对建筑景观设计的几点思考

随着新建筑理念的发展,人们对建筑的要求越来越高,需要在建筑中渗透审美艺术,建筑与景观的结合满足了这种需求。本文通过对建筑与景观构成要素的分析,积极探寻提升两者协调统一的有效对策,以便促进建筑与景观设计的新发展,更好地服务于人民。     

Effects of anchoring tensile stresses in axially loaded plates and sections

Thin-walled compression members are commonly designed on the assumption that the loaded edges remain straight. Under this assumption, tensile stresses develop in the most flexible parts of the component plates at advanced local buckling deformation, and thus are assumed to be ‘anchored’ at the ends. However, current design rules for plate elements, such as the Winter formulae, are partly based on tests in which the load was applied by use of rigid platens that did not permit tensile stresses to develop. There exists an apparent inconsistency between the assumption of straight loaded edges and the use of a design curve calibrated from tests in which the loaded edges of component plates may not have remained straight.This paper addresses this apparent inconsistency by comparing finite element solutions for the conditions of straight loaded edges and loading by use of a contact surface between the plate edge and a non-deformable rigid body end platen, where there is no constraint for the plate edge to remain in contact with the rigid body. Solutions are provided for a single half-wavelength of unstiffened and stiffened plate elements simply supported along three and four edges, respectively. The effect of multiple half-wavelengths is also investigated, as is the effect of interaction between elements in practical sections comprising stiffened and unstiffened elements.     

传统中的现代解析--泉州南建筑博物馆设计纪实

要如何在传统地区进行现代建筑的设计,是人们关注已久的问题,汲取传统地区的地域文化、符号、材料、技术等元素,经过抽象与转化,体现于本地区现代建筑的传承手法,将会为地域文化在建筑中的全新现提供新的途径。结合实际工程泉州南建筑博物馆三轮方案的进程,重点阐述在地区特色强烈的泉州地区博物馆方案的设计思想以及在设计的过程中设计师与业主之间对如何表达泉州特色进行的种种来回的沟通与探讨,并最终希望通过此方案的设计过程表明该如何在设计方与业主之间取得最终的共识上的进一步的认识。     

石油罐区火灾爆炸事故风险评价

为研究石油罐区火灾爆炸事故多因素耦合视角下的风险定量评价方法,从人、机、环、管四个方面进行石油罐区火灾爆炸事故风险因素辨识,基于系统动力学构建石油罐区火灾爆炸事故风险因素因果回路模型研究各风险因素之间的耦合作用;通过构建相互作用矩阵对石油罐区进行风险评价研究,得出耦合视角下石油罐区火灾爆炸事故风险权重及风险评价等级;结合惠州某石油罐区实际案例对该风险评价模型进行应用。结果表明,该石油罐区风险处于中度风险严重度状态,影响该石油罐区安全最主要的因素包括人员违章操作风险、设备故障风险、安全管理实施力度风险以及人员安全意识风险。     

浅析苏州建筑创作中地域性的影响

苏州现代建筑创作中需要对地域文化和地域环境的充分考虑,运用现代建筑的处理手法对传统建筑元素和构件进行提取和象征性处理,形成一定的形式法则和认知。在建筑创作中将这些符号和元素进行简单的几何处理,形成新建筑各个构件之间的有机联系,体现新建筑的地域特色。     

生产优质塑料异型材的十大要素

本文论述了生产门窗用优质塑料异型材的十大要素,为企业提高型材质量提供了理论依据。     

建筑室内生态景观设计的基本构成要素与展望

本文通过对室内生态景观设计的基本构成要素的深入分析和整理,使设计师们在开展现代室内生态景观设计时尽可能顾及到全面室内要素,从而做到重点突出,不落细节。伴随着现代室内设计高新技术和材料的运用,高度智能化调节系统的出现,可持续发展的绿色低碳的室内生态设计观已成为现代室内景观设计的最终趋势。     

考虑岩体空间变异性的隧洞围岩变形随机分析

准确和全面地预测隧洞开挖所引起的围岩变形是隧洞设计和施工中的一个关键问题。目前常用的确定性分析方法不能考虑岩体的空间变异性,而这种空间变异性对围岩变形计算结果的准确性和可靠性有着重要的影响。为此,提出采用非侵入式随机分析方法研究岩体空间变异性对围岩变形的影响。采用随机场模拟岩体的空间变异性,采用有限元计算围岩的变形,研究岩体弹性模量和侧压力系数的空间变异性对围岩变形特别是地表位移的影响。结果表明,非侵入式随机分析方法的优势在于有限元计算和随机分析不耦合。侧压力系数的空间变异性对围岩变形的影响远小于弹性模量的影响。由于低强度占优效应的影响,岩体的特征模量小于数学平均值。弹性模量随机场中横向和竖向波动范围参数对围岩变形有明显不同的影响。     

以苏州城市形象策略为例谈城市特色的要素

在研究已有成功案例的基础上,提出城市设计应当抓住本地的特色要素,将之提炼和实现到城市层面上,创造有文化延续性的特色城市形象,以苏州为例,分析其在树立城市形象过程中对特色要素的把握和应用,对其他城市形象塑造具有指导意义。     

Size reduction of PtRu catalyst particle deposited on carbon support by addition of non-metallic elements

Addition of non-metallic elements such as N, P and S was examined to reduce the catalyst particle size of PtRu deposited on a carbon support and to improve the catalytic performance. It was found that the addition of N, P and S reduced the size of PtRu catalyst particle and that P was the most effective additive on the size reduction. A well dispersed PtRu catalyst particle 2 nm in size was obtained by the addition of P. The maximum power density was observed to be 64 mW/cm² in a passive state of direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) at room temperature by using the PtRuP anode catalyst. The PtRuP catalyst retained the size independently with surface area of the carbon support. This made it possible to use a carbon support with low surface area (lower porosity), resulting in better accessibility by molecules on the noble metal particles which were deposited prior to the external surface in compared to the micropore walls. The maximum power density was improved from 44 to 64 mW/cm² by using a less porous carbon support (140 m²/g).