子体发射光谱仪(ICP)分析余甘子含片的成分,对制取余甘子含片的经济效益进行评价。     

晶粒细化对奥氏体不锈钢高温力学性能的影响

摘要：对粗晶201LN奥氏体不锈钢采用60%冷变形结合700℃退火120s工艺制备超细晶奥氏体不锈钢,研究晶粒细化对奥氏体不锈钢高温力学性能的影响。利用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、电子背散射衍射技术对粗晶和超细晶奥氏体钢进行了组织表征,并使用万能试验机测试20和650℃环境下力学性能。结果显示粗晶奥氏体不锈钢经过冷变形结合退火工艺处理,平均晶粒尺寸由18μm细化为0.9μm,屈服强度由383MPa提高到704MPa,而伸长率由63.8%下降到46.3%,表明晶粒细化能有效提高奥氏体不锈钢屈服强度的同时较小损害塑性,TEM证实其形变机制均为形变诱导马氏体和孪生协同作用。当温度由20℃提高到650℃时,粗晶奥氏体不锈钢屈服强度和伸长率分别下降到180MPa和28.1%,超细晶奥氏体不锈钢屈服强度和伸长率分别为384MPa和24.2%。这表明在650℃高温环境下细晶强化作用仍然有效,粗晶和超细晶奥氏体不锈钢也有较好的塑性,其形变机制分别变为位错滑移和位错滑移+层错+孪生。     

Parallel weather modeling with the advanced regional prediction system

The Center for Analysis and Prediction of Storms has developed a regional weather prediction model called the advanced regional prediction system. The massively parallel implementation of the model has been tested in an operational setting each spring, since the spring of 1995. The model has been quite successful in predicting individual storms and storm clusters during these real-time operations which were made possible by the use of massively parallel machines.     

A BENCHMARK COMPUTATIONAL STUDY OF FINITE ELEMENT ERROR ESTIMATION

Benchmark solutions are presented for a simple linear elastic boundary value problem, as analysed using a range of finite element mesh configurations. For each configuration, various estimates of local (i.e. element) and global discretization error have been computed. These show that the optimal mesh corresponds not only to minimization of global energy (or L₂) norms of the error, but also to equalization of element errors as well. Hence, this demonstrates why element error equalization proves successful as a criterion for guiding the process of mesh refinement in mesh adaptivity. The results also demonstrate the effectiveness of the stress projection method for smoothing discontinuous stress fields which, for this investigation, are more extreme as a consequence of the assumption of nearly incompressible material behaviour. In this case, lower order smoothing produces a continuous stress field which is in close agreement with the exact solution.     

Effect of soaking medium on the physicochemical properties of parboiled glutinous rice of selected Laotian cultivars

The effect of various soaking mediums, viz. water (control), 3% NaCl and 0.2% acetic acid, and without soaking on the physicochemical properties of parboiled selected glutinous (TDK8 and TDK11) and non-glutinous (Doongara) was investigated in the present study. Results showed that the chemistry of soaking had a significant effect on the head rice yield (HRY), grain hardness, crystallinity, color, pasting and thermal properties, textural attributes, and glycemic index of these rice varieties. Soaking with NaCl and acetic acid significantly increased the grain hardness and HRY than control and without soaking treatments. Acetic acid and NaCl soaking significantly affected crystalline regions of starch resulting in reduced crystallinity in X-ray diffraction analysis and thermal endotherms in DSC analysis. NaCl soaking induced swelling of starch granules resulting in high peak and final viscosities. However, acetic acid restricted swelling resulting in reduced peak and final viscosities. NaCl and acetic acid soakings also resulted in increased hardness and adhesiveness of cooked grains than normal water soaked and un-soaked parboiled rice samples. Interestingly, change in textural attributes was prominent in parboiled glutinous rice. The color difference value for fresh parboiled samples was significantly lower for acetic acid soaked samples compared to NaCl soaked and un-soaked samples probably due to bleaching effect of acetic acid. Moreover, parboiling also resulted in significant reduction in glycemic index of glutinous rice. These findings revealed the potential application of parboiling with modified soaking techniques to improve the grain quality.     

Fine equiaxed dendritic structure of a medium carbon steel cast using pulsed magneto-oscillation melt treatment

The application of a pulsed magneto-oscillation (PMO) technique during the solidification of a commercial high melting point medium carbon steel ingot (φ140 mm 9 450 mm) produced fully equiaxed grains in the cast ingot, indicating that the PMO process significantly promotes heterogeneous nucleation near the solid-liquid interface. The vigorous convection induced by PMO forced the partly solidified grains to move from the solid-liquid interface and became randomly distributed throughout the melt, which resulted in the formation of uniformly sized equiaxed dendrites throughout the whole ingot. Building on the developed nucleation mechanism and a flow field simulation of pure aluminum, a PMO-induced grain refinement model for steel is proposed.The full text can be downloaded at https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40436-017-0206-5     

The effects of Zr and Ti on the microstructure and tensile properties of Al–Cu–Mg aluminium alloy

The effects of Al–5Ti–1B and Al–15Zr master alloys on the structural characteristics and tensile properties of Al–4.5Cu–0.3Mg aluminium alloy were studied. Al–5Ti–1B was found to be more effective than Al–15Zr in grain refining of the alloy. It could be seen that average grain size reduces from 570 to 260?μm when 0.01?wt-% Ti addition; additionally, while different amounts of Ti and Zr were added to the alloy, the dendritic structure changes from long dendrite to rather rosette-like morphology. Furthermore, tensile testing of cast specimens revealed that ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of the cast alloy increases from 241 to 283 and 260?MPa after adding the optimum amount of Ti and Zr containing master alloys, respectively. Moreover, UTS values of T6 heat-treated specimens also showed 73 and 61% improvement after adding 0.05?wt-% Ti and 0.3?wt-% Zr to the alloy. Fracture surface examinations exhibited a transition from brittle fracture mode in as-cast to ductile fracture in refined and T6 heat-treated specimens.